火星

火星

Chinese

		fire; angry; fierce fire; angry; fierce; fiery; thriving	star; satellite; small amount
trad. (火星)		火	星
simp. #(火星)		火	星
anagram		星火

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Huǒxīng

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄒㄧㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fo² sing¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Fó-sên
• Min Dong (BUC): Huŏ-sĭng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): Hér-chhiⁿ / Hé-chhiⁿ / Hóe-chheⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): huê² cên¹

• Wu (Wiktionary): hu xin (T2)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Huǒxīng
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄒㄧㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Huǒsing
    • Wade–Giles: Huo³-hsing¹
    • Yale: Hwǒ-syīng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Huooshing
    • Palladius: Хосин (Xosin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xwɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: fo² sing¹
    • Yale: fó sīng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fo² sing¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: fo² xing¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔː³⁵ sɪŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Fó-sên
    • Hakka Romanization System: fo` sen´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fo³ sen¹
    • Sinological IPA: /fo³¹ sen²⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: Huŏ-sĭng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huo⁵⁵ ^(s-)liŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hér-chhiⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: Hér-tshinn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hə⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡ɕʰĩ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hé-chhiⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: Hé-tshinn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hefchvy
    • IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /he⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕʰĩ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hóe-chheⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: Hué-tshenn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoefzhvef
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰɛ̃⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰẽ⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: huê² cên¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hué tsheⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hue⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sʰẽ³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: hu xin (T2)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hv̩ʷ³³ ɕɪɲ⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /huɑ^X  seŋ/

Rime
Character	火	星
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)	青 (125)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	IV
Fanqie	呼果切	桑經切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/huɑX/	/seŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/huɑX/	/seŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/xuɑX/	/sɛŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hwaX/	/sɛjŋ/
Li Rong	/xuɑX/	/seŋ/
Wang Li	/xuɑX/	/sieŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/xuɑX/	/sieŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huǒ	xīng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fo2	sing1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[qʷʰ]ˤəjʔ  s-tsʰˤeŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰʷaːlʔ  sleːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	火	星
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	huǒ	xīng
Middle Chinese	‹ xwaX ›	‹ seng ›
Old Chinese	/*[qʷʰ]ˁəjʔ/	/*s-tsʰˁeŋ/
English	fire	star
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	火	星
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	5540	11371
Phonetic component	火	生
Rime group	歌	耕
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	火	星
Old Chinese	/*qʰʷaːlʔ/	/*sleːŋ/
Notes		説文曐或體

Proper noun

火星

1. (astronomy) Mars

Synonyms

• 熒惑／荧惑 (yínghuò)
• 熒惑星／荧惑星

Derived terms

火星人 (huǒxīngrén) 火星撞地球

火星日 (huǒxīngrì) 火星學／火星学

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (火星):

• → Japanese: 火星(かせい) (Kasei)
• → Korean: 화성(火星) (Hwaseong)
• → Vietnamese: Hoả Tinh (火星)

See also

• (planets of the Solar System) 太陽系的行星／太阳系的行星; 水星 (Shuǐxīng), 金星 (Jīnxīng), 地球 (Dìqiú), 火星 (Huǒxīng), 木星 (Mùxīng), 土星 (Tǔxīng), 天王星 (Tiānwángxīng), 海王星 (Hǎiwángxīng)

Verb

火星

1. (neologism, slang) to be outdated and unaware; to not know something that everyone else knows

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): huǒxīng

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄒㄧㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fo² sing¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: huǒxīng
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄒㄧㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: huǒsing
    • Wade–Giles: huo³-hsing¹
    • Yale: hwǒ-syīng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huooshing
    • Palladius: хосин (xosin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xwɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: huǒxīngr
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄒㄧㄥㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: huǒsingr
    • Wade–Giles: huo³-hsingrh¹
    • Yale: hwǒ-syīngr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huooshiengl
    • Palladius: хосинр (xosinr)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xwɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ ɕiɤ̯̃ɻ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: fo² sing¹
    • Yale: fó sīng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fo² sing¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: fo² xing¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔː³⁵ sɪŋ⁵⁵/

Noun

火星

1. (chiefly Mandarin) spark of fire

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 火星 (“spark of fire”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		焱
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		火星, 火星子, 火花
Mandarin	Beijing	火星兒
	Wanrong	火星子
	Xi'an	火星子
	Ürümqi	火星子
	Guiyang	火星
Cantonese	Guangzhou	火屎, 火花
	Hong Kong	火屎, 火花
	Taishan	火屎
	Dongguan	火屎
Gan	Nanchang	火星子
	Lichuan	火星
	Pingxiang	火星
Hakka	Meixian	火屎
Huizhou	Jixi	火屎
Min Bei	Jian'ou	火焰仔, 火星仔, 火仔屎
Min Nan	Xiamen	火屎
	Quanzhou	火屎
	Tainan	火星
	Shantou	火屎
	Leizhou	火屎
Wu	Wenzhou	火種星
Xiang	Changsha	火星子

Derived terms

火星塞

火星子 (huǒxīngzi)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
火	星
か Grade: 1	せい Grade: 2
on’yomi

火星

Etymology

/kwasei/ → /kaseː/

From Middle Chinese 火星 (MC huɑ^X seŋ, literally “fire star”).

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Kan’on
• (Tokyo) かせー [kàséé] (Heiban – [0])[1]
• IPA^(key): [ka̠se̞ː]

• • Homophones: 化生, 化成, 化性, 化政, 火成, 火勢, 加勢, 仮声, 仮性, 河清, 苛性, 苛政, 家世, 家声, 家政, 家勢, 歌声, 歌聖

Proper noun

火(か)星(せい) • (Kasei) ^{←くわせい (Kwasei)?}

1. Mars (planet)
   • 2004 July 20 [Sep 22 2003], Takeuchi, Naoko, “Act(アクト) 3(スリー)　レイ　SAILORMARS(セーラー　マーズ) [Act 3: Rei: SAILOR MARS]”, in 美少女戦士(Pretty Guardian)セーラームーン(SAILORMOON) [Pretty Guardian SAILOR MOON], volume 1 (fiction), 5th edition, Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 122:

     火(か)星(せい)の守(しゅ)護(ご)を受(う)けた炎(ほのお)と情(じょう)熱(ねつ)の戦(せん)士(し)　セーラーマーズ！あなたもえらばれた戦(せん)士(し)なのよ

     Kasei no shugo o uketa honō to jōnetsu no senshi Sērā Māzu! Anata mo erabareta senshi na no yo

     The warrior of fire and passion under Mars, Sailor Mars! You’re also one of the chosen warriors

Synonyms

• マース (Māsu), マーズ (Māzu)
• (archaic) 火(か)曜(よう) (Kayō)

Derived terms

• 火(か)星(せい)人(じん) (Kaseijin): a Martian
• 火(か)星(せい)学(がく) (Kaseigaku): areology, the study of the planet Mars

See also

• マールス (Mārusu): Mars, the Roman god of war
• (planets of the Solar System) 太(たい)陽(よう)系(けい)の惑(わく)星(せい) (Taiyōkei no wakusei); 水(すい)星(せい) (Suisei, “Mercury”), 金(きん)星(せい) (Kinsei, “Venus”), 地(ち)球(きゅう) (Chikyū, “Earth”), 火(か)星(せい) (Kasei, “Mars”), 木(もく)星(せい) (Mokusei, “Jupiter”), 土(ど)星(せい) (Dosei, “Saturn”), 天(てん)王(のう)星(せい) (Tennōsei, “Uranus”), 海(かい)王(おう)星(せい) (Kaiōsei, “Neptune”) ^{(Category: ja:Planets of the Solar System)}

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

• 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

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Korean

Hanja in this term
火	星

Proper noun

火星 • (Hwaseong) (hangeul 화성)

1. Hanja form^? of 화성 (“Mars”).

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Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
火	星

Proper noun

火星

1. chữ Hán form of Hoả tinh (“Mars”).