渾渾
Chinese
muddy | muddy | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (渾渾) | 渾 | 渾 | |
simp. (浑浑) | 浑 | 浑 |
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- (Pinyin): húnhún
- (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄣˊ
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin: húnhún
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄣˊ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwenhwen
- IPA (key): /xu̯ən³⁵ xu̯ən³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: /ɦuən ɦuən/▼
Rime | |
---|---|
Character | 渾 |
Reading # | 1/2 |
Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
Final (韻) | 魂 (55) |
Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Closed |
Division (等) | I |
Fanqie | 戸昆切 |
Reconstructions | |
Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦuən/ |
Pan Wuyun | /ɦuon/ |
Shao Rongfen | /ɣuən/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwən/ |
Li Rong | /ɣuən/ |
Wang Li | /ɣuən/ |
Bernard Karlgren | /ɣuən/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex | hún |
- Old Chinese▼
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤ[u]r [ɡ]ˤ[u]r/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡuːn ɡuːn/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
---|---|
Character | 渾 |
Reading # | 1/2 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | hún |
Middle Chinese | ‹ hwon › |
Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]ˁ[u]r/ |
English | chaotic |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
---|---|
Character | 渾 |
Reading # | 1/2 |
No. | 7321 |
Phonetic component | 軍 |
Rime group | 文 |
Rime subdivision | 2 |
Corresponding MC rime | 䰟 |
Old Chinese | /*ɡuːn/ |
Adjective
渾渾
- (literary) ignorant
- (literary) simple and honest
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Pinyin): húnhún, hùnhùn
- (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄣˊ, ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄏㄨㄣˋ
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Pinyin: húnhún
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄣˊ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwenhwen
- IPA (key): /xu̯ən³⁵ xu̯ən³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; variant in Mainland)+
- Pinyin: hùnhùn
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄏㄨㄣˋ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huennhuenn
- IPA (key): /xu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ən⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Middle Chinese: /ɦuənX ɦuənX/▼
Rime | |
---|---|
Character | 渾 |
Reading # | 2/2 |
Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
Final (韻) | 魂 (55) |
Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
Openness (開合) | Closed |
Division (等) | I |
Fanqie | 胡本切 |
Reconstructions | |
Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦuənX/ |
Pan Wuyun | /ɦuonX/ |
Shao Rongfen | /ɣuənX/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwənX/ |
Li Rong | /ɣuənX/ |
Wang Li | /ɣuənX/ |
Bernard Karlgren | /ɣuənX/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex | hùn |
- Old Chinese▼
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤurʔ [ɡ]ˤurʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡuːnʔ ɡuːnʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
---|---|
Character | 渾 |
Reading # | 2/2 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | hún |
Middle Chinese | ‹ hwonX › |
Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]ˁurʔ/ |
English | chaotic |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
---|---|
Character | 渾 |
Reading # | 2/2 |
No. | 7328 |
Phonetic component | 軍 |
Rime group | 文 |
Rime subdivision | 2 |
Corresponding MC rime | 混 |
Old Chinese | /*ɡuːnʔ/ |
Adjective
渾渾
- (literary) large
- (literary) numerous and disorderly
Pronunciation 3
For pronunciation and definitions of 渾渾 – see 滾滾 (“rolling along; billowing; churning; etc.”). (This term, 渾渾, is a variant form of 滾滾.) |
See also
- 混混 (hùnhun)