湘

湘

湘 U+6E58, 湘 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E58 ← 湗 [U+6E57] CJK Unified Ideographs 湙 → [U+6E59]

Translingual

Han character

湘 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水木月山 (EDBU), four-corner 3610₀, composition ⿰氵相)

References

• KangXi: page 637, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17842
• Dae Jaweon: page 1044, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1670, character 4
• Unihan data for U+6E58

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		湘

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 湘
Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (相) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
相	*slaŋ, *slaŋs
廂	*slaŋ
湘	*slaŋ
緗	*slaŋ
箱	*slaŋ
葙	*slaŋ
想	*slaŋʔ
霜	*sraŋ
孀	*sraŋ
鸘	*sraŋ
驦	*sraŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *slaŋ) : semantic 水 + phonetic 相 (OC *slaŋ, *slaŋs).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Xiāng (Xiang¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): soeng¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhiang¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): xiong¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): Siông

  (Meixian, Guangdong): xiong¹

• Min Bei (KCR): Sióng
• Min Dong (BUC): Siŏng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): Siong / Siang

  (Teochew, Peng'im): siang¹

• Wu (Wiktionary): xian (T1)
• Xiang (Wiktionary): sian¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Xiāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Siang
    • Wade–Giles: Hsiang¹
    • Yale: Syāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shiang
    • Palladius: Сян (Sjan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕjɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: soeng¹
    • Yale: sēung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soeng¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sêng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: lhiang¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬiaŋ³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: xiong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiɔŋ⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Siông
    • Hakka Romanization System: xiong´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xiong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ɕi̯oŋ²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: xiong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: Sióng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siɔŋ⁵⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: Siŏng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /suoŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siong
    • Tâi-lô: Siong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siofng
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiɔŋ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siang
    • Tâi-lô: Siang
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siafng
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕiaŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: siang¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siaŋ³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: xian (T1)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiã⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: sian¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /siæn³³/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /ɕiæn³³/

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• Middle Chinese: /sɨɐŋ/

Rime
Character	湘
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	息良切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/siɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/siɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/siaŋ/
Wang Li	/sĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	soeng1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*slaŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	湘
Reading #	1/1
No.	13581
Phonetic component	相
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	襄
Old Chinese	/*slaŋ/

Definitions

湘

1. (～江, ～水) Xiang River, an affluent of Dongting Lake
2. Short for 湖南 (Húnán, “Hunan, a province of China.”).
3. Xiang; Xiang Chinese

   湘語／湘语  ―  xiāngyǔ  ―  Xiang (variety of Chinese)

Compounds

湘口 (Xiāngkǒu) 湘君 湘夫人 湘妃 湘妃竹 (xiāngfēizhú) 湘娥 湘江 (Xiāng Jiāng) 湘江竹 湘潭 (Xiāngtán)

湘竹 (xiāngzhú) 湘裙 湘戲／湘戏 湘東／湘东 (Xiāngdōng) 湘簾／湘帘 湘繡／湘绣 湘纍／湘累 湘蓮／湘莲 (xiānglián) 湘語／湘语 (xiāngyǔ)

湘軍／湘军 湘鄉／湘乡 (Xiāngxiāng) 湘鄉派／湘乡派 湘靈／湘灵 瀟湘／潇湘 (Xiāoxiāng) 瀟湘八景／潇湘八景 瀟湘雨／潇湘雨 灕湘／漓湘

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Japanese

Kanji

湘

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

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Readings

• On (unclassified): しょう (shō); そう (sō)
• Kun: にる (niru)

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Korean

Hanja

湘 (eumhun 강 이름 상 (gang ireum sang))

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Vietnamese

Han character

湘: Hán Nôm readings: tương

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.