灰

灰	U+7070, 灰 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7070

← 灯
[U+706F]

CJK Unified Ideographs

灱 →
[U+7071]

灰	U+2F835, 灰 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F835

← 𠨬
[U+2F834]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

及 →
[U+2F836]

Translingual

Stroke order

Traditional	灰
Simplified	灰
Japanese	灰
Korean	灰

Han character

灰 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 大火 (KF), four-corner 4080₉ or 7128₉, composition ⿸𠂇火(GHTK) or ⿸厂火(JV or U+2F835))

Derived characters

𠗇, 咴, 𪿙, 㞀, 恢, 拻, 洃, 烣, 脄, 𤉕, 㷇, 𤊣, 詼(诙), 𦤠, 𤉓, 盔, 炭

References

KangXi: page 665, character 9
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18859
Dae Jaweon: page 1075, character 5
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2188, character 4
Unihan data for U+7070
Unihan data for U+2F835

Chinese

trad.		灰
simp. ^#		灰

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 灰
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (灰) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
脄	mɯːs, mɯː
盔	*km̥ʰɯː
詼	*km̥ʰlɯː
恢	*km̥ʰɯː
灰	*hmɯː

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 又 (“hand”) + 火 (“fire”) – fire that can be touched with the hand (ash). 又 has been modified to 𠂇; compare 友 (“friend”), 右 (“right”).

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pʷut ~ hwut (“ashes, dust”) (STEDT; Schuessler (2007) reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *wu). Compare Mizo vutᴸ, Apatani mù-bu, Manipuri ut, Northern Tujia bu³ ci².

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): huī (hui¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄟ
(Chengdu, SP): hui¹
(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): хуэй (huey, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): fui¹
(Taishan, Wiktionary): foi¹
Gan (Wiktionary): fi¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fôi
(Meixian, Guangdong): foi¹
Jin (Wiktionary): hui¹
Min Bei (KCR): hó
Min Dong (BUC): ŭ
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): hoe / he / her
(Teochew, Peng'im): huê¹ / hui¹
Wu (Wiktionary): hue (T1)
Xiang (Wiktionary): fei¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: huī
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄟ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: huei
  - Wade–Giles: hui¹
  - Yale: hwēi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huei
  - Palladius: хуэй (xuej)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xweɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: hui¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xui
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuei⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: хуэй (huey, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuɛi²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: fui¹
  - Yale: fūi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fui¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: fui¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuːi̯⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: foi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fᵘɔi³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: fi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɨi⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fôi
  - Hakka Romanization System: foi´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: foi¹
  - Sinological IPA: /foi̯²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: foi¹
  - Sinological IPA: /foɪ⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: hui¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /xuei¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hó
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xo⁵⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ŭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Zhangpu, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoe
  - Tâi-lô: hue
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoef
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /hue⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /hue³³/
  - IPA (Zhangpu): /huɛ⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Jinjiang, Taipei, Magong, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: he
  - Tâi-lô: he
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hef
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /he⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Jinjiang): /he³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: her
  - Tâi-lô: her
  - IPA (Kinmen): /hə⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang): /hə³³/

Note:

Xiamen, Quanzhou:
- he/her - vernacular;
- hoe - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: huê¹ / hui¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hue / hui
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hue³³/, /hui³³/

Note: hui1 - alternative pronunciation when meaning "grey" (灰色).

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: hue (T1)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɯe̞⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: fei¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɸe̞i³³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 灰
Mandarin	Beijing	/xuei⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/xuei⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/xuei²¹/
	Jinan	/xuei²¹³/
	Qingdao	/xue²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/xuei²⁴/
	Xi'an	/xuei²¹/
	Xining	/xuɨ⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/xuei⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/xuei³¹/
	Ürümqi	/xuei⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/xuei⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/xuei⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/xuei⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/xuei⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/xuəi³¹/
	Hefei	/xue²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/xuei¹¹/
	Pingyao	/xuæ¹³/
	Hohhot	/xuei³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/hue⁵³/
	Suzhou	/hue̞⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/hui³³/
	Wenzhou	/fai³³/
Hui	Shexian	/xuɛ³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/xuə¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/fei³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ɸəi³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/fɨi⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/foi⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/foi²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/fui⁵³/
	Nanning	/fui⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/fui⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/hue⁵⁵/ /he⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/huoi⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/xo⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/hue³³/ /hui³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/hui²³/ /hu²³/ /hue²³/

Middle Chinese: /huʌi/

Rime
Character	灰
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	呼恢切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/huʌi/
Pan Wuyun	/huoi/
Shao Rongfen	/xuɒi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hwəj/
Li Rong	/xuᴀi/
Wang Li	/xuɒi/
Bernard Karlgren	/xuɑ̆i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fui¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m̥ˤə/
(Zhengzhang): /*hmɯː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	灰
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	huī
Middle Chinese	‹ xwoj ›
Old Chinese	/*m̥ˁə/
English	ashes
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	灰
Reading #	1/1
No.	5414
Phonetic component	灰
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	灰
Old Chinese	/*hmɯː/

Definitions

灰

ash
煙灰／烟灰 ― yānhuī ― cigarette ash
dust
電腦屏幕上有一層灰。 [MSC, trad.]
电脑屏幕上有一层灰。 [MSC, simp.]
Diànnǎo píngmù shàng yǒu yī céng huī. [Pinyin]
There's a layer of dust on the computer screen.
他吹乾淨這本書上的灰。 [MSC, trad.]
他吹干净这本书上的灰。 [MSC, simp.]
Tā chuī gānjìng zhè běn shū shàng de huī. [Pinyin]
He blew the dust off the book.
lime; mortar
灰泥 ― huīní ― plaster; mortar
石灰 ― shíhuī ― lime
灰岩 ― huīyán ― limestone
gray
灰色 ― huīsè ― gray (color)
disheartened
心灰意冷 ― xīnhuīyìlěng ― to be disheartened
佢成個人灰咗。 [Cantonese, trad.]
佢成个人灰咗。 [Cantonese, simp.]
keoi⁵ seng⁴ go³ jan⁴ fui¹ zo². [Jyutping]
(please add an English translation of this example)
(～日) (telegraphy) the tenth day of a month
(Cantonese, slang) powdered drug; heroin

Synonyms

(dust):

Dialectal synonyms of 灰塵 (“dust”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		塵, 埃, 塵埃, 坌, 塕, 坱
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		灰塵, 灰土, 塵土, 塵埃
Mandarin	Beijing	塵土, 土, 灰
	Taiwan	灰塵, 塵埃, 塵土
	Tianjin	塵土
	Chengde	𡋯土
	Tangshan	灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 塵
	Cangzhou	灰, 塵土, 土
	Baoding	堂土
	Shijiazhuang	塵土
	Chifeng	灰, 土
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	灰土, 灰, 塵土
	Heihe	灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
	Qiqihar	灰塵, 灰土
	Harbin	灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
	Jiamusi	灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
	Baicheng	灰塵, 灰, 灰土, 塵搭灰
	Changchun	灰塵, 灰, 塵土
	Tonghua	灰, 土
	Shenyang	灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
	Dandong	灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
	Jinzhou	灰塵, 塵土, 𡋯土
	Dalian	灰, 塵
	Yantai	灰, 𡋯土
	Yantai (Muping)	灰
	Qingdao	灰, 𡋯土, 土
	Lijin	灰, 𡋯土
	Zhucheng	灰
	Jinan	𡋯土, 土, 灰
	Jining	𡋯土
	Luoyang	灰塵, 塵土
	Wanrong	土
	Shangqiu	灰塵, 灰, 塵土
	Yuanyang	灰塵, 灰, 塵土
	Zhengzhou	灰塵, 灰
	Lingbao	灰
	Xinyang	灰
	Baihe	灰, 塵土
	Hanzhong	灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
	Xi'an	塵土, 土, 灰, 灰塵, 灰纖
	Baoji	灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
	Yinchuan	灰塵, 塵灰, 灰
	Tianshui	灰, 𡋯土
	Lanzhou	灰, 灰土, 塵土, 土
	Dunhuang	灰塵, 塵土
	Xining	塵土, 灰塵
	Hami	灰塵
	Ürümqi	灰, 灰灰
	Wuhan	灰, 灰塵
	Yichang	灰塵, 灰
	Xiangyang	灰
	Tianmen	灰塵, 灰, 土
	Hong'an	灰塵, 灰
	Chengdu	灰塵, 灰, 灰灰
	Nanchong	灰塵, 灰, 灰灰
	Dazhou	灰塵
	Hanyuan	灰塵, 灰
	Xichang	灰塵, 灰, 灰灰
	Zigong	灰, 揚塵
	Chongqing	灰
	Guiyang	灰灰, 灰, 灰塵
	Zunyi	灰
	Bijie	灰塵, 灰灰
	Liping	灰
	Zhaotong	塵灰
	Dali	灰
Kunming	塵灰, 灰, 土, 灰灰
Mengzi	灰
Guilin	灰塵
Guilin (Lingui)	灰塵
Liuzhou	灰塵, 灰, 塳塵
Liuzhou (Luorong)	灰塵
Nanning (Wuming)	灰塵, 煙塵
Jishou	灰塵
Changde	灰塵
Anqing	堂灰, 屯灰, 灰
Xuzhou	灰, 𡋯土, 土
Fuyang	灰塵, 灰
Wuhu	灰
Yangzhou	灰塵, 灰
Lianyungang	堂灰, 灰
Lianshui	堂灰, 灰
Nanjing	灰塵, 灰, 堂灰
Hefei	灰
Nantong	沙灰
Singapore	灰塵, 塵土
Dagudi (Maliba)	灰
Reshuitang (Longling)	灰
Mae Salong (Lancang)	灰
Mae Sai (Tengchong)	灰
Cantonese	Guangzhou	塵, 灰塵, 煙塵, 泥塵, 沙塵, 塳塵
	Hong Kong	塵, 灰塵, 灰, 塵埃, 沙塵
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	灰塵, 泥塵
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	灰塵, 煙塵
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	泥塵
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	泥塵
	Macau	灰塵
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	煙塵
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	灰塵
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	塵
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	灰塵
	Foshan	灰塵
	Foshan (Shunde)	灰塵
	Foshan (Sanshui)	灰塵
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	灰塵
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	灰塵
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	灰塵
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	灰塵
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	灰塵
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	灰塵
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	灰塵
	Taishan	灰塵
	Kaiping (Chikan)	灰塵
	Enping (Niujiang)	灰塵
	Heshan (Yayao)	灰塵
	Dongguan	灰塵
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	灰塵
	Qingyuan	灰塵
	Fogang	灰塵
	Yingde (Hanguang)	灰塵
	Yangshan	灰塵
	Lianshan (Butian)	灰塵
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	灰塵
	Shaoguan	灰塵
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	塵灰, 灰塵
	Renhua	塵灰
	Lechang	塵灰
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	灰塵
	Sihui	灰塵
	Guangning	灰塵
	Deqing	灰塵
	Huaiji	灰塵
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	泥塵
	Yunfu	塳塵
	Xinxing	灰塵, 塵埃
	Luoding	灰塵
	Yunan (Pingtai)	灰塵
	Yangjiang	煙塵
	Xinyi	灰塵
	Lianjiang	灰塵, 煙塵
	Nanning	灰塵, 煙塵
	Wuzhou	灰塵, 煙塵
	Yulin	煙塵
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	灰塵, 煙塵
	Hepu (Shatian)	煙塵, 塵土, 灰塵
	Guiping	灰塵, 蚊塵
	Guiping (Mule)	蚊塵
	Pingnan	蚊塵
	Mengshan (Xihe)	塳塵
	Guigang (Gangcheng)	灰塵
	Guigang (Nanjiang)	灰塵
	Guigang (Pingdong)	灰塵
	Beiliu (Tangliao)	灰塵
	Baise	灰塵
Bobai	灰塵
Lingshan	灰塵
Pubei	煙塵
Qinzhou	灰塵
Beihai	灰塵
Beihai (Nankang)	泥塵
Beihai (Yingpan)	煙塵
Ningming	灰塵
Hengxian	蚊塵
Danzhou	煙塵
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	塵灰, 灰塵
Bangkok (Guangfu)	灰塵
Gan	Nanchang	灰
	Lichuan	灰
	Pingxiang	灰, 灰塵
Hakka	Meixian	塵灰, 泥塵
	Xingning	塵灰
	Dabu (Xihe)	灰塵
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	塵灰, 煙塵, 泥塵, 沙塵
	Huidong (Daling)	塵灰
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	泥塵
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	灰塵
	Zhongshan (Wuguishan)	灰塵, 泥塵
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	灰塵
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	灰塵
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	塵, 塵灰, 灰塵
	Wuhua (Changbu)	泥塵
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	塵灰
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	塵灰
	Wengyuan	塵灰
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	塵灰
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	塳
	Liannan	塵灰
	Conghua (Lütian)	塵灰
	Jiexi	塵灰
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	揚塵
	Changting	塵灰, 灰塵
	Yongding	塵灰
	Yongding (Xiayang)	塵灰
	Yongding (Gaobei)	灰塵
	Yongding (Hukeng)	灰塵
	Wuping	塵灰
	Wuping (Yanqian)	塵灰
	Wuping (Pingyu)	塵灰
	Liancheng	塵灰
	Liancheng (Peitian)	塵灰
	Liancheng (Juxi)	塵灰
	Liancheng (Zhongbao)	塵灰
	Liancheng (Laiyuan)	灰塵
	Ninghua	塵灰, 灰塵
	Qingliu	塵灰
	Yudu	灰
	Ningdu	塵灰
	Ruijin	塵灰
	Shicheng	塵灰
	Shangyou (Shexi)	塵灰
	Tonggu (Sandu)	塵灰
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	灰塵
	Dayu	灰塵
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	塵灰
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	塵灰
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	塵灰
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	塵灰, 塕塵
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	塵灰
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	泥粉
	Hong Kong	泥塵
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	煙塵
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	灰塵
	Xinyi (Sihe)	塳塵
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	塳塵
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	煙塵
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	泥塵, 灰塵
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	煙塵
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	灰塵
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	塵煙
	Mengshan (Xihe)	塳塵
	Luchuan	泥煙
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	塵煙
	Beiliu (Tang'an)	灰塵
Mashan (Pianlian)	灰塵
Sabah (Longchuan)	塵灰, 泥塵
Kuala Lumpur (Dabu)	灰塵
Senai (Huiyang)	灰塵
Singkawang	塵灰
Bangkok (Meixian)	塵灰
Bangkok (Fengshun)	塵灰
Bangkok (Jiexi)	塵灰, 泥粉
Huizhou	Jixi	灰
Huizhou	Shexian	灰塵, 灰
Jin	Taiyuan	塵土, 土
	Yangyuan	灰, 塵土
	Datong	灰塵, 塵土
	Xinzhou	塵土, 灰塵
	Lishi	灰塵, 塵土
	Linfen	塵土
	Changzhi	塵灰, 灰
	Linhe	灰塵, 灰, 土
	Jining	灰塵
	Hohhot	灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
	Erenhot	灰塵
	Pingshan	塵土, 土
	Zhangjiakou	灰土, 灰
	Handan	灰塵
	Linzhou	灰塵, 灰
	Suide	灰塵, 灰, 土
Min Bei	Jian'ou	灰塵, 塵灰
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	塵
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	塵, 煙腸苦
	Pucheng (Shibei)	灰塵
Min Dong	Fuzhou	塕塵, 塗粉
	Changle	塕塵
	Fuqing	塕塵
	Yongtai	塗粉
	Gutian	塕塵
	Fu'an	煙霧
	Ningde	塕塵
	Shouning	塗粉
	Zhouning	塕塵
	Fuding	塕埃
	Matsu	塕塵
Min Nan	Xiamen	塗粉, 塕埃, 風飛沙
	Quanzhou	塗粉
	Jinjiang	塗粉
	Yongchun	塗粉
	Zhangzhou	塗粉
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	塗粉
	Pinghe	塗粉
	Zhangpu	塗粉
	Zhao'an	塗粉
	Taipei (Wanhua)	塗沙粉
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	塗沙粉仔
	Kaohsiung	塗沙粉
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	塗沙粉仔
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	塗粉仔
	Yilan	風飛沙
	Yilan (Toucheng)	塗粉
	Changhua (Lukang)	沙粉
	Taichung	塗沙
	Taichung (Wuqi)	風飛沙
	Tainan	塗粉, 塗沙粉, 塕埃, 風飛沙
	Tainan (Anping)	塗粉
	Taitung	風飛沙
	Hsinchu	風飛沙
	Penghu (Magong)	塗沙粉
	Penghu (Xiyu)	塗沙粉
	Penang (Hokkien)	塗粉
	Singapore (Hokkien)	塗粉
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	灰, 塗粉, 塕埃
	Datian	塗粉, 塕塵
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	灰
	Chaozhou	塗粉, 塕塵
	Shantou	塵, 塕塵, 灰塵
	Jieyang	塗粉, 塕塵
	Bangkok (Teochew)	塕塵
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	塕塵
	Leizhou	塕塵, 塗沙粉
	Wenchang	塗灰
	Haikou	塗灰
Puxian Min	Putian	塗粉, 塕塵
Puxian Min	Xianyou	煙塵
Min Zhong	Yong'an	塕塵
	Sanyuan	塕塵
	Shaxian	塕塵
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	煙塵
Zhongshan Min	Sanxiang	塕塵, 煙塵, 灰塵
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	坌塵, 煙塵, 灰塵
Southern Pinghua	Binyang (Xinqiao)	蚊塵
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	灰塵
	Guilin (Chaoyang)	灰塵
	Guilin (Zhuyuan)	灰塵
	Lingchuan (Tanxia)	灰塵
Shehua	Fu'an	煙霧
	Fuding	泥粉
	Luoyuan	煙塵
	Sanming	擸𢶍
	Shunchang	擸𢶍粉
	Guixi (Zhangping)	灰塵
	Cangnan	泥粉
	Jingning	火煤塵
	Lishui	火灰粉
	Longyou	灰粉
	Chaozhou	煙塵
	Fengshun	塕塵
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	灰
Wu	Shanghai	灰塵, 塳塵
	Shanghai (Chongming)	灰塵, 塳塵
	Suzhou	灰塵, 塳塵
	Danyang	灰塵, 灰
	Hangzhou	灰塵, 塳塵
	Ningbo	塳塵, 塳灰, 灰塵
	Wenzhou	坌塵, 坌塕, 塳塵
	Jinhua	塕, 塳塵
Xiang	Changsha	灰
	Loudi	灰, 灰塵
	Shuangfeng	灰
	Quanzhou	灰塵

(heroin):

Dialectal synonyms of 海洛因 (“heroin”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		海洛因, 海洛英
Mandarin	Beijing	白麵兒, 老海
	Taiwan	海洛因, 白粉
	Luoyang	白麵兒, 老海
	Xi'an	白麵兒
	Ürümqi	白麵兒
	Yangzhou	白麵子
	Singapore	白粉
	Dagudi (Maliba)	白粉
	Reshuitang (Longling)	白粉, 粉藥
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	白粉, 粉藥
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	白粉
Cantonese	Guangzhou	白粉
	Hong Kong	海洛英, 白粉, 粉, 灰, 四仔
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	白粉
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	白粉
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	白粉
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	海洛英
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	白粉
	Móng Cái	白粉
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	海洛因
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	海洛因
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	海洛因
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	海洛因
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	海洛因
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	海洛因
	Senai (Huiyang)	白粉
Jin	Taiyuan	料子
Jin	Xinzhou	料子
Min Nan	Xiamen	海洛因
	Singapore (Hokkien)	白粉
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	白粉
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	白粉
Wu	Danyang	白粉, 白麵
Wu	Wenzhou	白粉

(disheartened):

edit

Synonyms of 灰

低沉 (dīchén)
低落 (dīluò)
失望 (shīwàng)
失落 (shīluò)
消沉 (xiāochén)
灰心 (huīxīn)
索寞 (suǒmò) (literary or Min Dong)
萎靡 (wěimǐ)
喪氣／丧气 (sàngqì)
壓抑／压抑 (yāyì)
寡歡／寡欢 (guǎhuān)
幽鬱／幽郁 (yōuyù) (archaic)
悒鬱／悒郁 (yìyù) (literary)

悒鬱寡歡／悒郁寡欢 (yìyùguǎhuān)
愁悶／愁闷 (chóumèn)
慘沮／惨沮 (cǎnjǔ) (literary)
憂悶／忧闷 (yōumèn)
憂鬱／忧郁 (yōuyù)
憋悶／憋闷 (biēmen)
懊喪／懊丧 (àosàng)
抑鬱／抑郁 (yìyù)
沉悶／沉闷 (chénmèn)
沉鬱／沉郁 (chényù) (literary)
沮喪／沮丧 (jǔsàng)
消極／消极 (xiāojí)
灰心喪氣／灰心丧气 (huīxīnsàngqì)

煩悶／烦闷 (fánmèn)
神傷／神伤 (shénshāng) (literary)
苦悶／苦闷 (kǔmèn)
陰暗／阴暗 (yīn'àn)
陰沉／阴沉 (yīnchén)
頹唐／颓唐 (tuítáng)
頹喪／颓丧 (tuísàng)
頹廢／颓废 (tuífèi)
鬱悶／郁闷 (yùmèn)
鬱鬱／郁郁 (yùyù) (literary)
鬱鬱不樂／郁郁不乐 (yùyùbùlè)
鬱鬱寡歡／郁郁寡欢 (yùyùguǎhuān)
鬱鬱寡歡／郁郁寡欢 (yùyùguǎhuān)

Compounds

Derived terms from 灰

一鼻子灰
不灰木
冷灰爆豆
凝灰岩 (nínghuīyán)
劫灰
叉灰泥
吹灰
吹灰之力 (chuīhuīzhīlì)
土灰
坑灰未冷
塔灰
寂若死灰
寒灰
心如寒灰
心如死灰
心灰 (xīnhuī)
心灰意冷 (xīnhuīyìlěng)
心若死灰
扒灰
打灰堆
抖灰
抹土搽灰
搽灰抹土
搽灰抹粉
昆池劫灰
木形灰心
朽木死灰
枯形灰心
枯木死灰
槁木死灰
死灰
死灰槁木
油灰 (yóuhuī)
泥灰
洋灰 (yánghuī)
消石灰 (xiāoshíhuī)
清灰冷灶
灰不喇唧
灰不蹓秋
灰士
灰姑娘 (Huīgūniang)
灰屎
灰心 (huīxīn)
灰心槁形
灰指甲 (huīzhǐjia)
灰暗
灰木
灰棚

灰溜溜
灰炭
灰熊 (huīxióng)
灰白 (huībái)
灰石
灰罐
灰膛
灰色 (huīsè)
灰茫茫
灰身粉骨
灰陶
灰鼠 (huīshǔ)
炮灰 (pàohuī)
熟石灰 (shúshíhuī)
爬灰
生石灰 (shēngshíhuī)
白灰 (báihuī)
百念皆灰
石灰 (shíhuī)
石灰乳
石灰岩 (shíhuīyán)
石灰岩洞
石灰水 (shíhuīshuǐ)
石灰石 (shíhuīshí)
磷灰石
秦灰
粉身灰骨
色如死灰
色若死灰
草木灰 (cǎomùhuī)
草灰 (cǎohuī)
葡萄灰
葭灰
蛤灰
蜃灰
豆秸灰
跳灰
通草灰
面如死灰
面如灰土
香灰 (xiānghuī)
骨灰 (gǔhuī)
骨灰塔
心灰意懶／心灰意懒 (xīnhuīyìlǎn)
心灰意敗／心灰意败
意懶心灰／意懒心灰
挫骨揚灰／挫骨扬灰
撣灰／掸灰

死灰復然／死灰复然
死灰復燃／死灰复燃 (sǐhuīfùrán)
死灰復燎／死灰复燎
灰不溜丟／灰不溜丢
灰不蹓丟／灰不蹓丢
灰塵／灰尘 (huīchén)
灰度等級／灰度等级
灰心喪意／灰心丧意
灰心喪氣／灰心丧气 (huīxīnsàngqì)
灰戶／灰户
灰撲撲／灰扑扑
灰櫬兒／灰榇儿
灰沒／灰没
灰滅／灰灭
灰濛濛／灰蒙蒙 (huīméngméng)
灰燼／灰烬 (huījìn)
灰脾氣／灰脾气
灰質／灰质 (huīzhì)
灰軀糜骨／灰躯糜骨
灰錳氧／灰锰氧 (huīměngyǎng)
灰頂／灰顶
灰頭土臉／灰头土脸 (huītóutǔliǎn)
灰頭土臉兒／灰头土脸儿
灰頭土面／灰头土面
灰頭草面／灰头草面
灰飛煙滅／灰飞烟灭 (huīfēiyānmiè)
灰鯨／灰鲸
灰鶴／灰鹤
焚屍揚灰／焚尸扬灰
焚骨揚灰／焚骨扬灰
無灰粉筆／无灰粉笔
煙灰／烟灰 (yānhuī)
爐灰／炉灰 (lúhuī)
石灰窯／石灰窑 (Shíhuīyáo)
石灰質／石灰质
糶灰／粜灰
紙灰／纸灰
菸灰／烟灰
菸灰缸／烟灰缸
萬念俱灰／万念俱灰 (wànniànjùhuī)
銀灰／银灰
銀灰色／银灰色
鍋臍灰／锅脐灰
鐵灰色／铁灰色
雌一頭灰／雌一头灰
飲灰洗胃／饮灰洗胃
骨灰罈／骨灰坛

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 灰 – see 烌 (“(Min Nan) dust; ash”). (This character, 灰, is a variant form of 烌.)

Pronunciation

Cantonese (Jyutping): fiu¹, fui¹

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: fiu¹, fui¹
  - Yale: fīu, fūi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fiu¹, fui¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: fiu¹, fui¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fiːu̯⁵⁵/, /fuːi̯⁵⁵/

Definitions

灰

Used in 灰士.

Japanese

Shinjitai	灰
Kyūjitai [1]	灰󠄁 灰+`󠄁`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
Kyūjitai [1]	灰󠄃 灰+`󠄃`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

灰

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

ashes
puckery juice
cremate

Readings

Go-on: け (ke)^{←け (ke, historical)}^{←くゑ (kwe, ancient)}
Kan-on: かい (kai, Jōyō)^{←くわい (kwai, historical)}
Kan’yō-on: くい (kui)
Kun: はい (hai, 灰, Jōyō)^{←はひ (fafi, historical)}

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
灰
はい Grade: 6
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi

(Tokyo) はい [hàí] (Heiban – [0])[2]
IPA^(key): [ha̠i]

Noun

灰(はい) • (hai) ^{←はひ (fafi)^?}

ash
塵(ちり)は塵(ちり)に、灰(はい)は灰(はい)に
chiri wa chiri ni, hai wa hai ni
dust to dust, ashes to ashes

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
灰
かい Grade: 6
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 灰 (MC huʌi).

Pronunciation

On’yomi

IPA^(key): [ka̠i]

Affix

灰(かい) • (kai) ^{←くわい (kwai)^?}

ash; ashes

References

“灰”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

灰 (eumhun 재 회 (jae hoe))

Hanja form^? of 회 (“ashes; dust; lime; mortar”).

Vietnamese

Han character

灰: Hán Nôm readings: hôi, hoi, khôi, vôi, hui, khuôi

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[1] “灰”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023

[DJR-2] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN