班
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Translingual
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Han character
班 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一土戈中土 (MGILG), four-corner 11114, composition ⿲𤣩刂王)
References
- KangXi: page 731, character 19
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20976
- Dae Jaweon: page 1142, character 29
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1113, character 3
- Unihan data for U+73ED
Chinese
| trad. | 班 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 班 | |
| alternative forms | 𤤻 𣪂 | |
Glyph origin
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 班 | *praːn |
| 斑 | *praːn |
Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 玨 (“two jade”) + 刀 (“knife”) – to cut jade to pieces with knife.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(b/p)ral (“to leave, depart, separate”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan བྲལ་བ་ (bral ba, “to be separated”), [script needed] ('phral.ba, “to cause to be separated, to separate”), Miju phɑ̆l⁵³ (“to pull (weeds)”), phɹɯl⁵⁵ lɑ³⁵ (“to collapse”), Thulung phal si- (“to collapse”), Burmese ပြား (pra:, “various”), Jingpho pə³¹-ran³¹.
Karlgren (1933) grouped 班 (OC *praːn), 半 (OC *paːns), and 釆 (OC *brens) into one word family.
Schuessler (2007) also pointed to Austroasiatic comparanda semantically closer to Chinese; such as Khmer រាល (riəl, “to spread, extend, distribute”) and Khmer ព្រាល (priəl, “to spread”) with causative prefix *p-.
Possibly the same etymon as 斑 (OC *praːn, “variegated, spotted, striped”), which may be cognate to 羆 (OC *pral, “brown bear”) (Zhang, 2019).
Pronunciation
Definitions
班
- group; party; class
- (military) squad
- shift; work shift
- Classifier for a group of people.
- 跟班friend hea到天光 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
- From: Beyond, 遊戲
- gan1 baan1 friend hea dou3 tin1 gwong1 [Jyutping]
- hanging with friends until dawn
- Classifier for scheduled forms of transportation, such as flights and trains.
- Alternative form of 斑 (bān, “spotted; striped”).
Usage notes
- (military): Under the National Revolutionary Army, a platoon (排) was composed of three squads. With the infantry, the infantry squad would be composed of 14 soldiers, of 10 riflemen, and one light machine gun unit.
Compounds
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Descendants
- → Japanese: 班 (han)
- → Korean: 반(班) (ban)
- → Vietnamese: ban (班)
References
- “班”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學／香港中文大学 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
| Shinjitai | 班 |  |
| Kyūjitai [1] | 班󠄁 班+ 󠄁?(Adobe-Japan1) |  |
| 班󠄃 班+ 󠄃?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. | ||
Kanji
(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)
- group, party, section
Readings
- Go-on: へん (hen)
- Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)
- Kun: かえす (kaesu, 班す); しく (shiku, 班く); わかつ (wakatsu, 班つ); わける (wakeru, 班ける)
- Nanori: つら (tsura); なか (naka); ひとし (hitoshi)
Pronunciation
- On’yomi: Kan’on
- (Tokyo) はん [háꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[2][3]
- IPA(key): [hã̠ɴ]
Suffix
班 • (-han)
- group, party
- (military) section
References
- 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1431 (paper), page 766 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)
- 2011, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Seventh Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
班 (eumhun 나눌 반 (nanul ban))
- Hanja form? of 반 (“group; class”).
Vietnamese
Han character
班: Hán Nôm readings: ban, băn
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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