湧

See also: 涌

湧	U+6E67, 湧 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E67

← 湦
[U+6E66]

CJK Unified Ideographs

湨 →
[U+6E68]

Translingual

Han character

湧 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水弓月尸 (ENBS), four-corner 3712₇, composition ⿰氵勇)

well up
gush forth
rise

References

KangXi: page 638, character 5
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17862
Dae Jaweon: page 1044, character 26
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1691, character 5
Unihan data for U+6E67

Chinese

trad.		湧/涌^*
simp.		涌^*
alternative forms		悀愑

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 勇 (OC *loŋʔ)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yǒng (yong³)
(Zhuyin): ㄩㄥˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jung², jung⁵
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yúng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): éng / ióng
(Teochew, Peng'im): iong³ / êng²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yǒng
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄥˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yǒng
  - Wade–Giles: yung³
  - Yale: yǔng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeong
  - Palladius: юн (jun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jʊŋ²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jung², jung⁵
  - Yale: yúng, yúhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jung², jung⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: yung², yung⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jʊŋ³⁵/, /jʊŋ¹³/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yúng
  - Hakka Romanization System: iung`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yung³
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯uŋ³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yúng
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iung`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yung³
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯uŋ³¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: éng
  - Tâi-lô: íng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: eang
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /iɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɪŋ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ióng
  - Tâi-lô: ióng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iorng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /iɔŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔŋ⁴¹/

Note:

éng - vernacular;
ióng - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: iong³ / êng²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iòng / éng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ioŋ²¹³/, /eŋ⁵²/

Note: êng2 - dialectal usage, “wave” (in 大湧, 風湧).

Middle Chinese: /jɨoŋ^X/

Rime
Character	湧
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	余隴切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨoŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/jioŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ioŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/juawŋ^X/
Li Rong	/ioŋ^X/
Wang Li	/jĭwoŋ^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯woŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yǒng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jung⁵

Definitions

湧

(of water) to spring up from below
to rush out like water; to gush
一大群人湧了出來 [MSC, trad.]
一大群人涌了出来 [MSC, simp.]
yī dà qún rén yǒng le chūlái [Pinyin]
a crowd of people gushed out
(Min Nan) wave
海湧／海涌 [Hokkien] ― hái-éng [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― sea wave

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 浪 (“wave”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		瀾, 浪
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		浪
Mandarin	Taiwan	浪
	Luoyang	浪頭
	Yinchuan	浪
	Chengdu	浪子
	Singapore	浪
Cantonese	Hong Kong	浪
Gan	Nanchang	浪
Huizhou	Jixi	浪頭
Min Dong	Fuzhou	浪
Min Nan	Xiamen	湧
	Quanzhou	湧
	Zhangzhou	湧
	Tainan	湧
	Jieyang	湧
	Leizhou	湧
	Haikou	湧
Wu	Shanghai	浪頭
	Shanghai (Chongming)	浪頭
	Ningbo	浪頭, 浪

Compounds

思如泉湧／思如泉涌
思如湧泉／思如涌泉
思若湧泉／思若涌泉
操瓶湧泉／操瓶涌泉
文思泉湧／文思泉涌
暗潮洶湧／暗潮汹涌
氣湧如山／气涌如山
泉湧／泉涌
波濤洶湧／波涛汹涌 (bōtāoxiōngyǒng)
洶湧／汹涌 (xiōngyǒng)

洶湧澎湃／汹涌澎湃
淚如泉湧／泪如泉涌 (lèirúquányǒng)
湧入／涌入 (yǒngrù)
湧出／涌出 (yǒngchū)
湧升流／涌升流
湧泉／涌泉
湧潮／涌潮 (yǒngcháo)
湧現／涌现 (yǒngxiàn)
湧進／涌进
潮湧／潮涌 (cháoyǒng)

痟狗湧／痟狗涌 (siáu-káu-éng) (Min Nan)
翻湧／翻涌 (fānyǒng)
蜂湧／蜂涌
蜂湧而出／蜂涌而出
謀如湧泉／谋如涌泉
鋪霜湧雪／铺霜涌雪 (pūshuāngyǒngxuě)
風起潮湧／风起潮涌
風起雲湧／风起云涌
風靡雲湧／风靡云涌

Japanese

Shinjitai	湧
Kyūjitai [1]	湧󠄂 湧+`󠄂`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

湧

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

(of water) to spring up from below
Synonym: 涌

Readings

Go-on: ゆう (yū, Jōyō)
Kan-on: よう (yō)
Kun: わく (waku, 湧く, Jōyō); わかす (wakasu, 湧かす); わき (waki, 湧き)
Nanori: わか (waka); わき (waki); わく (waku)

References

1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1311 (paper), page 706 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)

Korean

Hanja

湧 (eum 용 (yong))

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Vietnamese

Han character

湧: Hán Nôm readings: rụng, dộng, dũng

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[1] 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1311 (paper), page 706 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)