消す
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 消 |
| け Grade: 3 |
| kun’yomi |
Verb
消す (transitive, godan conjugation, hiragana けす, rōmaji kesu)
| Japanese verb pair | |
|---|---|
| active | 消す |
| mediopassive | 消える |
- to erase
- 誤字を消す
- goji o kesu
- erase wrong letters
- 誤字を消す
- to extinguish; to put out
- 火を消す
- hi o kesu
- extinguish fire
- 火を消す
- to cut power; to turn off
- 電気を消す
- denki o kesu
- turn off the light
- 電気を消す
- (slang) to rub out; to execute; to liquidate
- 回し者を消す
- mawashimono o kesu
- execute a spy
- 回し者を消す
Antonyms
- (erase): 記す (shirusu), 録る (toru) ("record")
- (extinguish): 点ける (tsukeru), 点す (tomosu) ("light"); 熾す (okosu) ("build a fire"); 発する (hassuru) ("generate")
- (turn off): 点ける (tsukeru) ("turn on")
Conjugation
Conjugation of "消す" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 消さ | けさ | kesa |
| Continuative (連用形) | 消し | けし | keshi |
| Terminal (終止形) | 消す | けす | kesu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 消す | けす | kesu |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 消せ | けせ | kese |
| Imperative (命令形) | 消せ | けせ | kese |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 消される | けされる | kesareru |
| Causative | 消させる 消さす | けさせる けさす | kesaseru kesasu |
| Potential | 消せる | けせる | keseru |
| Volitional | 消そう | けそう | kesō |
| Negative | 消さない | けさない | kesanai |
| Negative continuative | 消さず | けさず | kesazu |
| Formal | 消します | けします | keshimasu |
| Perfective | 消した | けした | keshita |
| Conjunctive | 消して | けして | keshite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 消せば | けせば | keseba |
Classical conjugation of "消す" (サ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 消さ | けさ | kesa |
| Continuative (連用形) | 消し | けし | kesi |
| Terminal (終止形) | 消す | けす | kesu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 消す | けす | kesu |
| Realis (已然形) | 消せ | けせ | kese |
| Imperative (命令形) | 消せ | けせ | kese |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 消さず | けさず | kesazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 消せど | けせど | kesedo |
| Causal conjunction | 消せば | けせば | keseba |
| Conditional conjunction | 消さば | けさば | kesaba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 消しき | けしき | kesiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 消しけり | けしけり | kesikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 消しつ | けしつ | kesitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 消しぬ | けしぬ | kesinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 消せり 消したり | けせり けしたり | keseri kesitari |
Derived terms
- 火消し (hikeshi, “firefighting”)
- 消しゴム (keshigomu, “eraser, rubber”)
- 黒板消し (kokubankeshi, “chalkboard eraser”)
Related terms
- 消える (kieru, intransitive): to disappear; to vanish