珍珠

珍珠

Chinese

		precious thing; treasure	pearl; bead
simp. and trad. (珍珠)		珍	珠
alternative forms		真珠 obsolete

Etymology

Pearls were previously called 真珠 (zhēnzhū, “true pearls”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zhēnzhū

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄣ ㄓㄨ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җынҗў (žɨnžw, I-I)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zan¹ zyu¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chṳ̂n-chû

  (Meixian, Guangdong): jin¹ zu¹

• Min Dong (BUC): dĭng-ciŏ / cĭng-ciŏ
• Min Nan (POJ): chin-chu / tin-chu
• Wu (Wiktionary): tsen tsr (T1)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhēnzhū
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄣ ㄓㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhenjhu
    • Wade–Giles: chên¹-chu¹
    • Yale: jēn-jū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenju
    • Palladius: чжэньчжу (čžɛnʹčžu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җынҗў (žɨnžw, I-I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂəŋ²⁴ ʈ͡ʂu²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zan¹ zyu¹
    • Yale: jān jyū
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzan¹ dzy¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zen¹ ju¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐn⁵⁵ t͡ʃyː⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ̂n-chû
    • Hakka Romanization System: ziin´ zu´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zin¹ zu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨn²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: jin¹ zu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡ɕin⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dĭng-ciŏ / cĭng-ciŏ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiŋ⁵⁵ ^(t͡s-)ʒuo⁵⁵/, /t͡siŋ⁵⁵ ^(t͡s-)ʒuo⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chin-chu
    • Tâi-lô: tsin-tsu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cinzw
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕin³³ t͡su³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tin-chu
    • Tâi-lô: tin-tsu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dinzw
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tin³³ t͡su³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴⁴/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: tsen tsr (T1)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡səɲ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /ʈˠiɪn  t͡ɕɨo/

Rime
Character	珍	珠
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	知 (9)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	眞 (44)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	陟鄰切	章俱切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈˠiɪn/	/t͡ɕɨo/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈᵚin/	/t͡ɕio/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶien/	/t͡ɕio/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈjin/	/cuə̆/
Li Rong	/ȶjĕn/	/t͡ɕio/
Wang Li	/ȶǐĕn/	/t͡ɕĭu/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶi̯ĕn/	/t͡ɕi̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhēn	zhū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zan1	zyu1

Noun

珍珠

1. pearl (gem) (Classifier: 粒; 顆／颗 m)
2. tapioca pearl (Classifier: 粒; 顆／颗 m)

Synonyms

• (pearl):

edit

明珠 (míngzhū) (shiny pearl) 珠仔 (Hakka)

珠子 (zhūzi) 珠璣／珠玑 (zhūjī)

Derived terms

珍珠奶茶 (zhēnzhū nǎichá) 珍珠岩 珍珠母 (zhēnzhūmǔ) 珍珠港 (Zhēnzhūgǎng) 珍珠粉 (zhēnzhūfěn)

珍珠草 珍珠菜 珍珠霜 (zhēnzhūshuāng) 珍珠貝／珍珠贝

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (真珠, 珍珠):

• → Japanese: 真珠(しんじゅ) (shinju)
• → Korean: 진주(眞珠, 珍珠)
• → Vietnamese: trân châu (真珠, 珍珠) (see there for further descendants)

Others:

• → Turkic:
  • Azerbaijani: inci
  • Bashkir: ынйы (ınyı)
  • Tatar: энҗе (ence)
  • Turkish: inci
  • Uzbek: inju
  • → Hungarian: gyöngy
  • → Russian: же́мчуг (žémčug) (see there for further descendants)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
珍	珠
ちん Grade: S	じゅ Grade: S
on’yomi

Proper noun

珍(ちん)珠(じゅ) • (Chinju) 

1. a surname

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Korean

Hanja in this term
珍	珠

Noun

珍珠 • (jinju) (hangeul 진주)

1. Hanja form^? of 진주 (“pearl”).

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Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
珍	珠

Noun

珍珠

1. chữ Hán form of trân châu (“pearl”).