漣

漣

See also: 涟

漣 U+6F23, 漣 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F23 ← 漢 [U+6F22] CJK Unified Ideographs 漤 → [U+6F24]

漣 U+F992, 漣 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F992 ← 撚 [U+F991] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 煉 → [U+F993]

Translingual

Han character

漣 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 水卜十十 (EYJJ), four-corner 3513₀, composition ⿰氵連)

Derived characters

• 𢣣, 𬮖

Related characters

• 涟 (Simplified Chinese)

References

• KangXi: page 646, character 21
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18155
• Dae Jaweon: page 1056, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1695, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6F23
• Unihan data for U+F992

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Chinese

trad.		漣
simp.		涟

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (連) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
連	*ren
漣	*ren
鰱	*ren
翴	*ren
鏈	*ren, *rens, *r̥ʰen
璉	*renʔ
僆	*renʔ, *reːns
摙	*renʔ, *rens
蓮	*renʔ, *reːn
嗹	*reːn
縺	*reːn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ren) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 連 (OC *ren)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lián (lian²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lin⁴
• Min Nan (POJ): liân

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lián
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lián
    • Wade–Giles: lien²
    • Yale: lyán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lian
    • Palladius: лянь (ljanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ljɛn³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: lin⁴
    • Yale: lìhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lin⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: lin⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /liːn²¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liân
    • Tâi-lô: liân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lieen
    • IPA (Xiamen): /liɛn²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /liɛn²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɛn¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /liɛn²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɛn²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /liᴇn/, /liᴇn^H/

Rime
Character	漣	漣
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	仙 (77)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	力延切	連彦切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liᴇn/	/liᴇnH/
Pan Wuyun	/liɛn/	/liɛnH/
Shao Rongfen	/ljæn/	/ljænH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lian/	/lianH/
Li Rong	/liɛn/	/liɛnH/
Wang Li	/lĭɛn/	/lĭɛnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯ɛn/	/li̯ɛnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lián	liàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lin4	lin6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]a[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ren/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	漣
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lián
Middle Chinese	‹ ljen ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]a[n]/
English	ripple; drip
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	漣
Reading #	1/1
No.	7993
Phonetic component	連
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	連
Old Chinese	/*ren/

Definitions

漣

1. (of water) ripple
2. appearance of continuous weeping
3. (～水) river in Hunan province

Compounds

楊漣／杨涟 泣血漣如／泣血涟如 流漣／流涟 淪漣／沦涟

清漣／清涟 漣水／涟水 (Liánshuǐ) 漣波／涟波 漣洏／涟洏

漣洳／涟洳 漣漣／涟涟 (liánlián) 漣漪／涟漪 (liányī) 漪漣／漪涟

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Japanese

Alternative forms

• 細波, 小波

Kanji

漣

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. ripple
2. (of tears) continuously flowing

Readings

• Go-on: れん (ren)
• Kan-on: れん (ren)
• Kun: さざなみ (sazanami, 漣)

Compounds

Compounds

• 砂(さ)漣(れん) (saren, “sand ripple”)
• 漣(れん)漪(い) (ren'i, “ripple”)
• 漣(れん)音(おん) (ren'on, “mordent”)
• 漣(れん)痕(こん) (renkon, “ripple mark”)
• 漣(れん)漣(れん) (renren, “(of tears) continuously flowing”)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
漣
さざなみ Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

細 (saza-, “small”) +‎ 波 (nami, “wave”)

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) さざなみ [sàzánámí] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [sa̠za̠na̠mʲi]

Noun

漣(さざなみ) • (sazanami) 

1. ripple

Synonyms

• 漣漪(れんい) (ren'i)

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

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Korean

Hanja

漣 (eum 련 (ryeon), South Korea 연 (yeon))

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Compounds

Compounds

• 연흔 (漣痕, yeonheun)

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Vietnamese

Han character

漣: Hán Việt readings: liên (靈(linh)年(niên)切(thiết))[1][2]
漣: Nôm readings: trơn[3], lăn[1], liên[4]

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

1. Trần (2004).
2. Génibrel (1898).
3. Nguyễn (2014).
4. Hồ (1976).