矜憐
Chinese
boast; esteem; sympathize | to pity | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (矜憐) | 矜 | 憐 | |
simp. (矜怜) | 矜 | 怜 |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Pinyin): jīnlián
- (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣ ㄌㄧㄢˊ
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin: jīnlián
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣ ㄌㄧㄢˊ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh:
jinlian
- Tongyong Pinyin:
jinlián
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ljɛn³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: /kɨŋ len/
Rime | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 矜 | 憐 |
Reading # | 1/3 | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 來 (37) |
Final (韻) | 蒸 (133) | 先 (85) |
Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
Division (等) | III | IV |
Fanqie | 居陵切 | 落賢切 |
Reconstructions | ||
Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɨŋ/ | /len/ |
Pan Wuyun | /kɨŋ/ | /len/ |
Shao Rongfen | /kieŋ/ | /lɛn/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank | /kiŋ/ | /lɛn/ |
Li Rong | /kiəŋ/ | /len/ |
Wang Li | /kĭəŋ/ | /lien/ |
Bernard Karlgren | /ki̯əŋ/ | /lien/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex | jīng | lián |
Expected Cantonese Reflex | ging1 | lin4 |
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*k-riŋ rˤiŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kɯŋ riːn/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 矜 | 憐 |
Reading # | 1/3 | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jīn | lián |
Middle Chinese | ‹ king › | ‹ len › |
Old Chinese | /*k-riŋ/ (dialect: *k-r- > k-, *-iŋ > MC -ing) | /*rˁiŋ/ |
English | pity (v.) | love; pity |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 矜 | 憐 |
Reading # | 3/3 | 1/1 |
No. | 6631 | 8193 |
Phonetic component | 今 | 粦 |
Rime group | 蒸 | 眞 |
Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 |
Corresponding MC rime | 兢 | 蓮 |
Old Chinese | /*kɯŋ/ | /*riːn/ |
Verb
矜憐
- (literary) to take pity on; to have pity on
Synonyms
- 憐憫/怜悯 (liánmǐn)