甲
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Translingual
Stroke order | |||
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Alternative forms
- 𠇚
- 𡴌
Han character
甲 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 田中 (WL), four-corner 60500, composition ⿻日丨 or ⿻囗十)
Derived characters
- 㘡, 𭑱 (⿰女甲), 㳌, 䆘, 䖬, 𰕻, 䘥, 䛅, 匣, 呷, 庘, 柙, 炠, 狎, 玾, 笚, 翈, 胛, 舺, 鉀 (钾), 閘 (闸), 魻, 鴨 (鸭), 𠇺, 𠒛, 𠖹, 𡊠, 𡭵, 𢦦, 𢼓, 𣢗, 𣫹, 𤙇, 𤱋, 𤱢, 𤱣, 𤲍, 𤲰, 𤳅, 𤳵, 𤵭, 𥑐, 𥩫, 𦭖, 𧆥, 𧿵, 𨒇, 𨸺, 𩂘, 𩚲, 𩲳, 𩿼, 𪀋, 𪀌, 𪚧
References
- KangXi: page 758, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21725
- Dae Jaweon: page 1167, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2525, character 1
- Unihan data for U+7532
Chinese
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 甲 | |||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Old Chinese | |
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笚 | *ʔl'aːb, *ɡraːb |
閘 | *klaːb, *sɡreːb, *qraːb |
鉀 | *klaːb, *kraːb |
甲 | *kraːb |
胛 | *kraːb |
岬 | *kraːb |
押 | *kraːb, *qraːb |
玾 | *kraːb |
呷 | *qʰraːb |
匣 | *ɡraːb |
狎 | *ɡraːb |
柙 | *ɡraːb |
翈 | *ɡraːb |
炠 | *ɡraːb |
鴨 | *qraːb |
庘 | *qraːb |
Pictogram (象形) : a turtle shell.
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Etymology 1
simp. and trad. | 甲 | |
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alternative forms | 𠇚 𡴌 𤰒 鉀/钾 |
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *krap (“shell; shield”). Cognate with Tibetan ཁྲབ (khrab, “coat of mail; shield”). Perhaps related to 鞈 (OC *kuːb, *kruːb, “leather jerkin or cuirass”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
Definitions
甲
- shell; carapace
- plate armor
- nail (plate at the end of fingers and toes)
- the first of the ten heavenly stems
- number one; first; A
- pronoun for an unspecified or unknown person or thing
- a surname
Coordinate terms
- (heavenly stems) 天干; 甲, 乙, 丙, 丁, 戊, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸 (Category: zh:Heavenly stems)
Compounds
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Descendants
- → Thai: กาบ (gàap)
- → Zhuang: gyap
Etymology 2
simp. and trad. | 甲 |
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Borrowed from Dutch akker (“field”) or morgen (“morning”).[1]
Pronunciation
Definitions
甲
- (Taiwan) unit of land (area) measure, equivalent to 2,934 坪 (píng) or 0.97 hectares,[2] roughly 2.1 acres
Etymology 3
simp. and trad. | 甲 | |
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alternative forms | 𢓜 徦 到 |
From 到 (kàu).
Pronunciation 1
Definitions
甲 (Min Nan)
- to arrive; to reach
- to; until; to the extent
- 阮將青春嫁置恁兜,阮對少年跟你跟甲老。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
- From: 江蕙 (Jody Chiang), 家後/家后 (Wife)
- Gún chiong chheng-chhun kè tī lín-tau, gún tùi siàu-liân tòe lí tòe kah lāu. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
- I married my youthfulness to you; I followed you from my youth till I'm old.
阮将青春嫁置恁兜,阮对少年跟你跟甲老。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
Pronunciation 2
Definitions
甲
- (Xiamen and Quanzhou Min Nan) very; really; badly
Etymology 4
Probably from 敢 (kám, káⁿ).
Pronunciation
Definitions
甲 (Min Nan)
- how is it that; how could
- 港邊的風將阮的目屎吹乾,卡拉OK甲點一塊快樂的演歌? [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
- From: 詹雅雯, 單身的演歌
- Káng-piⁿ ê hong chiong gún ê ba̍k-sái chhoe ta, kha-lá-ó͘-khe kah tiám chi̍t tè khoài-lo̍k ê ián-kah? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
- The wind at the harbourside blows my tears dry; how could the karaoke choose a happy enka?
港边的风将阮的目屎吹干,卡拉OK甲点一块快乐的演歌? [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
- (Taiwan) since; as
Etymology 5
simp. and trad. | 甲 |
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Pronunciation
Definitions
甲
- (Min Nan) Alternative form of 佮 (kah, kap, “and; with”).
- 山珍海味,啤露甲威士忌,咱坐乎圓圓,大家大賺錢。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
- From: 張秀卿/张秀卿 (Chang Hsiu-ching), 加油 (Gan Ba-De)
- San-tin-hái-bī, bì-lù kah ui-sū-kī, lán chē hō͘ îⁿ-îⁿ, ta̍k-ke tōa thàn-chîⁿ. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
- A feast of great food, beer and whisky, let's sit around and earn big money.
山珍海味,啤露甲威士忌,咱坐乎圆圆,大家大赚钱。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
Pronunciation
Definitions
甲
- (Min Nan) Alternative form of 共 (kā).
- 我欲甲你攬牢牢,因為驚你半暝啊爬起來哭。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
- From: 江蕙 (Jody Chiang), 甲你攬牢牢
- Góa beh kā lí lám-tiâu-tiâu, in-ūi kiaⁿ lí pòaⁿ-mî-á peh--khí-lâi khàu. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
- I want to hug you tight because I fear that you will get up and cry.
我欲甲你揽牢牢,因为惊你半暝啊爬起来哭。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
References
- Andrade, Tonio (2005), “Appendix A: Weights, Measures, and Exchange Rates”, in How Taiwan Became Chinese: Dutch, Spanish and Han Colonization in the Seventeenth Century, Columbia University Press, →ISBN.
- “Entry #1857”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese
Kanji
(common “Jōyō” kanji)
Readings
- Go-on: きょう (kyō)←けふ (kefu, historical)
- Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)←かふ (kafu, historical)
- Kan’yō-on: かん (kan, Jōyō); かっ (ka')←かふ (kafu, historical)
- Kun: よろい (yoroi, 甲)←よろひ (yorofi, historical); つめ (tsume); きのえ (kinoe)
Compounds
- 甲虫 (kōchū): Japanese rhinoceros beetle
- 甲羅 (kōra): shell, carapace
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
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甲 |
こう Grade: S |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 甲 (kæp).
Pronunciation
- On’yomi: Kan’on
- (Tokyo) こー [kóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])
- IPA(key): [ko̞ː]
- Homophones: 鸛, 公, 爻, 功, 巧, 交, 行, 劫, 孝, 更, 抗, 効, 幸, 庚, 侯, 紅, 香, 候, 校, 貢, 項, 項, 綱, 稿, 蝗, 蝗, 薨, 講, 恋う, 請う, 乞う, 恍, 皎, 斯う
Noun
甲 • (kō) ←かふ (kafu)?
- carapace, shell
- something A
- first in rank
- instep or the back of the hand
- the first party
Proper noun
甲 • (Kō)
- the first of the ten heavenly stems
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
甲 |
よろい Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Alternative forms
- 鎧
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) よろい [yòróí] (Heiban – [0])
- IPA(key): [jo̞ɾo̞i]
Noun
甲 • (yoroi) ←よろひ (yorofi)?
- armor
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
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甲 |
かん Grade: S |
kan’yōon |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- Kan’yōyomi
- (Tokyo) かん [kàń] (Heiban – [0])
- IPA(key): [kã̠ɴ]
Noun
甲 • (kan)
- treble range
Etymology 4
Kanji in this term |
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甲 |
きのえ Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
木 (Ki, “Wood”, one of the Five Elements) + の (no, attributive marker) + 兄 (e, “elder brother”)
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) きのえ [kìnóé] (Heiban – [0])
- IPA(key): [kʲino̞e̞]
Proper noun
甲 • (Kinoe)
- the first of the ten heavenly stems
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 甲 (MC kˠap̚). Recorded as Middle Korean 갑〮 (káp) (Yale: kap) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Compare modern Cantonese 甲 (gaap3) and Hakka 甲 (gab5).
Hanja
Wikisource甲 (eumhun 갑옷 갑 (gabot gap))
甲 (eumhun 첫째 천간(天干) 갑 (cheotjjae cheon'gan gap))
- Hanja form? of 갑 (“armor; shell”).
- Hanja form? of 갑 (“the first of the ten heavenly stems; something A”).
Compounds
- 갑옷 (甲옷, gabot, “armor”)
- 둔갑 (遁甲, dun'gap, “transformation”)
- 갑충 (甲蟲, gapchung, “beetle”)
- 갑판 (甲板, gap'pan, “deck”)
- 귀갑 (龜甲, gwigap, “turtleback”)
- 갑각 (甲殼, gapgak, “shell, crust”)
- 갑각류 (甲殼類, gapgangnyu, “crustacean”)
- 장갑 (掌甲, janggap, “glove”)
- 철갑 (鐵甲, cheolgap, “ironclad”)
- 철갑선 (鐵甲船, cheolgapseon, “ironclad (ship)”)
- 철갑상어 (鐵甲沙魚, cheolgapsang'eo, “Chinese sturgeon”)
- 천산갑 (穿山甲, cheonsan'gap, “pangolin”)
- 갑상선 (甲狀腺, gapsangseon, “thyroid gland”)
- 갑골문자 (甲骨文字, gapgolmunja, “oracle bone script”)
- 갑부 (甲富, gapbu, “millionaire”)
- 환갑 (還甲, hwan'gap, “one's 60th birthday”)
- 회갑 (回甲, hoegap, “one's 60th birthday”)
- 갑론을박 (甲論乙駁, gamnoneulbak, “conjecture and refutation”)
Noun
Hanja in this term |
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甲 |
甲 • (gap) (hangeul 갑)
- (in headlines) number one, thus the best
- "가성비甲" 획기적 상품 출시!
- "gaseongbigap" hoekgijeok sangpum chulsi!
- This innovative product is the best bang for your buck!
- (law) something A; the first party
- 상기 乙은 본 문서에 명시된 업무와 관련하여甲에게 근로를 제공한다.
- sanggi eureun myeongsidoen eommuwa gwallyeonhayeo gabege geulloreul jegonghanda.
- The B (employee) indicated above will provide labour to A (employer) according to the tasks indicated in this document.
Usage notes
- A common convention in news headlines or legal documents, these particular senses are often written in the Hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any Hanja.
Antonyms
- ((law) something A; the first party): 乙 (eul, “something B”)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.
Vietnamese
Han character
甲: Hán Nôm readings: giáp, giẹp, kép, nháp, ráp
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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