渾淪

渾淪

See also: 浑沦

Chinese

Pronunciation 1

		muddy	perish
trad. (渾淪)		渾	淪
simp. (浑沦)		浑	沦
variant forms		渾崙／浑仑

Adjective

1. complete; whole

Pronunciation 2

		muddy	perish
trad. (渾淪)		渾	淪
simp. (浑沦)		浑	沦
variant forms		渾侖／浑仑 昆侖／昆仑

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): húnlún, hùnlún

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄣˊ ㄌㄨㄣˊ, ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄌㄨㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wan⁶ leon⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
    • Pinyin: húnlún
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˊ ㄌㄨㄣˊ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwenluen
    • IPA ^(key): /xu̯ən³⁵ lu̯ən³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; variant in Mainland)⁺
    • Pinyin: hùnlún
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄌㄨㄣˊ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huennluen
    • IPA ^(key): /xu̯ən⁵¹ lu̯ən³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)
    • Jyutping: wan⁶ leon⁴
    • Yale: wahn lèuhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wan⁶ loen⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: wen⁶ lên⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /wɐn²² lɵn²¹/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 混淪／混沦 渾淪／浑沦

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• Middle Chinese: /ɦuən^X  liuɪn/▼

Rime
Character	渾	淪
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)	諄 (47)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	胡本切	力迍切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuənX/	/liuɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuonX/	/lʷin/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuənX/	/ljuen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwənX/	/lwin/
Li Rong	/ɣuənX/	/liuĕn/
Wang Li	/ɣuənX/	/lĭuĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuənX/	/li̯uĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hùn	lún

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡuːnʔ  run/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	渾
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hún
Middle Chinese	‹ hwonX ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ˁurʔ/
English	chaotic
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	渾	淪
Reading #	2/2	1/1
No.	7328	8662
Phonetic component	軍	侖
Rime group	文	文
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	混	淪
Old Chinese	/*ɡuːnʔ/	/*run/

Noun

渾淪

1. (obsolete) Alternative form of 混沌 (hùndùn).

Adjective

1. unclear; vague
2. simple; plain