激

激	U+6FC0, 激 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6FC0

← 澿
[U+6FBF]

CJK Unified Ideographs

濁 →
[U+6FC1]

Translingual

Han character

激 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 水竹尸大 (EHSK), four-corner 3814₀, composition ⿰氵敫)

Derived characters

𥨿

References

KangXi: page 654, character 17
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18438
Dae Jaweon: page 1064, character 14
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1760, character 4
Unihan data for U+6FC0

Chinese

simp. and trad.		激
2nd round simp.		㲹

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (敫) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
礉	kʰreːw, kʰreːwɢs
邀	qlew, kleːw
憿	*kleːw
徼	kleːw, kleːwɢs
儌	kleːwʔ, kleːwʔ
璬	*kleːwʔ
皦	*kleːwʔ
繳	kleːwʔ, kljewɢ, *ɡreːɡ
敫	kleːwɢs, ɢlewɢ, *kleːwɢ
譥	*kleːwɢs
激	kleːwɢs, kleːwɢ
噭	*kleːwɢs
獥	kleːwɢs, kleːwɢ, *ɡleːwɢ
鸄	kleːwɢs, kleːwɢ, *ɡleːwɢ
墽	*kʰleːw
竅	*kʰleːwɢs
覈	ɡleːd, ɡreːɡ
燩	kʰreːwɢ, kʰleːwɢ
檄	*ɡleːwɢ
薂	*ɡleːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kleːwɢs, *kleːwɢ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 敫 (OC *kleːwɢs, *ɢlewɢ, *kleːwɢ) – (of water) to swash.

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): jī (ji¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧ
(Chengdu, SP): jie² / ji²
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): gik¹
(Taishan, Wiktionary): get²
Gan (Wiktionary): jit⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kie̍p / kit
(Meixian, Guangdong): gid⁵
Jin (Wiktionary): jieh⁴
Min Bei (KCR): gī
Min Dong (BUC): gék
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kek / kiak
(Teochew, Peng'im): gêg⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): jiq (T4)
Xiang (Wiktionary): ji⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jī
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ji
  - Wade–Giles: chi¹
  - Yale: jī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ji
  - Palladius: цзи (czi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: jie² / ji²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gie / gi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiɛ²¹/, /t͡ɕi²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gik¹
  - Yale: gīk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gik⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: gig¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɪk̚⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: get²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ket̚⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: jit⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕit̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kie̍p / kit
  - Hakka Romanization System: gieb / gid`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gieb⁶ / gid⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯ep̚⁵/, /kit̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: gid⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /cit̚¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: jieh⁴
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiəʔ²/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gī
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gék
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɛiʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kek
  - Tâi-lô: kik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: keg
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiak
  - Tâi-lô: kiak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiag
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /kiak̚⁵/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gêg⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kek
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kek̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: jiq (T4)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɪʔ⁵⁵/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: ji⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi²⁴/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 激
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕi⁴⁴/ 叫雨～著了 /t͡ɕi⁵³/ 感～
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕi²¹/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕi²¹³/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕi²⁴/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕi²¹/
	Xining	/t͡ɕji⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕi¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕi¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕi²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕi²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕie³¹/ /t͡ɕi³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕi²¹/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕi³¹/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕiʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕiəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕiʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕiəʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡ɕiɪʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/liəʔ²/
	Wenzhou	/t͡ɕai²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕiʔ²¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡ɕi⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕi²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕi²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕiʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/kit̚¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/kit̚²²/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kek̚⁵/
	Nanning	/kek̚⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/kik̚⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kik̚³²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kɛiʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/ki⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kek̚²/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/kek̚⁵/

Middle Chinese: /kek̚/

Rime
Character	激
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	青 (127)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	古歷切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kek̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kek̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kɛk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɛjk̚/
Li Rong	/kek̚/
Wang Li	/kiek̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kiek̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ji
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gik¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤewk/
(Zhengzhang): /*kleːwɢ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	激
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jī
Middle Chinese	‹ kek ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁewk/
English	dam up (water)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	激
Reading #	2/2
No.	6406
Phonetic component	敫
Rime group	藥
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	激
Old Chinese	/*kleːwɢ/

Definitions

激

(of water currents) to swash; to surge; to dash
rapid; acute; fierce; strong
drastic; radical; extreme
to excite; to arouse; to incite; to irritate
你不要以為我真不敢殺你，你不要激我。 [MSC, trad.]
你不要以为我真不敢杀你，你不要激我。 [MSC, simp.]
Nǐ bùyào yǐwéi wǒ zhēn bùgǎn shā nǐ, nǐ bùyào jī wǒ. [Pinyin]
Don't assume I'd hesitate to kill you — don't test me.
resounding; reverberating; aroused
(Cantonese) brilliant; great; cool
to restrain; to check
to chill (something by dipping it in cold water)
to fall ill from getting wet
violently; fiercely; quickly
(Cantonese) to infuriate; to piss off
你做乜激嚫佢？ [Cantonese, trad.]
你做乜激𰈍佢？ [Cantonese, simp.]
nei⁵ zou⁶ mat¹ gik¹ can¹ keoi⁵? [Jyutping]
Why did you piss him off?
激死人呀！ [Cantonese] ― gik¹ sei² jan⁴ aa³! [Jyutping] ― So infuriating!
(Teochew) to submerge in water
a surname

Compounds

Derived terms from 激

偏激 (piānjī)
刺激 (cìjī)
刺激性
刺激素
勇退激流
性激素 (xìngjīsù)
感激 (gǎnjī)
感激流涕
感激涕泗
感激涕零 (gǎnjītìlíng)
慷慨激昂 (kāngkǎijī'áng)
慷慨激烈
推激
植物激素
沽激
激光 (jīguāng)
激光唱片 (jīguāng chàngpiàn)
激光器 (jīguāngqì)
激光照排
激切 (jīqiè)
激刺 (jīcì)
激勃素
激化 (jīhuà)
激增 (jīzēng)
激嬲 (gik1 nau1)
激忿填膺
激怒 (jīnù)
激情 (jīqíng)
激昂 (jī'áng)
激昂慷慨
激楚
激活 (jīhuó)
激流 (jīliú)
激浪

激湍
激激
激烈 (jīliè)
激磁
激筒
激素 (jīsù)
激聒
激越
激酶 (jīméi)
由衷感激
相激 (xiāngjī)
褊激
雄性激素 (xióngxìng jīsù)
令人激賞／令人激赏
偏激之詞／偏激之词
制約刺激／制约刺激
刺激類化／刺激类化
奮激／奋激 (fènjī)
感激不盡／感激不尽 (gǎnjībùjìn)
憤激／愤激
揚清激濁／扬清激浊
條件刺激／条件刺激
沖激／冲激
激光唱機／激光唱机
激光打印機／激光打印机 (jīguāng dǎyìnjī)
激光視盤／激光视盘 (jīguāng shìpán)
激光計算機／激光计算机
激劇／激剧
激動／激动 (jīdòng)
激勵／激励 (jīlì)
激厲／激厉
激問／激问
激奮／激奋 (jīfèn)

激將／激将 (jījiàng)
激將法／激将法 (jījiàngfǎ)
激惱／激恼
激憤／激愤 (jīfèn)
激戰／激战 (jīzhàn)
激揚／激扬 (jīyáng)
激湧／激涌
激濁揚清／激浊扬清
激煩／激烦
激發／激发 (jīfā)
激發態／激发态
激盪／激荡 (jīdàng)
激素替代療法／激素替代疗法 (jīsù tìdài liáofǎ)
激話／激话
激論／激论 (jīlùn)
激變／激变 (jībiàn)
激貪厲俗／激贪厉俗
激賞／激赏 (jīshǎng)
激辯／激辩
激進／激进 (jījìn)
激靈／激灵 (jīling)
生長激素／生长激素 (shēngzhǎng jīsù)
矯激奇詭／矫激奇诡
窺御激夫／窥御激夫
群情激憤／群情激愤 (qúnqíng jīfèn)
腦力激盪／脑力激荡
衝波激浪／冲波激浪
衝激／冲激
詭激／诡激
過激／过激 (guòjī)
風激電飛／风激电飞
風激電駭／风激电骇
黃體激素／黄体激素

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiào (jiao⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiào
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiào
  - Wade–Giles: chiao⁴
  - Yale: jyàu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiaw
  - Palladius: цзяо (czjao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Middle Chinese: /keu^H/

Rime
Character	激
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	蕭 (93)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	古弔切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/keu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/keu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/keu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɛw^H/
Li Rong	/keu^H/
Wang Li	/kieu^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/kieu^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	giu³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kleːwɢs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	激
Reading #	1/2
No.	6394
Phonetic component	敫
Rime group	豹
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	叫
Old Chinese	/*kleːwɢs/

Definitions

激

^† (of water) turbulent
^† half-covered
^† long
^† bright
^† Alternative form of 噭 (jiào).

Pronunciation 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 激 – see 徼 (“To request; frontier, border; etc.”). (This character, 激, is a variant form of 徼.)

Japanese

Kanji

激

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

violent, furious, intense

Readings

Go-on: きゃく (kyaku)
Kan-on: けき (keki)
Kan’yō-on: げき (geki, Jōyō)
Kun: はげしい (hageshii, 激しい, Jōyō); はげます (hagemasu, 激ます); たぎる (tagiru, 激る)

Compounds

激(げき)減(げん) (gekigen)
激(げき)昂(こう) (gekikō)
激(げき)震(しん) (gekishin)
激(げき)甚(じん) (gekijin)
激(げき)戦(せん) (gekisen)
激(げき)痛(つう) (gekitsū)
激(げき)怒(ど) (gekido)
激(げき)闘(とう) (gekitō)
激(げき)動(どう) (gekidō)
激(げき)突(とつ) (gekitotsu)
激(げき)雷(らい) (gekirai)
激(げき)励(れい) (gekirei)
激(げき)論(ろん) (gekiron)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
激
げき Grade: 6
on’yomi

Prefix

激(げき) • (geki-)

(informal) very; intensely; extremely

Derived terms

激(げき)愛(あい) (gekiai)
激(げき)甘(あま) (gekiama)
激(げき)アツ (gekiatsu)
激(げき)ウマ (gekiuma)
激(げき)おこぷんぷん丸(まる) (gekioko punpun maru)
激(げき)辛(から) (gekikara)
激(げき)混(こ)み (gekikomi)
激(げき)写(しゃ) (gekisha)
激(げき)高(たか) (gekitaka)
激(げき)ムズ (gekimuzu)
激(げき)安(やす) (gekiyasu)
激(げき)ヤバ (gekiyaba)
激(げき)レア (gekirea)

Korean

Hanja

激 (eumhun 물결 격 (mulgyeol gyeok))

Hanja form^? of 격 (“wave, tide”).

Vietnamese

Han character

激: Hán Nôm readings: váng, khích, kích

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.