砂岩

砂岩

Chinese

		sand; gravel; granule	cliff; rock
simp. and trad. (砂岩)		砂	岩

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shāyán

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄚ ㄧㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): saa¹ ngaam⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: shāyán
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄚ ㄧㄢˊ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shayan
    • IPA ^(key): /ʂa̠⁵⁵ i̯ɛn³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: saa¹ ngaam⁴
    • Yale: sā ngàahm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: saa¹ ngaam⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: sa¹ ngam⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /saː⁵⁵ ŋaːm²¹/

Noun

砂岩

1. sandstone

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
砂	岩
さ Grade: 6	がん Grade: 2
on’yomi

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 砂岩 (MC ʃˠa *ngam, “sandstone”, literally “sand + rock”). Uses the kan'on reading, suggesting a later borrowing. Compare modern Cantonese reading saa¹ ngaam⁴.

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Kan’on
  • (Tokyo) さ​がん [sáꜜgàǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2][3]
  • (Tokyo) さがん [sàgáń] (Heiban – [0])[2]
  • IPA^(key): [sa̠ɡã̠ɴ]

Noun

砂岩 (hiragana さがん, rōmaji sagan)

1. (petrology) sandstone
2. grit (such as for sanding, polishing, or traction)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
砂	岩
しゃ Grade: 6	がん Grade: 2
on’yomi

Appears to be a shift from sagan above. Less common. Uses the goon reading of sha for the 砂 character.

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
  • (Tokyo) しゃ​がん [sháꜜgàǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][3]
  • (Tokyo) しゃがん [shàgáń] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA^(key): [ɕa̠ɡã̠ɴ]

Noun

砂岩 (hiragana しゃがん, rōmaji shagan)

1. (petrology, uncommon) sandstone

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
3. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN