狼藉

狼藉

Chinese

		wolf	by means of; in disorder
simp. and trad. (狼藉)		狼	藉
alternative forms		狼籍

Etymology

First attested in Records of the Grand Historian.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lángjí

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄤˊ ㄐㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): long⁴ zik⁶
• Min Nan (POJ): lông-che̍k / lông-chi̍p / lông-chek

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lángjí
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄤˊ ㄐㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lángjí
    • Wade–Giles: lang²-chi²
    • Yale: láng-jí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: langjyi
    • Palladius: ланцзи (lanczi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: long⁴ zik⁶
    • Yale: lòhng jihk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: long⁴ dzik⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: long⁴ jig⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔːŋ²¹ t͡sɪk̚²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lông-che̍k
    • Tâi-lô: lông-tsi̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: longzek
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lɔŋ¹³⁻²² t͡ɕiɪk̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡ɕiɪk̚⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lông-chi̍p
    • Tâi-lô: lông-tsi̍p
    • Phofsit Daibuun: longcip
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡ɕip̚²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lông-chek
    • Tâi-lô: lông-tsik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: longzeg
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡ɕiɪk̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡ɕiɪk̚³²/

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• Middle Chinese: /lɑŋ  d͡ziᴇk̚/

Rime
Character	狼	藉
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)	清 (123)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	魯當切	秦昔切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑŋ/	/d͡ziᴇk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑŋ/	/d͡ziɛk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑŋ/	/d͡ziæk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/laŋ/	/d͡ziajk̚/
Li Rong	/lɑŋ/	/d͡ziɛk̚/
Wang Li	/lɑŋ/	/d͡zĭɛk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/lɑŋ/	/d͡zʱi̯ɛk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	láng	jí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	long4	zik6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤaŋ  [dz]Ak/

  (Zhengzhang): /*raːŋ  zjaːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	狼	藉
Reading #	1/1	1/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	láng	jí
Middle Chinese	‹ lang ›	‹ dzjek ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]ˁaŋ/	/*[dz]Ak/
English	wolf	tribute (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	狼	藉
Reading #	1/1	2/2
No.	8019	13304
Phonetic component	良	昔
Rime group	陽	鐸
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	郎	籍
Old Chinese	/*raːŋ/	/*zjaːɡ/
Notes	甲文作𤜪

Adjective

狼藉

1. disorderly; messy; disorganised
2. hopelessly discredited

Synonyms

• (disorderly):

edit

Synonyms of 狼藉

狼戾 (lánglì) (literary, Hakka) 狼狼戾戾 (Hakka) 紊 (wěn) (literary, or in compounds) 一塌糊塗／一塌糊涂 (yītāhútú) 亂／乱 (luàn) 亂七八糟／乱七八糟 (luànqībāzāo) 亂雜／乱杂 (luànzá) (literary) 凌亂／凌乱 (língluàn) 嘈亂／嘈乱 (cáoluàn) (literary, of sound) 大鼎炒狗蟻／大鼎炒狗蚁 (Hokkien) 挐亂／挐乱 (Min Nan) 擾擾／扰扰 (rǎorǎo) 散亂／散乱 (sǎnluàn) 有七無八／有七无八 (Min Nan) 殽亂／淆乱 (xiáoluàn) (literary) 混亂／混乱 (hùnluàn)

烏七八糟／乌七八糟 (wūqībāzāo) 烏哩單刀／乌哩单刀 (Cantonese) 無序／无序 (wúxù) 狼藉 (lángjí) 立立亂／立立乱 (Cantonese) 糊塗／糊涂 (hútu) 糾紛／纠纷 (jiūfēn) (literary) 紊亂／紊乱 (wěnluàn) 紛亂／纷乱 (fēnluàn) 紛雜／纷杂 (fēnzá) (literary) 繚亂／缭乱 (liáoluàn) (formal) 肆亂／肆乱 (sìluàn) (literary) 荊棘／荆棘 (jīngjí) (literary, figurative) 蕪雜／芜杂 (wúzá) 雜亂／杂乱 (záluàn) 鬼打樣／鬼打样 (Hakka)

Derived terms

出醜狼藉／出丑狼藉 杯盤狼藉／杯盘狼藉 (bēipánlángjí)

聲名狼藉／声名狼藉 (shēngmínglángjí) 贓汙狼藉／赃污狼藉

See also

• 狼狽／狼狈 (lángbèi)
• 狼戾 (lánglì)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
狼	藉
ろう Jinmeiyō	せき > ぜき Hyōgaiji
on’yomi	kan’on

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
• (Tokyo) ろーぜき [ròózékí] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [ɾo̞ːze̞kʲi]

Noun

狼(ろう)藉(ぜき) • (rōzeki) ^{←らうぜき (rauzeki)?}

1. violence, outrage
2. riot, confusion, disorder

Derived terms

• 狼(ろう)藉(ぜき)者(もの) (rōzekimono)

Verb

狼(ろう)藉(ぜき)する • (rōzeki suru) ^{←らうぜき (rauzeki)?} intransitive suru (stem 狼(ろう)藉(ぜき)し (rōzeki shi), past 狼(ろう)藉(ぜき)した (rōzeki shita))

1. to riot

Conjugation

Conjugation of "狼藉する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	狼藉し	ろうぜきし	rōzeki shi
Continuative (連用形)	狼藉し	ろうぜきし	rōzeki shi
Terminal (終止形)	狼藉する	ろうぜきする	rōzeki suru
Attributive (連体形)	狼藉する	ろうぜきする	rōzeki suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	狼藉すれ	ろうぜきすれ	rōzeki sure
Imperative (命令形)	狼藉せよ¹ 狼藉しろ²	ろうぜきせよ¹ ろうぜきしろ²	rōzeki seyo¹ rōzeki shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	狼藉される	ろうぜきされる	rōzeki sareru
Causative	狼藉させる 狼藉さす	ろうぜきさせる ろうぜきさす	rōzeki saseru rōzeki sasu
Potential	狼藉できる	ろうぜきできる	rōzeki dekiru
Volitional	狼藉しよう	ろうぜきしよう	rōzeki shiyō
Negative	狼藉しない	ろうぜきしない	rōzeki shinai
Negative continuative	狼藉せず	ろうぜきせず	rōzeki sezu
Formal	狼藉します	ろうぜきします	rōzeki shimasu
Perfective	狼藉した	ろうぜきした	rōzeki shita
Conjunctive	狼藉して	ろうぜきして	rōzeki shite
Hypothetical conditional	狼藉すれば	ろうぜきすれば	rōzeki sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Adjective

狼(ろう)藉(ぜき) • (rōzeki) ^{←らうぜき (rauzeki)? †}-tari (adnominal 狼(ろう)藉(ぜき)たる (rōzeki taru), adverbial 狼(ろう)藉(ぜき)と (rōzeki to) or 狼(ろう)藉(ぜき)として (rōzeki to shite))
狼(ろう)藉(ぜき) • (rōzeki) ^{←らうぜき (rauzeki)? †}-nari

1. disorderly; untidy

Inflection

Classical conjugation of "狼藉たり" (タリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	狼藉たら	ろうぜきたら	rouzekitara
Continuative (連用形)	狼藉と[1] 狼藉たり[2]	ろうぜきと ろうぜきたり	rouzekito rouzekitari
Terminal (終止形)	狼藉たり	ろうぜきたり	rouzekitari
Attributive (連体形)	狼藉たる	ろうぜきたる	rouzekitaru
Realis (已然形)	狼藉たれ	ろうぜきたれ	rouzekitare
Imperative (命令形)	狼藉たれ	ろうぜきたれ	rouzekitare
Key constructions
Negative	狼藉たらず	ろうぜきたらず	rouzekitarazu
Contrasting conjunction	狼藉たれど	ろうぜきたれど	rouzekitaredo
Causal conjunction	狼藉たれば	ろうぜきたれば	rouzekitareba
Conditional conjunction	狼藉たらば	ろうぜきたらば	rouzekitaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	狼藉たりき	ろうぜきたりき	rouzekitariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	狼藉たりけり	ろうぜきたりけり	rouzekitarikeri
Adverbial	狼藉と	ろうぜきと	rouzekito
[1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb.

Classical conjugation of "狼藉なり" (ナリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	狼藉なら	ろうぜきなら	rouzekinara
Continuative (連用形)	狼藉に[1] 狼藉なり[2]	ろうぜきに ろうぜきなり	rouzekini rouzekinari
Terminal (終止形)	狼藉なり	ろうぜきなり	rouzekinari
Attributive (連体形)	狼藉なる	ろうぜきなる	rouzekinaru
Realis (已然形)	狼藉なれ	ろうぜきなれ	rouzekinare
Imperative (命令形)	狼藉なれ	ろうぜきなれ	rouzekinare
Key constructions
Negative	狼藉ならず	ろうぜきならず	rouzekinarazu
Contrasting conjunction	狼藉なれど	ろうぜきなれど	rouzekinaredo
Causal conjunction	狼藉なれば	ろうぜきなれば	rouzekinareba
Conditional conjunction	狼藉ならば	ろうぜきならば	rouzekinaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	狼藉なりき	ろうぜきなりき	rouzekinariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	狼藉なりけり	ろうぜきなりけり	rouzekinarikeri
Adverbial	狼藉に	ろうぜきに	rouzekini
[1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb.

References

1. 2011, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Seventh Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN