盾

盾

盾 U+76FE, 盾 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-76FE ← 盽 [U+76FD] CJK Unified Ideographs 盿 → [U+76FF]

Translingual

Han character

盾 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹十月山 (HJBU), four-corner 7226₄, composition ⿸𠂆𥃭 or ⿸𣂑目)

Derived characters

• 循 楯

References

• KangXi: page 801, character 19
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23171
• Dae Jaweon: page 1218, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2475, character 5
• Unihan data for U+76FE

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		盾

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 盾
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (盾) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
盾	*l'uːnʔ, *ɦljunʔ
遁	*l'uːnʔ, *l'uːns
循	*ljun
揗	*ljun, *ɦljunʔ, *ɦljuns
楯	*ljun, *l̥ʰun, *ɦljunʔ
輴	*l̥ʰun
腯	*l'uːd
鍎	*l'uːd

Pictogram (象形) — a shield (in the oracle bone script). Note that under the 𠂆 is not 直 - one less stroke here.

Etymology

“shield”

Compare Burmese လွှား (hlwa:, “oblong shield”) (Starostin). It is unclear whether Chepang [script needed] (dhəl) is related (Schuessler, 2007). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

“dong”

Borrowed from Vietnamese đồng, from Chinese 銅 (MC duŋ, “copper”).

1849 “godless florin”

“guilder; gulden; rupiah”

Probably first referred to the two shilling coin, also known as the florin, which had four crowned cruciform shields with a rose in the centre. It was later used for the Dutch guilder, which replaced an older currency known as the florin. Since the guilder was used in Indonesia, when the rupiah replaced it, the Chinese name for the guilder continued to be used for the rupiah.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dùn, shǔn (dun⁴, shun³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄣˋ, ㄕㄨㄣˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): teon⁵, seon⁵
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thún
• Min Bei (KCR): dō̤ng
• Min Dong (BUC): dōng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): tún

  (Teochew, Peng'im): dung²

• Wu (Wiktionary): den (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dùn
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄣˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dùn
    • Wade–Giles: tun⁴
    • Yale: dwùn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duenn
    • Palladius: дунь (dunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /twən⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shǔn
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄣˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shǔn
    • Wade–Giles: shun³
    • Yale: shwǔn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shoen
    • Palladius: шунь (šunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂwən²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: teon⁵, seon⁵
    • Yale: téuhn, séuhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: toen⁵, soen⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: tên⁵, sên⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɵn¹³/, /sɵn¹³/

Note: seon5 - rare variant.

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thún
    • Hakka Romanization System: tun`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: tun³
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰun³¹/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dō̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dōng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /touŋ³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tún
    • Tâi-lô: tún
    • Phofsit Daibuun: duon
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tun⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tun⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tun⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tun⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tun⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: dung²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: túng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tuŋ⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: den (T3)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /d̥əɲ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ʑiuɪn^X/, /duən^X/

Rime
Character	盾	盾
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	船 (27)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	諄 (47)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	食尹切	徒損切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʑiuɪnX/	/duənX/
Pan Wuyun	/ʑʷinX/	/duonX/
Shao Rongfen	/ʑjuenX/	/duənX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʑwinX/	/dwənX/
Li Rong	/d͡ʑiuĕnX/	/duənX/
Wang Li	/d͡ʑĭuĕnX/	/duənX/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡ʑʰi̯uĕnX/	/dʱuənX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shùn	dùn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	seon6	deon6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤu[n]ʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*l'uːnʔ/, /*ɦljunʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	盾
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dùn
Middle Chinese	‹ dwonX ›
Old Chinese	/*lˁu[n]ʔ/
English	shield
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	盾	盾
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	2623	2631
Phonetic component	盾	盾
Rime group	文	文
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	囤	盾
Old Chinese	/*l'uːnʔ/	/*ɦljunʔ/

Definitions

盾

1. (military) shield
2. shield-shaped object
3. (figurative) support; aid; assistance
4. dong (Vietnamese currency)
5. guilder; gulden (several currencies)
6. rupiah (Indonesian currency)

Compounds

U盾 (yōu-dùn) 以子之矛，攻子之盾 大相矛盾 盾柱 (dùnzhù) 盾牌 (dùnpái) 矛盾 (máodùn)

矛盾律 (máodùnlǜ) 矛盾方程式 矛盾相向 磨盾之暇 自相矛盾 (zìxiāngmáodùn) 荷盾 (hédùn)

後盾／后盾 (hòudùn) 潛盾工法／潜盾工法 盾狀／盾状 (dùnzhuàng) 銀盾／银盾 階級矛盾／阶级矛盾

References

• “盾”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Alternative forms

• 楯

Kanji

盾

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. shield, escutcheon

Readings

• Go-on: じゅん (jun, Jōyō); どん (don)
• Kan-on: しゅん (shun); とん (ton)
• Kun: たて (tate, 盾, Jōyō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
盾
たて Grade: S
kun’yomi

The nominalized form of the verb 立てる (tateru, “stand”).

Noun

盾(たて) • (tate) 

1. a weapon stood up or erected before one's body to block and protect from attacks; a shield

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Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 盾 (MC ʑiuɪn^X).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 쓘〯 (Yale: ssyǔn) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 슌〯 (syǔn) (Yale: syǔn) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰun]
• Phonetic hangul: [순]

Hanja

Wikisource盾 (eumhun 방패 순 (bangpae sun))

1. Hanja form^? of 순 (“shield”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 모순 (矛盾, mosun)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

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Vietnamese

Han character

盾: Hán Nôm readings: thuẫn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.