浴びせる

浴びせる

Japanese

Etymology

Kanji in this term
浴
あ Grade: 4
kun’yomi

/abusu/ → /abusuru/ → /abisuru/ → /abiseru/

From classical verb 浴びす (abisu), itself from older 浴ぶす (abusu), ultimately from Old Japanese 浴むす (amusu). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Development

Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) あびせる [àbísérú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
• IPA^(key): [a̠bʲise̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

浴(あ)びせる • (abiseru) transitive ichidan (stem 浴(あ)びせ (abise), past 浴(あ)びせた (abiseta))

1. to pour (water) on
2. to be subject to, shower (abuse) upon, deluge with

   彼(かれ)は私(わたし)に毒舌(どくぜつ)を浴(あ)びせた。 ― kare wa watashi ni dokuzetsu o abiseta. ― He showered abuse on me.

3. to pass (responsibility, notoriety, a difficult problem, etc.) onto; compare English pass the torch
4. (sumo) to put one’s body onto (an opponent)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "浴びせる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	浴びせ	あびせ	abise
Continuative (連用形)	浴びせ	あびせ	abise
Terminal (終止形)	浴びせる	あびせる	abiseru
Attributive (連体形)	浴びせる	あびせる	abiseru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	浴びせれ	あびせれ	abisere
Imperative (命令形)	浴びせよ¹ 浴びせろ²	あびせよ¹ あびせろ²	abiseyo¹ abisero²
Key constructions
Passive	浴びせられる	あびせられる	abiserareru
Causative	浴びせさせる 浴びせさす	あびせさせる あびせさす	abisesaseru abisesasu
Potential	浴びせられる 浴びせれる³	あびせられる あびせれる³	abiserareru abisereru³
Volitional	浴びせよう	あびせよう	abiseyō
Negative	浴びせない 浴びせぬ 浴びせん	あびせない あびせぬ あびせん	abisenai abisenu abisen
Negative continuative	浴びせず	あびせず	abisezu
Formal	浴びせます	あびせます	abisemasu
Perfective	浴びせた	あびせた	abiseta
Conjunctive	浴びせて	あびせて	abisete
Hypothetical conditional	浴びせれば	あびせれば	abisereba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential

Derived terms

• 浴(あ)びせ掛(か)ける (abisekakeru)
• 浴(あ)びせ倒(たお)し (abisetaoshi)
• 売(う)り浴(あ)びせ (uriabise)

Idioms

• 座(ざ)頭(とう)に煮(に)え湯(ゆ)を浴(あ)びせる (zatō ni nie yu o abiseru)
• 冷(ひ)や水(みず)を浴(あ)びせる (hiyamizu o abiseru)

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN