瑞

瑞

瑞 U+745E, 瑞 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-745E ← 瑝 [U+745D] CJK Unified Ideographs 瑟 → [U+745F]

Translingual

Han character

瑞 (radical 96, 玉+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一土山一月 (MGUMB), four-corner 1212₇, composition ⿰𤣩耑)

References

• KangXi: page 738, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21131
• Dae Jaweon: page 1148, character 28
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1126, character 10
• Unihan data for U+745E

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		瑞

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 瑞
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu Slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (耑) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
揣	*toːlʔ, *sʰrolʔ
褍	*toːlʔ, *toːn
惴	*tjols
圌	*djol, *djon
篅	*djol, *djon
瑞	*djols
端	*toːn
剬	*toːn, *tjonʔ
偳	*toːn, *tʰoːn
鍴	*toːn
耑	*toːn
踹	*toːns, *djonʔ
湍	*tʰoːn, *tjon
煓	*tʰoːn
貒	*tʰoːn, *tʰoːns
諯	*stʰons, *tjon, *tʰjons, *djon
顓	*tjon
喘	*tʰjonʔ
遄	*djon
輲	*djon
椯	*djon
歂	*djon, *djonʔ
腨	*djonʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *djols) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 耑 (OC *toːn).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): ruì (rui⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨㄟˋ

  (Chengdu, SP): sui⁴ / rui⁴

• Cantonese (Jyutping): seoi⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sui
• Min Bei (KCR): sṳ̄
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): sūi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sui⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: ruì
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄨㄟˋ
    • Wade–Giles: jui⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ruey
    • IPA ^(key): /ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: sui⁴ / rui⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: sui / rhui
    • IPA ^(key): /suei²¹³/, /zuei²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: seoi⁶
    • Yale: seuih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soey⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: sêu⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /sɵy̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sui
    • Hakka Romanization System: sui
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sui⁴
    • IPA: /su̯i⁵⁵/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sṳ̄
    • IPA ^(key): /sy⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sūi
    • Tâi-lô: suī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sui
    • IPA (Xiamen): /sui²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sui⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /sui²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /sui³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /sui³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sui⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sŭi
    • IPA ^(key): /sui³⁵/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 瑞
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʐuei⁵¹/
	Harbin	/luei²¹³/ /ʐuei²¹³/
	Tianjin	/ʐuei⁵³/
	Jinan	/luei²¹/
	Qingdao	/ʂue⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʐuei³¹²/
	Xi'an	/fei⁴⁴/
	Xining	/fɨ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/ʐuei¹³/
	Lanzhou	/fei¹³/
	Ürümqi	/vei²¹³/
	Wuhan	/suei³⁵/
	Chengdu	/suei¹³/ /zuei¹³/
	Guiyang	/suei²¹³/
	Kunming	/ʂuei²¹²/
	Nanjing	/ʐuəi⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/ʂue⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/zuei⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/suei³⁵/
	Hohhot	/ʐuei⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/zø²³/
	Suzhou	/ze³¹/
	Hangzhou	/zz̩ʷei¹³/
	Wenzhou	/zz̩²²/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕye²²/
	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕyei⁵⁵/
	Xiangtan	/ɕyəi⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/sui²¹/ ～金
Hakka	Meixian	/sui⁵³/
	Taoyuan	/sui⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/søy²²/
	Nanning	/sui²²/
	Hong Kong	/søy²²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/sui²²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/suɔi²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/sy⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/sui³⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/sui³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /d͡ʑiuᴇ^H/▼

Rime
Character	瑞
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	支 (12)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	是僞切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiuᴇH/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑʷiɛH/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjuɛH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑwiə̆H/
Li Rong	/ʑiueH/
Wang Li	/ʑǐweH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʑwie̯H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shuì

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]or-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*djols/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	瑞
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	ruì
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyweH ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]or-s/
English	jade tablet
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	瑞
Reading #	1/1
No.	2499
Phonetic component	耑
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	睡
Old Chinese	/*djols/

Definitions

瑞

1. ^† token made of jade
2. auspicious omen
3. auspicious
4. A surname​.

Compounds

人瑞 (rénruì) 仁瑞 仙蒂瑞拉 六瑞 國家祥瑞／国家祥瑞 國瑞／国瑞 天中五瑞 天瑞 委內瑞拉／委内瑞拉 (Wěinèiruìlā) 格瑞那達／格瑞那达 (Géruìnàdá) 海瑞罷官／海瑞罢官 瑞兆 瑞典 (Ruìdiǎn) 瑞典王國／瑞典王国 瑞士 (Ruìshì)

瑞士聯邦／瑞士联邦 瑞徵／瑞征 瑞應／瑞应 瑞氣／瑞气 瑞氣祥雲／瑞气祥云 瑞爾／瑞尔 (ruì'ěr) 瑞獸／瑞兽 瑞玉 瑞相 瑞穗 (Ruìsuì) 瑞穗鄉／瑞穗乡 瑞符 瑞簽／瑞签 瑞腦／瑞脑 瑞芝

瑞芳 (Ruìfāng) 瑞草 (ruìcǎo) 瑞雪 (ruìxuě) 瑞雲／瑞云 瑞靄／瑞霭 瑞香 瑞麥／瑞麦 皮瑞 祥瑞 (xiángruì) 祥雲瑞彩／祥云瑞彩 (Xiáng yún ruì cǎi) 祥雲瑞氣／祥云瑞气 祥麟瑞鳳／祥麟瑞凤 符瑞 賴比瑞亞／赖比瑞亚 (Làibǐruìyà) 門闌藹瑞／门阑蔼瑞

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Japanese

Kanji

瑞

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. congratulations

Readings

• Go-on: ずい (zui)
• Kan-on: すい (sui)
• Kun: みず (mizu, 瑞)^{←みづ (midu, historical)}; しるし (shirushi, 瑞); みつ (mitsu, 瑞); たま (tama, 瑞); めでたい (medetai, 瑞い)

Compounds

• 瑞気
• 瑞祥
• 瑞西
• 瑞兆
• 瑞鶴
• 瑞夢
• 瑞垣
• 瑞穂国

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Korean

Hanja

瑞 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ, Yale se)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

瑞 (thuỵ, thụy)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.