監
See also: 监
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Translingual
| Japanese | 監 |
|---|---|
| Simplified | 监 |
| Traditional | 監 |
Alternative forms
- 𰯲 (when used at the top of a character)
Note the difference in the upper right component between simplified Chinese, where it is ⿱𠂉丶 (resembles half of ⺮), and traditional Chinese and Japanese, where it is ⿱𠂉一.
Han character
監 (Kangxi radical 108, 皿+9 in Chinese, 皿+10 in Japanese, 14 strokes in Chinese, 15 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 尸戈月廿 (SIBT) or 尸一月廿 (SMBT), four-corner 78107, composition ⿱⿰臣⿱𠂉丶皿)
Derived characters
- 儖(𫣉) 嚂(𰈓) 壏(𰊑) 尶 尷(尴) 懢 檻(槛) 濫(滥) 爁(𬊶) 璼(𫞨) 礛(𰧔) 籃(篮) 糮(𬖮) 繿(䍀) 艦(舰) 藍(蓝) 襤(褴) 轞(𰺗) 鑑(鉴) 鹽(塩 盐) 㔋(𪟎) 㜮(𫱕) 㩜(㨫) 㲯(𰚪) 㺝 䆾 䰐(𱆅) 𠕱 𡮻 𡰛 𡽳(𫶊) 𡽾 𢅡(𫷌) 𣁥 𣋣 𣰦 𥃢 𥌈 𥜓 𦡶(𰯂) 𦣸 𧓦 𧥈 𧭗 𧸦(𬥾) 𨊔 𨣨(𰼏) 𩁱 𩦹 𩴵(𩴌) 𩼳 𪇖(𬸡) 𪊇 𫗝 𫶻 𭧿
Descendants
- 监
References
- KangXi: page 796, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23032
- Dae Jaweon: page 1210, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2566, character 3
- Unihan data for U+76E3
Chinese
| trad. | 監 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 监 | |
| alternative forms | 𧗄 譼／䛓 𧨭 𧩾 | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (監) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 藍 | *ɡ·raːm |
| 襤 | *ɡ·raːm |
| 籃 | *ɡ·raːm |
| 懢 | *ɡ·raːm, *ɡ·raːms |
| 儖 | *ɡ·raːm |
| 蘫 | *ɡ·raːm, *qʰlaːms |
| 攬 | *ɡ·raːmʔ |
| 欖 | *ɡ·raːmʔ |
| 覽 | *ɡ·raːmʔ |
| 爁 | *ɡ·raːmʔ, *ɡ·raːms, *ɡ·rams |
| 擥 | *ɡ·raːmʔ |
| 灠 | *ɡ·raːmʔ |
| 濫 | *ɡ·raːms, *ɡraːmʔ |
| 嚂 | *ɡ·raːms, *kʰlaːms, *qʰlaːmʔ |
| 纜 | *ɡ·raːms |
| 監 | *kraːm, *kraːms |
| 礛 | *kraːm |
| 鑑 | *kraːm, *kraːms, *kraːms |
| 艦 | *ɡraːmʔ |
| 檻 | *ɡraːmʔ, *ɡraːms |
| 壏 | *ɡraːmʔ |
| 轞 | *ɡraːmʔ |
| 鹽 | *ɡ·lam, *ɡ·lams |
Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 臥 + 血. Note the migration of the dot from 血 → 皿 to a third stroke of 人 → ⿱𠂉丶/⿱𠂉一.
Pronunciation 1
Definitions
監
- to supervise; to oversee
- (historical) proctor; supervisor
- to control; to take charge; to direct
- (historical, of crown prince or senior statesman) to act for the monarch
- (historical) dukes or princes under an emperor
- † to imprison; to incarcerate
- prison; jail
- † to command; to lead
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 監獄 (“jail; prison”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 監獄, 監牢, 牢獄, 牢房 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 監獄, 泡兒局 dated |
| Taiwan | 監獄 | |
| Tianjin | 監獄 | |
| Tangshan | 監獄 | |
| Cangzhou | 監獄, 班房兒 | |
| Baoding | 監獄 | |
| Shijiazhuang | 監獄 | |
| Chifeng | 監獄 | |
| Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 監獄, 笆籬子 | |
| Harbin | 監獄, 牢, 笆籬子 | |
| Shenyang | 牢, 班房, 笆籬子 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 監牢獄, 監獄 | |
| Qingdao | 監牢獄 | |
| Jinan | 監獄, 監牢獄, 監 | |
| Luoyang | 監, 牢 | |
| Zhengzhou | 監獄, 監, 牢 | |
| Xi'an | 監獄, 監, 牢 | |
| Yinchuan | 監獄, 牢, 班房 | |
| Lanzhou | 監獄, 班房子, 班房 | |
| Xining | 牢, 班房 | |
| Ürümqi | 監獄, 牢, 笆籬子, 班房子 | |
| Wuhan | 監獄, 牢, 班房 | |
| Chengdu | 牢, 班房 | |
| Guiyang | 監獄, 班房 | |
| Kunming | 監獄, 牢, 班房 | |
| Guilin | 監獄, 牢 | |
| Liuzhou | 監獄, 牢 | |
| Xuzhou | 監獄, 牢, 大圈兒, 八號兒 | |
| Yangzhou | 牢監, 牢, 班房 | |
| Nanjing | 牢 | |
| Hefei | 監獄 | |
| Nantong | 監牢, 牢 | |
| Singapore | 監牢 | |
| Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 班房子, 獄監 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 監倉 |
| Hong Kong | 監獄, 監倉, 祠堂 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 牢監, 班房 |
| Pingxiang | 班房 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 監房 |
| Yudu | 班房 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 監獄 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 監獄, 監獄仔 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 監獄 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 監獄 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 監獄 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 監獄 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 監牢 |
| Shexian | 監牢, 牢 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 牢, 班房 |
| Xinzhou | 監牢, 監, 牢房, 牢, 班房 | |
| Linhe | 監獄, 監, 牢, 班房子 | |
| Jining | 班房 | |
| Hohhot | 監獄, 監, 牢, 獄, 班房 | |
| Zhangjiakou | 監獄, 牢 | |
| Handan | 監獄, 房子 | |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 班房 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 監牢 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 監獄, 監牢, 班館, 館仔 dated, 櫳仔 dated, 櫳間 dated, 鴿仔空 dated |
| Quanzhou | 監獄, 監牢 | |
| Zhangzhou | 監獄, 監牢, 班館, 館仔 dated, 櫳仔 dated | |
| Taipei | 內籬仔 GT | |
| Tainan | 監獄, 監牢, 櫳仔, 櫳仔間 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 跤跔, 跤跔間 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 監牢, 釘鏈間 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 跤跔, 監獄 | |
| Shantou | 監獄 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 釘鏈間, 監牢 | |
| Leizhou | 監倉 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 牢監 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 監牢 | |
| Danyang | 監牢 | |
| Hangzhou | 牢監 | |
| Ningbo | 牢監, 監牢 | |
| Wenzhou | 牢監, 班房 | |
| Jinhua | 監牢 | |
| Xiang | Loudi | 班房, 籠子 |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | |
Compounds
Derived terms from 監
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Pronunciation 2
Definitions
監
- † Alternative form of 鑒／鉴 (jiàn, “mirror”).
- † to reflect; to see; to view
- 子曰：「周監於二代，郁郁乎文哉！吾從周。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Zǐyuē: “Zhōu jiàn yú èrdài, yùyùhū wénzāi! Wú cóng Zhōu.” [Pinyin]
- The Master said, "Zhou had the advantage of viewing the two past dynasties. How complete and elegant are its regulations! I follow Zhou."
子曰：“周监于二代，郁郁乎文哉！吾从周。” [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- † to use for reference; to draw lessons from
- (historical) supervisor; overseer
- (historical) imperial office
- (historical) eunuch
Compounds
Derived terms from 監
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References
- “監”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
監
(common “Jōyō” kanji)
- oversee
- bureaucrat
- government agency or office
- manage
- control or own
Readings
- Go-on: けん (ken)
- Kan-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)
- Kun: みる (miru, 監る)
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 監 |
| かん Grade: S |
| on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 監 (MC kˠam).
Pronunciation
- On’yomi
- IPA(key): [kã̠ɴ]
Affix
監 • (kan)
- to supervise; to inspect; to watch
- jail; jailhouse
Compounds
- 監禁
- 監獄
- 監査
- 監察
- 監視
- 監守
- 監修
- 監督
- 監房
Korean
Hanja
監 (eumhun 볼 감 (bol gam))
- Hanja form? of 감 (“supervision; overseeing”).
Compounds
- 감독 (監督, gamdok, “director”)
- 감시 (監視, gamsi, “surveillance”)
Vietnamese
Han character
監: Hán Nôm readings: giam, giám, giớm, giợm, róm, giấm, lổm, ram, rướm, xám
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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