當
See also: 当
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Translingual
| Japanese | 当 |
|---|---|
| Simplified | 当 |
| Traditional | 當 |
Han character
當 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 火月口田 (FBRW), four-corner 90606, composition ⿱𫩠田)
Derived characters
- 儅, 𠧁, 噹(当), 壋(垱), 㜭, 𡽊, 𫷑, 擋(挡), 澢, 𤢎, 𨼴, 𣃉, 檔(档), 𭶙, 𤗾, 璫(珰), 𦡁, 𰦄, 礑, 𥢷, 襠(裆), 𥼽, 𬙔, 𦗴, 艡, 蟷, 譡, 𨆉, 𨎴, 鐺, 𩟈, 𩼉
- 𤔶, 𬩖, 劏(㓥), 㼕, 㽆, 𭻺, 𪇁, 𦼲, 簹(筜), 𮫒, 𧒾, 闣
References
- KangXi: page 764, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21890
- Dae Jaweon: page 1175, character 9
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2546, character 6
- Unihan data for U+7576
Chinese
| trad. | 當 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 当* | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 當 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Characters in the same phonetic series (尚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 當 | *taːŋ, *taːŋs |
| 襠 | *taːŋ |
| 鐺 | *taːŋ, *sʰraːŋ |
| 簹 | *taːŋ |
| 璫 | *taːŋ |
| 檔 | *taːŋ, *taːŋs |
| 儅 | *taːŋ, *taːŋs |
| 蟷 | *taːŋ |
| 擋 | *taːŋʔ, *taːŋs |
| 黨 | *taːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋʔ |
| 讜 | *taːŋʔ |
| 欓 | *taːŋʔ |
| 譡 | *taːŋs |
| 闣 | *taːŋs |
| 瓽 | *taːŋs |
| 鏜 | *tʰaːŋ |
| 闛 | *tʰaːŋ, *daːŋ |
| 鼞 | *tʰaːŋ |
| 曭 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
| 儻 | *tʰaːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋs |
| 戃 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
| 矘 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
| 爣 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
| 攩 | *hl'aːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋs |
| 淌 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
| 倘 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
| 躺 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
| 趟 | *tʰaːŋs, *rtaːŋ, *rtaːŋs |
| 堂 | *daːŋ |
| 坣 | *daːŋ |
| 棠 | *daːŋ |
| 糛 | *daːŋ |
| 螳 | *daːŋ |
| 隚 | *daːŋ |
| 橖 | *daːŋ |
| 掌 | *tjaŋʔ |
| 廠 | *tʰjaŋʔ, *tʰjaŋs |
| 敞 | *tʰjaŋʔ |
| 僘 | *tʰjaŋʔ |
| 氅 | *tʰjaŋʔ |
| 常 | *djaŋ |
| 嘗 | *djaŋ |
| 裳 | *djaŋ |
| 徜 | *djaŋ |
| 尚 | *djaŋ, *djaŋs |
| 甞 | *djaŋ |
| 鋿 | *djaŋ |
| 嫦 | *djaŋ |
| 償 | *djaŋ, *djaŋs |
| 賞 | *hjaŋʔ |
| 瞠 | *rtʰaːŋ |
| 撐 | *rtʰaːŋ |
| 樘 | *rtʰaːŋ |
| 橕 | *rtʰaːŋ |
| 牚 | *rtʰaːŋs |
| 埫 | *tʰoŋʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taːŋ, *taːŋs) : phonetic 尚 (OC *djaŋ, *djaŋs) + semantic 田 (“field”) – fields facing each other.
Etymology
當 (OC *taːŋs, “right; suitable; ought to”) (pronunciation 2) is the exopassive derivation of 當 (OC *taːŋ, “to have the value of; to be equal of; to face; vis-à-vis”) (pronunciation 1), literally "what is being matched".
黨 (OC *taːŋʔ, “class; party”) is the endoactive derivation of 當 (OC *taːŋ, “to be equal of”), literally "that which is equal in rank" (Schuessler, 2007).
擋 (OC *taːŋʔ, *taːŋs, “to block; to obstruct”) is a derivative and was originally also written as 當 (Wang, 1982).
Perhaps cognate with Tibetan དང (dang, “(together) with; and”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation 1
Definitions
當
- to face; to turn towards
- 當面／当面 ― dāngmiàn ― face-to-face
- 當著眾人的面訓斥孩子 [MSC, trad.]
- dāng zhe zhòngrén de miàn xùnchì háizi [Pinyin]
- to scold one's child in front of everyone
当着众人的面训斥孩子 [MSC, simp.]
- 當窗理雲鬢，對鏡帖花黃。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 木蘭詩 (Ballad of Mulan)
- Dāng chuāng lǐ yúnbìn, duì jìng tiě huāhuáng. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this example)
当窗理云鬓，对镜帖花黄。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- to bear; to withstand; to resist
- 不敢當／不敢当 ― bùgǎn dāng ― I really don't deserve this.
- 當之無愧／当之无愧 ― dāngzhīwúkuì ― to merit the reward; to be deserving
- to undertake; to manage; to take charge of
- 當權／当权 ― dāngquán ― to hold power
- to work as; to serve as
- 讓我來當你的助手吧。 [MSC, trad.]
- Ràng wǒ lái dāng nǐ de zhùshǒu ba. [Pinyin]
- Let me be your assistant.
让我来当你的助手吧。 [MSC, simp.]
- to match equally; to equal; to be equal to
- 門當戶對／门当户对 ― méndānghùduì ― to be well-matched in terms of socio-economic status (for purposes of marriage)
- just; just at (a time or place); at or in the very same
- 當天／当天 ― dāngtiān ― that day
- 當場／当场 ― dāngchǎng ― on the spot
- 當我五歲時，我的母親突然得病身亡。 [MSC, trad.]
- Dāng wǒ wǔ suì shí, wǒ de mǔqīn tūrán débìng shēnwáng. [Pinyin]
- When I was five, my mother suddenly fell ill and died.
当我五岁时，我的母亲突然得病身亡。 [MSC, simp.]
- to meet; to happen to
- 《易》之興也，其當殷之末世，周之盛德邪？當文王與紂之事邪？ [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: I Ching, 11th – 8th century BCE
- “Yì” zhī xìng yě, qí dāng Yīn zhī mòshì, zhōu zhī shèngdé yé? Dāng Wénwáng yǔ zhòu zhī shì yé? [Pinyin]
- Was it not in the last age of Yin, when the virtue of Gou had reached its highest point, and during the troubles between king Wen and (the tyrant) Gou, that the (study of the Yi) began to flourish?
《易》之兴也，其当殷之末世，周之盛德邪？当文王与纣之事邪？ [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (literary) still; to be
- 雲長提華雄之頭，擲於地上，其酒當溫。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: c. 1330 - 1400: Luo Guanzhong, Romance of the Three Kingdoms/Chapter 5
- Yúncháng tí Huá Xióng zhī tóu, zhì yú dìshàng, qí jiǔ dāng wēn. [Pinyin]
- Yunchang's wine was still warm when he threw Hua Xiong's head on the ground.
云长提华雄之头，掷于地上，其酒当温。 [MSC, simp.]
- to regard something/someone as; to think; to treat something/someone as
- (literary) to make a judgement; to sentence
- ought; should
- 於諸侯之約，大王當王關中，關中民咸知之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
- Yú zhūhóu zhī yuē, dàwáng dāng wàng Guānzhōng, Guānzhōng mín xián zhī zhī. [Pinyin]
- By the covenant made with vassals, you should be the king in Guanzhong; all people of Guanzhong knew this.
于诸侯之约，大王当王关中，关中民咸知之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]- 言亂極當治，天必將使夫子得位設教，不久失位也。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
- From: Various editors, Collected Conversations of Master Zhu, c. 13th century CE
- Yán luàn jí dāng chí, tiān bì jiāng shǐ fūzǐ déwèi shèjiào, bùjiǔ shī wèi yě. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this example)
言乱极当治，天必将使夫子得位设教，不久失位也。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
- gap; space; break
- a surname
Synonyms
- (still): 尚 (shàng), 還／还 (huán)
- (ought to):
edit
Synonyms of 當
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Descendants
- → Vietnamese: đang (“present tense marker”)
Compounds
Derived terms from 當
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Pronunciation 2
Definitions
當
- to match; to be equal to
- (obsolete) to lead; to manage
- proper; suitable; adequate; fitting; appropriate
- 恰當／恰当 ― qiàdāng ― appropriate
- to regard as; to consider as; to treat as
- 把寵物當自己的孩子養 [MSC, trad.]
- bǎ chǒngwù dàng zìjǐ de háizǐ yǎng [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this example)
把宠物当自己的孩子养 [MSC, simp.]
- to think
- 你真當我不知道麼？ [MSC, trad.]
- Nǐ zhēn dàng wǒ bù zhīdào me? [Pinyin]
- You really think I don't know?
你真当我不知道么？ [MSC, simp.]
- to pawn; to put in pawn
- 當了手錶／当了手表 ― dàng le shǒubiǎo ― to have pawned a watch
- pawn; something pawned
- pawnshop (often used in names of pawnshops)
- trick; fraud; deception
- 上當／上当 ― shàngdāng ― to be taken in
Descendants
- → Vietnamese: đáng (“worthy; to deserve”)
- → Zhuang: dangq (“to pawn; to be the same as; to treat as”)
Compounds
Derived terms from 當
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Pronunciation 3
Definitions
當
- Alternative form of 擋／挡 (dǎng, “to block; to obstruct”).
- 螳臂當車／螳臂当车 ― tángbìdāngchē ― to overrate oneself and try to hold back an overwhelming force
- 一身轉戰三千里，一劍曾當百萬師。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 8th century, Wang Wei, 老將行
- Yīshēn zhuǎnzhàn sānqiān lǐ, yī jiàn céng dāng bǎiwàn shī. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this example)
一身转战三千里，一剑曾当百万师。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Compounds
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Pronunciation 4
Definitions
當
- the same (day etc.)
- 當天／当天 ― dàngtiān ― that very day
Pronunciation 5
Definitions
當
- to take sides
Pronunciation 6
Definitions
當
- Alternative form of 噹／当 (dāng, “clang; clank; ding-dong”).
Pronunciation 7
Definitions
當
- A meaningless suffix.
References
- “當”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學／香港中文大学 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Shinjitai | 当 |
Kyūjitai | 當 |
Kanji
當
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 当)
- Kyūjitai form of 当
Readings
- Go-on: とう (tō)←たう (tau, historical)
- Kan-on: とう (tō)←たう (tau, historical)
- Kun: あたり (atari, 當たり); あたる (ataru, 當たる); あてる (ateru, 當てる); まさに (masani, 當に)
Korean
Hanja
當 (eumhun 마땅할 당 (mattanghal dang))
- Hanja form? of 당 (“appropriate”).
Vietnamese
Han character
當: Hán Nôm readings: đương, đáng, đang
- chữ Hán form of đang (“currently; just; now”).