牆外

牆外

Chinese

		wall	outside; in addition; foreign outside; in addition; foreign; external
trad. (牆外)		牆	外
simp. (墙外)		墙	外

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qiángwài

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄤˊ ㄨㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng⁴ ngoi⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhiòng-ngoi

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiángwài
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄤˊ ㄨㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ciángwài
    • Wade–Giles: chʻiang²-wai⁴
    • Yale: chyáng-wài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyangway
    • Palladius: цянвай (cjanvaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰjɑŋ³⁵ waɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: coeng⁴ ngoi⁶
    • Yale: chèuhng ngoih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng⁴ ngoi⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: cêng⁴ ngoi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃʰœːŋ²¹ ŋɔːi̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhiòng-ngoi
    • Hakka Romanization System: qiongˇ ngoi
    • Hagfa Pinyim: qiong² ngoi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡ɕʰi̯oŋ¹¹ ŋoi̯⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /d͡zɨɐŋ  ŋuɑi^H/

Rime
Character	牆	外
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	泰 (26)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	在良切	五會切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡zɨɐŋ/	/ŋuɑiH/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ziɐŋ/	/ŋʷɑiH/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ziɑŋ/	/ŋuɑiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zɨaŋ/	/ŋwajH/
Li Rong	/d͡ziaŋ/	/ŋuɑiH/
Wang Li	/d͡zĭaŋ/	/ŋuɑiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡zʱi̯aŋ/	/ŋuɑiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiáng	wèi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	coeng4	ngoi6

Noun

牆外

1. (literally) outside the wall
2. (Mainland China Internet slang) the world “outside” the Great Firewall; websites blocked by the Great Firewall; overseas network

   • 比如在香港形勢很不好的時候，很多曱甴（對暴亂參與者的蔑稱）還混到微博上來，有的反串，有的搞他們所謂的文宣，在牆外這種策劃是明目張膽的，但是我們怎麼提防這種問題目前並沒有明確的辦法。 [MSC, trad.]
     比如在香港形势很不好的时候，很多曱甴（对暴乱参与者的蔑称）还混到微博上来，有的反串，有的搞他们所谓的文宣，在墙外这种策划是明目张胆的，但是我们怎么提防这种问题目前并没有明确的办法。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 2020 May 1, 刘志宇 (Liu Zhiyu), 《媒介伦理视角下的微博群体传播研究 ——基于对意见领袖的访谈》 (thesis), Wuhan: Central China Normal University, page 57

     Bǐrú zài Xiānggǎng xíngshì hěn bùhǎo de shíhòu, hěnduō 曱甴 (duì bàoluàn cānyǔzhě de mièchēng) hái hùn dào Wēibó shàng lái, yǒude fǎnchuàn, yǒude gǎo tāmen suǒwèi de wénxuān, zài qiángwài zhè zhǒng cèhuà shì míngmùzhāngdǎn de, dànshì wǒmen zěnme dīfáng zhè zhǒng wèntí mùqián bìng méiyǒu míngquè de bànfǎ. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this example)

Antonyms

• 牆內／墙内