滅びる
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 滅 |
| ほろ Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spelling | 亡びる |
|---|
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ho̞ɾo̞bʲiɾɯ̟ᵝ]
Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "滅びる (ほろびる)"
| Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) | 滅びる | ほろびる | [hòróbíꜜrù] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 滅びろ | ほろびろ | [hòróbíꜜrò] |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 滅びられる | ほろびられる | [hòróbíráréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 滅びさせる | ほろびさせる | [hòróbísáséꜜrù] |
| Potential | - | - | - |
| Volitional | 滅びよう | ほろびよー | [hòróbíyóꜜò] |
| Negative | 滅びない | ほろびない | [hòróbíꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 滅びなかった | ほろびなかった | [hòróbíꜜnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 滅びます | ほろびます | [hòróbímáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 滅びた | ほろびた | [hòróꜜbìtà] |
| Conjunctive | 滅びて | ほろびて | [hòróꜜbìtè] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 滅びれば | ほろびれば | [hòróbíꜜrèbà] |
Verb
滅びる (intransitive, ichidan conjugation, hiragana ほろびる, rōmaji horobiru)
| Japanese verb pair | |
|---|---|
| active | 滅ぼす |
| mediopassive | 滅びる |
- to be ruined, to be destroyed
- to perish
Conjugation
Conjugation of "滅びる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 滅び | ほろび | horobi | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 滅び | ほろび | horobi | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 滅びる | ほろびる | horobiru | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 滅びる | ほろびる | horobiru | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 滅びれ | ほろびれ | horobire | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 滅びよ¹ 滅びろ² | ほろびよ¹ ほろびろ² | horobiyo¹ horobiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 滅びられる | ほろびられる | horobirareru | |
| Causative | 滅びさせる 滅びさす | ほろびさせる ほろびさす | horobisaseru horobisasu | |
| Potential | 滅びられる 滅びれる³ | ほろびられる ほろびれる³ | horobirareru horobireru³ | |
| Volitional | 滅びよう | ほろびよう | horobiyō | |
| Negative | 滅びない 滅びぬ 滅びん | ほろびない ほろびぬ ほろびん | horobinai horobinu horobin | |
| Negative continuative | 滅びず | ほろびず | horobizu | |
| Formal | 滅びます | ほろびます | horobimasu | |
| Perfective | 滅びた | ほろびた | horobita | |
| Conjunctive | 滅びて | ほろびて | horobite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 滅びれば | ほろびれば | horobireba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||
Classical conjugation of "滅ぶ" (バ行上二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 滅び | ほろび | forobi |
| Continuative (連用形) | 滅び | ほろび | forobi |
| Terminal (終止形) | 滅ぶ | ほろぶ | forobu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 滅ぶる | ほろぶる | foroburu |
| Realis (已然形) | 滅ぶれ | ほろぶれ | forobure |
| Imperative (命令形) | 滅びよ | ほろびよ | forobiyo |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 滅びず | ほろびず | forobizu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 滅ぶれど | ほろぶれど | foroburedo |
| Causal conjunction | 滅ぶれば | ほろぶれば | forobureba |
| Conditional conjunction | 滅びば | ほろびば | forobiba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 滅びき | ほろびき | forobiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 滅びけり | ほろびけり | forobikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 滅びつ | ほろびつ | forobitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 滅びぬ | ほろびぬ | forobinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 滅びたり | ほろびたり | forobitari |
Synonyms
- 滅ぶ (horobu)