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单词 涼しい
释义

涼しい

Japanese

Etymology

Kanji in this term
すず
Grade: S
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese 涼し (sususi, suzusi, cold, refreshing, cool), following シク活用 (shiku katsuyō, -shiku conjugation). First cited to the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE, and the Man'yōshū, completed sometime after 759 CE.[1]

May ultimately derive from onomatopoeia. Compare 涼む (suzumu, to cool down).

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) ずし [sùzúshíꜜì] (Nakadaka – [3])[2][3]
  • IPA(key): [sɨᵝzɨᵝɕiː]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of inflected forms of "涼しい"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Continuative (連用形)涼しくしく
ずし
[sùzúꜜshìkù]
[sùzúshíꜜkù]
Terminal (終止形)涼しいずし[sùzúshíꜜì]
Attributive (連体形)涼しいずし[sùzúshíꜜì]
Key constructions
Informal negative涼しくないしくない
ずしくない
[sùzúꜜshìkùnàì]
[sùzúshíꜜkùnàì]
Informal past涼しかったしかった
ずしかった
[sùzúꜜshìkàttà]
[sùzúshíꜜkàttà]
Informal negative past涼しくなかったしくなかった
ずしくなかった
[sùzúꜜshìkùnàkàttà]
[sùzúshíꜜkùnàkàttà]
Formal涼しいですずしいです[sùzúshíꜜìdèsù]
Conjunctive涼しくてしくて
ずしくて
[sùzúꜜshìkùtè]
[sùzúshíꜜkùtè]
Conditional涼しければしければ
ずしければ
[sùzúꜜshìkèrèbà]
[sùzúshíꜜkèrèbà]

Adjective

(すず)しい (suzushii) -i (adverbial (すず)しく (suzushiku))

  1. refreshing, cool

Inflection

Antonyms

  • (あたた)かい (atatakai): warm (of the weather)

Coordinate terms

  • (あつ) (atsui): hot (of the weather)
  • (あたた)かい (atatakai): warm (of the weather)
  • (さむ) (samui): cold (of the weather)
  • (つめ)たい (tsumetai): cold, cool (of an object)

References

  1. ”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten) (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
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