生命

生命

Chinese

		to be born; to give birth; life to be born; to give birth; life; to grow; student; raw	life; fate
simp. and trad. (生命)		生	命

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shēngmìng

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄥ ㄇㄧㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sang¹ ming⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sên-miang / sâng-miang
• Min Dong (BUC): sĕng-mêng
• Min Nan (POJ): seng-bēng / sng-bēng / seⁿ-miā / siⁿ-miā
• Wu (Wiktionary): sen min (T1)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: shēngmìng
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄥ ㄇㄧㄥˋ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shengminq
    • IPA ^(key): /ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ miŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: sang¹ ming⁶
    • Yale: sāng mihng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sang¹ ming⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: seng¹ ming⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /sɐŋ⁵⁵ mɪŋ²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sên-miang / sâng-miang
    • Hakka Romanization System: sen´ miang / sang´ miang
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sen¹ miang⁴ / sang¹ miang⁴
    • IPA: /sen²⁴⁻¹¹ mi̯aŋ⁵⁵/, /saŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ mi̯aŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sĕng-mêng
    • IPA ^(key): /sɛiŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ mɛiŋ²⁴²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: seng-bēng
    • Tâi-lô: sing-bīng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sengbeng
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɕiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²²/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɕiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪŋ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sng-bēng
    • Tâi-lô: sng-bīng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sngbeng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sŋ̍³³ biɪŋ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: seⁿ-miā
    • Tâi-lô: senn-miā
    • Phofsit Daibuun: svemia
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /sẽ⁴⁴⁻³³ miã³³/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siⁿ-miā
    • Tâi-lô: sinn-miā
    • Phofsit Daibuun: svimia
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɕĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ miã³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: sen min (T1)
    • IPA ^(key): /səɲ⁵⁵ mɪɲ²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /ʃˠæŋ  mˠiæŋ^H/▼

Rime
Character	生	命
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	生 (21)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	庚 (109)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	III
Fanqie	所庚切	眉病切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃˠæŋ/	/mˠiæŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃᵚaŋ/	/mᵚiaŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃaŋ/	/miaŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂaɨjŋ/	/miajŋH/
Li Rong	/ʃɐŋ/	/miɐŋH/
Wang Li	/ʃɐŋ/	/mĭɐŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʂɐŋ/	/mi̯ɐŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shēng	mìng

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*sreŋ  m-riŋ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰleːŋ  mreŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	生	命
Reading #	1/3	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shēng	mìng
Middle Chinese	‹ sræng ›	‹ mjængH ›
Old Chinese	/*sreŋ/ (MC srj- > sr-; or *s.reŋ ?)	/*m-riŋ-s/ (dialect: *m-r- > *mr-, *-iŋ> *-eŋ)
English	bear, be born; live	command (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	生	命
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	11312	8275
Phonetic component	生	令
Rime group	耕	耕
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	生	命
Old Chinese	/*sʰleːŋ/	/*mreŋs/
Notes		令轉註字

Noun

生命

1. (countable, uncountable) life (Classifier: 個／个 m c; 條／条 m c)

   生命寶貴 / 生命宝贵  ―  shēngmìng bǎoguì  ―  life is precious

   浪費生命 / 浪费生命  ―  làngfèi shēngmìng  ―  to waste one's life

   外星生命  ―  wàixīng shēngmìng  ―  extraterrestrial life

   生命的意義 / 生命的意义  ―  shēngmìng de yìyì  ―  the meaning of life

   珍惜生命，拒絕毒品。 [MSC, trad.]
   珍惜生命，拒绝毒品。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhēnxī shēngmìng, jùjué dúpǐn. [Pinyin]

   Cherish life, say no to drugs.

   危及到某人的生命 [MSC, trad. and simp.]

   wēijí dào mǒurén de shēngmìng [Pinyin]

   to endanger someone's life

Synonyms

• 活命 (huómìng)
• 性命 (xìngmìng)

Derived terms

Derived terms from 生命

小生命 (xiǎoshēngmìng) 無生命／无生命 生命保險／生命保险 (shēngmìng bǎoxiǎn) 生命力 (shēngmìnglì) 生命器官 (shēngmìng qìguān) 生命形式 (shēngmìngxíngshì)

生命徵象／生命征象 (shēngmìng zhēngxiàng) 生命教練／生命教练 (shēngmìng jiàoliàn) 生命科學／生命科学 (shēngmìng kēxué) 生命線／生命线 (shēngmìngxiàn) 生命跡象／生命迹象 (shēngmìng jìxiàng) 生命體徵／生命体征 (shēngmìng tǐzhēng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (生命):

• → Japanese: 生 (せい)命 (めい) (seimei)
• → Korean: 생명 (生命, saengmyeong)
• → Vietnamese: sinh mệnh (生命)

See also

• 人生 (rénshēng)
• 生活 (shēnghuó)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
生	命
せい Grade: 1	めい Grade: 3
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Kan’on
  • (Tokyo) せ​ーめー [séꜜèmèè] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
  • IPA^(key): [se̞ːme̞ː]

Noun

生命 (hiragana せいめい, rōmaji seimei)

1. life; one's existence

See also

• Appendix:Gikun_Usage_in_Meiji_Version_of_Japanese_Bible/生命

References

1. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

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Korean

Hanja in this term
生	命

Noun

生命 • (saengmyeong) (hangeul 생명)

1. Hanja form^? of 생명 (“life”).

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Vietnamese

Hán tự in this word
生	命

Noun

生命

1. Hán tự form of sinh mệnh (“life”).