牛馬走
Chinese
| oxen and horses; beasts of burden | to walk; to go; to move to walk; to go; to move; to leave | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (牛馬走) | 牛馬 | 走 | |
| simp. (牛马走) | 牛马 | 走 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Pinyin): niúmǎzǒu
- (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄇㄚˇ ㄗㄡˇ
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ngau4 maa5 zau2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin: niúmǎzǒu [Phonetic: niúmázǒu]
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄇㄚˇ ㄗㄡˇ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nioumaatzoou
- IPA (key): /ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡soʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ngau4 maa5 zau2
- Yale: ngàuh máh jáu
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngau4 maa5 dzau2
- Guangdong Romanization: ngeo4 ma5 zeo2
- IPA (key): /ŋɐu̯²¹ mäː¹³ t͡sɐu̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Middle Chinese: /ŋɨu mˠaX t͡səuX|t͡səuH/▼
| Rime | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 牛 | 馬 | 走 | 走 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) | 明 (4) | 精 (13) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 麻 (98) | 侯 (137) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | II | I | I |
| Fanqie | 語求切 | 莫下切 | 子苟切 | 則候切 |
| Reconstructions | ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ŋɨu/ | /mˠaX/ | /t͡səuX/ | /t͡səuH/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ŋiu/ | /mᵚaX/ | /t͡səuX/ | /t͡səuH/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ŋiəu/ | /maX/ | /t͡səuX/ | /t͡səuH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ŋuw/ | /maɨX/ | /t͡səwX/ | /t͡səwH/ |
| Li Rong | /ŋiu/ | /maX/ | /t͡suX/ | /t͡suH/ |
| Wang Li | /ŋĭəu/ | /maX/ | /t͡səuX/ | /t͡səuH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ŋi̯ə̯u/ | /maX/ | /t͡sə̯uX/ | /t͡sə̯uH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yú | mǎ | zǒu | zòu |
- Old Chinese▼
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ]ʷə mˤraʔ [ts]ˤoʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋʷɯ mraːʔ ʔsoːʔ|ʔsoːs/
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 牛 | 馬 | 走 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | niú | mǎ | zǒu |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ngjuw › | ‹ mæX › | ‹ tsuwX › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ŋ]ʷə/ (< uvular?) | /*mˁraʔ/ | /*[ts]ˁoʔ/ |
| English | ox | horse | run |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 牛 | 馬 | 走 | 走 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 9564 | 8715 | 17906 | 17907 |
| Phonetic component | 牛 | 馬 | 走 | 走 |
| Rime group | 之 | 魚 | 侯 | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 牛 | 馬 | 走 | 奏 |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋʷɯ/ | /*mraːʔ/ | /*ʔsoːʔ/ | /*ʔsoːs/ |
Noun
牛馬走
- (self-deprecating) servant tending the oxen and horses