照

See also: 炤

照	U+7167, 照 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7167

← 煦
[U+7166]

CJK Unified Ideographs

煨 →
[U+7168]

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han character

照 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 日口火 (ARF), four-corner 6733₆, composition ⿱昭灬)

Derived characters

燳, 𬡰, 𬪸, 𥵕

Related characters

炤 (Variant form)

References

KangXi: page 677, character 36
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19226
Dae Jaweon: page 1089, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2221, character 1
Unihan data for U+7167

Chinese

simp. and trad.		照
2nd round simp.		⿱𭕄一
alternative forms		燳曌 in Wu Zetian's name 瞾 alternative form of Wu Zetian's name 炤

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (刀) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
刀	*taːw
忉	*taːw
魛	*taːw
舠	*taːw
朷	taːw, moːɡ
叨	tuːw, l̥ʰaːw
倒	taːwʔ, taːws
到	*taːws
菿	taːws, rtaːwɢ
鞀	*deːw
鳭	rteːw, teːw
灱	*hreːw
菬	sdew, tjewʔ
超	*tʰew
怊	tʰew, tʰjew
欩	*tʰew
召	dews, djews
昭	*tjew
招	*tjew
鉊	*tjew
沼	*tjewʔ
照	*tjews
詔	*tjews
炤	*tjews
弨	tʰjew, tʰjewʔ
眧	*tʰjewʔ
韶	*djew
佋	djew, djewʔ
軺	djew, lew
玿	*djew
柖	*djew
紹	*djewʔ
袑	*djewʔ
綤	*djewʔ
邵	*djews
劭	*djews
卲	*djews
刁	*teːw
芀	teːw, deːw
貂	*teːw
蛁	*teːw
迢	*deːw
苕	*deːw
髫	*deːw
岧	*deːw

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tjews) : semantic 灬 (“fire”) + phonetic 昭 (OC *tjew) – shine the light of a fire on.

Etymology

Exoactive of 昭 (OC *tjew, “bright”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zhào (zhao⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄓㄠˋ
(Chengdu, SP): zao⁴
(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җо (žo, III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): ziu³
(Taishan, Wiktionary): ziau¹
Gan (Wiktionary): zeu⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): cheu
(Meixian, Guangdong): zau⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): zau³
Min Bei (KCR): ciāu
Min Dong (BUC): ciéu
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chiàu / chiò
(Teochew, Peng'im): zio³ / ziê³ / ziao³ / ziou³
Wu (Wiktionary): tsau (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhào
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhào
  - Wade–Giles: chao⁴
  - Yale: jàu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jaw
  - Palladius: чжао (čžao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: zao⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zao
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sau²¹³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җо (žo, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɔ⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: ziu³
  - Yale: jiu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dziu³
  - Guangdong Romanization: jiu³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siːu̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ziau¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siau³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: zeu⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛu³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: cheu
  - Hakka Romanization System: zeu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zeu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡seu̯⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zau⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sau⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: zau³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sau⁴⁵/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ciāu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siau⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ciéu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siɛu²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiàu
  - Tâi-lô: tsiàu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciaux
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕiau¹¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡ɕiau⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiau²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiò
  - Tâi-lô: tsiò
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cioix
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡ɕio⁴¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiɤ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕio¹¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕio²¹/

Note:

chiàu - literary;
chiò - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zio³ / ziê³ / ziao³ / ziou³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiò / tsiè / tsiàu / tsiòu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sio²¹³/, /t͡sie²¹³/, /t͡siau²¹³/, /t͡siou²¹³/

Note:

zio3/ziê3 - vernacular (ziê3 - Chaozhou);
ziao3/ziou3 - literary (ziou3 - Chaozhou).

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: tsau (T2)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔ³⁴/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕiᴇu^H/

Rime
Character	照
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	之少切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiᴇu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɛu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjæu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ciaw^H/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiɛu^H/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭɛu^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ɛu^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ziu³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*taw-s/
(Zhengzhang): /*tjews/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	照
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhào
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyew^H ›
Old Chinese	/*taw-s/
English	shine on
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	照
Reading #	1/1
No.	2132
Phonetic component	刀
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	沼
Old Chinese	/*tjews/

Definitions

照

to shine upon; to illuminate
- 雪白明月照在大地 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
  From: 伍佰, 挪威的森林
  Xuěbái míngyuè zhào zài dàdì [Pinyin]
  The bright moon white as snow illuminates the earth
to reflect; to look (in the mirror)
to contrast; to compare
to notify; to inform
to take care of
- 你唔使驚，有大人喺度照住。 [Cantonese, trad.]
  你唔使惊，有大人喺度照住。 [Cantonese, simp.]
  From: 1994, Stephen Chow, in Hail the Judge
  nei⁵ m⁴ sai² geng¹, jau⁵ daai⁶ jan⁴ hai² dou⁶ ziu³ zyu⁶. [Jyutping]
  You do not need to be afraid. I am here providing protection [to you].
to take a photo
sunshine; sunlight
photo; photograph; picture
結婚照／结婚照 ― jiéhūnzhào ― wedding photo
license; permit
according to; as; in accordance with
regardless; anyway; continue to
唔應該食嘅都照食落去 [Cantonese, trad.]
唔应该食嘅都照食落去 [Cantonese, simp.]
m⁴ jing¹ goi¹ sik⁶ ge³ dou¹ ziu³ sik⁶ lok⁶ heoi³ [Jyutping]
to eat something one shouldn't eat anyway
towards; to

Synonyms

(to shine upon): 反射 (fǎnshè), 映 (yìng)

Compounds

Derived terms from 照

仿照 (fǎngzhào)
依照 (yīzhào)
光照 (guāngzhào)
刷照
反照 (fǎnzhào)
合照 (hézhào)
吉星高照
四照花
回光返照
在此存照
垂照
埋照
夕照 (xīzhào)
天照大神 (Tiānzhào Dàshén)
奎星高照
存照
察照
小照
建照
彩照 (cǎizhào)
彩色照
心照 (xīnzhào)
心照不宣 (xīnzhàobùxuān)
心照神交
快照 (kuàizhào)
恩星照命
手照
打照面
拍照 (pāizhào)
按照 (ànzhào)
援照
斜照
方照
日照 (rìzhào)
映照 (yìngzhào)
晚照
普照 (pǔzhào)
朗照
查照 (cházhào)
比照 (bǐzhào)
照乘珠
照亮 (zhàoliàng)
照付
照例 (zhàolì)
照像
照光
照前
照壁
照子
照射 (zhàoshè)
照帖
照常 (zhàocháng)
照度 (zhàodù)
照抄 (zhàochāo)
照拂 (zhàofú)
照排
照提
照搬 (zhàobān)
照收
照料 (zhàoliào)
照明 (zhàomíng)
照明器具
照映
照望
照本宣科 (zhàoběnxuānkē)
照片 (zhàopiàn)
照片子 (zhào piānzi)
照理 (zhàolǐ)
照直 (zhàozhí)
照相 (zhàoxiàng)
照相凸版
照相凹版
照相平版

照相打字
照相版
照相著色
照看 (zhàokàn)
照眼
照票
照章 (zhàozhāng)
照等
照算
照管 (zhàoguǎn)
照耀 (zhàoyào)
照肺 (zhàofèi)
照袋
照面
燃糠照薪
燃糠自照
牌照 (páizhào)
犀照
玉照 (yùzhào)
生活照 (shēnghuózhào)
知照
福星高照 (fúxīnggāozhào)
立此存照
翻照
落照
行照
表照
裸照 (luǒzhào)
返照 (fǎnzhào)
返照回光
遵照 (zūnzhào)
部照
高照
照准
劇照／剧照 (jùzhào)
參照／参照 (cānzhào)
國際駕照／国际驾照
執照／执照 (zhízhào)
外交照會／外交照会
多謝關照／多谢关照
大頭照／大头照 (dàtóuzhào)
嬌花照水／娇花照水
孤鸞照命／孤鸾照命
安寧照顧／安宁照顾
定裝照／定装照
寫照／写照 (xiězhào)
對照／对照 (duìzhào)
建築執照／建筑执照
憑照／凭照
戲照／戏照
打個照會／打个照会
打個照面／打个照面
打照會／打照会
打裡照外／打里照外
探照燈／探照灯 (tànzhàodēng)
數位照像／数位照像
日照權／日照权
普通護照／普通护照
殘照／残照 (cánzhào)
無照駕駛／无照驾驶
照例話／照例话
照價／照价
照價徵稅／照价征税
照價收買／照价收买
照入籤／照入签
照冊／照册 (Zhàocè)
照功行賞／照功行赏
照單全收／照单全收
照夜璣／照夜玑 (zhàoyèjī)
照如白晝／照如白昼
照妖鏡／照妖镜 (zhàoyāojìng)
照實／照实

照廳／照厅
照後鏡／照后镜
照應／照应 (zhàoyìng)
照數／照数
照方兒抓／照方儿抓
照明射擊／照明射击
照明彈／照明弹
照會／照会 (zhàohuì)
照樣／照样 (zhàoyàng)
照樣兒／照样儿
照樹／照树
照牆／照墙
照片兒／照片儿 (zhàopiānr)
照物兒／照物儿
照發／照发
照相彈／照相弹
照相機／照相机 (zhàoxiàngjī)
照相測量／照相测量
照相紙／照相纸
照相製版／照相制版
照相館／照相馆 (zhàoxiàngguǎn)
照膽鏡／照胆镜
照臉／照脸
照臨／照临 (zhàolín)
照臺／照台
照舊／照旧 (zhàojiù)
照葫蘆畫瓢／照葫芦画瓢 (zhào húlu huà piáo)
照螢映雪／照萤映雪
照補／照补
照覷／照觑
照說／照说 (zhàoshuō)
照講／照讲
照證／照证
照護／照护 (zhàohù)
照貓畫虎／照猫画虎 (zhàomāohuàhǔ)
照辦／照办 (zhàobàn)
照鏡子／照镜子
照面兒／照面儿
照顧／照顾 (zhàogù)
照騙／照骗 (zhàopiàn)
燭照／烛照 (zhúzhào)
燭照數計／烛照数计
牌照稅／牌照税
礙難照辦／碍难照办
紅鸞照命／红鸾照命
網站鏡照／网站镜照
肝膽照人／肝胆照人
肝膽相照／肝胆相照 (gāndǎnxiāngzhào)
臨照／临照
臺照／台照
行車執照／行车执照
覆盆難照／覆盆难照
覆盤難照／覆盘难照
觀照／观照 (guānzhào)
證照／证照 (zhèngzhào)
護照／护照 (hùzhào)
豔陽高照／艳阳高照
車照／车照 (chēzhào)
輻照／辐照
迴光返照／回光返照 (huíguāngfǎnzhào)
遺照／遗照 (yízhào)
間接照明／间接照明
關照／关照 (guānzhào)
陽光普照／阳光普照
集錦照相／集锦照相
顯微照相／显微照相
風月清照／风月清照
駕照／驾照 (jiàzhào)
駕駛執照／驾驶执照 (jiàshǐ zhízhào)
高調照片／高调照片
默照禪／默照禅
點照／点照

References

“Entry #9746”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

Japanese

Kanji

照

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Go-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
Kan-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
Kun: てる (teru, 照る, Jōyō); てり (teri, 照り); てらす (terasu, 照らす, Jōyō); てれる (tereru, 照れる, Jōyō); てれ (tere, 照れ)
Nanori: あき (aki); あきら (akira); あり (ari); てり (teri); とし (toshi); のぶ (nobu); みつ (mitsu)

Compounds

天(あま)照(てらす) (Amaterasu)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
照
しょう Grade: 4
on’yomi

/seu/ → /ɕeu/ → /ɕʲoː/

From Middle Chinese 照 (MC t͡ɕiᴇu^H).

Affix

照(しょう) • (shō) ^{←せう (seu)^?}

illuminate, shine
sunlight
compare
photograph

Derived terms

照(しょう)影(えい) (shōei)
照(しょう)応(おう) (shōō)
照(しょう)会(かい) (shōkai)
照(しょう)合(ごう) (shōgō)
照(しょう)射(しゃ) (shōsha)
照(しょう)準(じゅん) (shōjun)
照(しょう)明(めい) (shōmei)
照(しょう)覧(らん) (shōran)
観(かん)照(しょう) (kanshō)
参(さん)照(しょう) (sanshō)
残(ざん)照(しょう) (zanshō)
小(しょう)照(しょう) (shōshō)
前(ぜん)照(しょう)灯(とう) (zenshōtō)
対(たい)照(しょう) (taishō)
探(たん)照(しょう)灯(とう) (tanshōtō)
晩(ばん)照(しょう) (banshō)
返(へん)照(しょう) (henshō)
遍(へん)照(じょう) (henjō)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
照
て(らし) Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Nominalization of 照らし (terashi), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 照らす (terasu, “to shine on something, to illuminate something”).

Proper noun

照(てらし) • (Terashi)

a male given name

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 照 (MC t͡ɕiᴇu^H).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 죠ᇢ〮 (Yale: cyów) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 죠〯 (cyǒ) (Yale: cyǒ) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕo̞(ː)]
Phonetic hangul: [조(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource照 (eumhun 비칠 조 (bichil jo))

Hanja form^? of 조 (“to illuminate; to shine”).
Hanja form^? of 조 (“to contrast; to compare”).

Compounds

조회 (照會, johoe)
조명 (照明, jomyeong)
참조 (參照, chamjo)
대조 (對照, daejo)
관조 (觀照, gwanjo)
탐조 (探照, tamjo)
일조 (日照, iljo)
조영 (照影, joyeong)
자조 (自照, jajo)
조사 (照射, josa)
사조 (寫照, sajo)
만조 (晩照, manjo)
상조 (相照, sangjo)
조광 (照光, jogwang)
조찰 (照察, jochal)
잔조 (殘照, janjo)
사조 (査照, sajo)
영조 (映照, yeongjo)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

照: Hán Nôm readings: chiếu

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