破戒

破戒

Chinese

		to break; to split; broken to break; to split; broken; damaged; worn out	swear off; warn against
simp. and trad. (破戒)		破	戒

Etymology

Translation of Sanskrit शीलखण्डन (śīlakhaṇḍana, “violation of morality or virtue”). Tibetan equivalent is ཚུལ་ཁྲིམས་ཉམས་པ (tshul khrims nyams pa).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pòjiè

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄛˋ ㄐㄧㄝˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): po³ gaai³
• Min Nan (POJ): phòa-kài

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pòjiè
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄛˋ ㄐㄧㄝˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pòjiè
    • Wade–Giles: pʻo⁴-chieh⁴
    • Yale: pwò-jyè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pohjieh
    • Palladius: поцзе (pocze)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰwɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕjɛ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: po³ gaai³
    • Yale: po gaai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: po³ gaai³
    • Guangdong Romanization: po³ gai³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɔː³³ kaːi̯³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phòa-kài
    • Tâi-lô: phuà-kài
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phoarkaix
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pʰua²¹⁻⁵³ kai²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰua⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kai⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰua²¹⁻⁵³ kai²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pʰua¹¹⁻⁵³ kai¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰua²¹⁻⁴¹ kai²¹/

Verb

破戒

1. (religion) to break a commandment
2. (by extension) to make an exception

Derived terms

破戒人

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (破戒):

• → Japanese: 破戒(はかい) (hakai)
• → Korean: 파계(破戒) (pagye)
• → Vietnamese: phá giới (破戒)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
破	戒
は Grade: 5	かい Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
• (Tokyo) はかい [hàkáí] (Heiban – [0])[1]
• IPA^(key): [ha̠ka̠i]

Noun

破(は)戒(かい) • (hakai) 

1. breaking a commandment, especially a religious commandment

   破(は)戒(かい)僧(そう)　ランシン

   Hakaisō Ranshin

   Ranshin, Commandment Breaker

Antonyms

• 持戒(じかい) (jikai)

Derived terms

• 破戒僧(はかいそう) (hakaisō)

References

1. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.