洋

洋	U+6D0B, 洋 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D0B

← 洊
[U+6D0A]

CJK Unified Ideographs

洌 →
[U+6D0C]

Translingual

Han character

洋 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 水廿手 (ETQ), four-corner 3815₁, composition ⿰氵羊)

References

KangXi: page 619, character 28

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17363

Dae Jaweon: page 1014, character 19

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1615, character 11

Unihan data for U+6D0B

Chinese

simp. and trad.		洋

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (羊) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
样	ʔslaːŋ, laŋ
佯	zlaŋ, laŋ
詳	ljaŋ, laŋ
洋	ljaŋ, laŋ
翔	*ljaŋ
庠	*ljaŋ
祥	*ljaŋ
痒	ljaŋ, laŋʔ
姜	*klaŋ
羌	*kʰlaŋ
蜣	*kʰlaŋ
猐	*kʰlaŋ
唴	*kʰlaŋs
羊	*laŋ
徉	*laŋ
烊	*laŋ
蛘	laŋ, laŋʔ
眻	laŋ, laŋs
鴹	*laŋ
恙	*laŋs
羕	*laŋs
樣	*laŋs
漾	*laŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ljaŋ, *laŋ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 羊 (OC *laŋ).

Etymology

“multitudinous; vast; ocean”: Schuessler (2007) compares it with Tibetan ཡངས་པ (yangs pa, “wide; extensive; vast; spacious”). In contrast, Starostin sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lɨ̆ŋ (“wave”), encompassing this and Tibetan ཀློང (klong, “space; expanse; wave”), Burmese လှိုင်း (hluing:, “wave; to abound; plentiful”).; Compare 羕 (OC *laŋs, “(of rivers) long”), 漾 (OC *laŋs, “waves; (of rivers) long”).
"vast expanse of flat land": The same word as 陽 (OC *laŋ), which is a variant of 野 (OC *laːʔ, “plain”), used in 平陽／平阳 (píngyáng, “flat land”) and many place names in which 陽／阳 (yáng) does not seem to mean "south side of mountain or north side of river" (Pan, 2016). It is also the same word as 垟 (yáng), used in place names. Cognate with 浪 (làng), 塱 (lǎng), 埌 (làng) used in place names.

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): yáng (yang²)
(Zhuyin): ㄧㄤˊ
(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ён (i͡on, I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): joeng⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): iong⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yòng
(Meixian, Guangdong): yong²
Jin (Wiktionary): ion¹
Min Bei (KCR): iô̤ng
Min Dong (BUC): iòng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): iûⁿ / iôⁿ / iông / iâng
(Teochew, Peng'im): ion⁵ / iên⁵ / iang⁵
Wu (Wiktionary): hhian (T3)
Xiang (Wiktionary): ian²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yáng
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yáng
  - Wade–Giles: yang²
  - Yale: yáng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yang
  - Palladius: ян (jan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑŋ³⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ён (i͡on, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iɑŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: joeng⁴
  - Yale: yèuhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: joeng⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yêng⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jœːŋ²¹/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: iong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iɔŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yòng
  - Hakka Romanization System: iongˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yong²
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯oŋ¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yòng
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iongˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yong²
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯oŋ¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: yong²
  - Sinological IPA: /iɔŋ¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ion¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /iɒ̃¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: iô̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iɔŋ³³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: iòng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yoŋ⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iûⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: iûnn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: viuu
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iũ²³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /iũ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iôⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: iônn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: viooi
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɔ̃¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iông
  - Tâi-lô: iông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ioong
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /iɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔŋ²³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iâng
  - Tâi-lô: iâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iaang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iaŋ¹³/

Note:

iûⁿ/iôⁿ - vernacular;
iông/iâng - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ion⁵ / iên⁵ / iang⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iôⁿ / iêⁿ / iâng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ĩõ⁵⁵/, /ĩẽ⁵⁵/, /iaŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

ion5/iên5 - vernacular (iên5 - Chaozhou);
iang5 - literary.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: hhian (T3)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɦiã²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: ian²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iæn¹³/

Middle Chinese: /jɨɐŋ/

Rime
Character	洋
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	與章切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/iɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/iaŋ/
Wang Li	/jĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yáng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	joeng⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢ(r)aŋ/
(Zhengzhang): /*laŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	洋
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yáng
Middle Chinese	‹ yang ›
Old Chinese	/*ɢ(r)aŋ/
English	"great expanse of water"
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	洋
Reading #	2/2
No.	14536
Phonetic component	羊
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	陽
Old Chinese	/*laŋ/

Definitions

洋

multitudinous; vast
ocean; vast area of sea; great expanse of water
太平洋 ― Tàipíngyáng ― the Pacific Ocean
overseas; foreign; western; imported
洋人 ― yángrén ― foreigner (especially a westerner or Caucasian)
洋蔥／洋葱 ― yángcōng ― onion (literally, “Western green onion”)
- 今也舉國之所服者，洋織也，洋染也。舉國之所用者，洋物也。所接者，洋人也。所津津而流涎者，洋之奇技淫巧也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  今也举国之所服者，洋织也，洋染也。举国之所用者，洋物也。所接者，洋人也。所津津而流涎者，洋之奇技淫巧也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: 1881, 《朝鮮王朝實錄》 (Joseon Veritable Records)
  Jīn yě jǔguó zhī suǒ fú zhě, yáng zhī yě, yáng rǎn yě. Jǔguó zhī suǒ yòng zhě, yáng wù yě. Suǒ jiē zhě, yángrén yě. Suǒ jīnjīn ér liúxián zhě, yáng zhī qíjìyínqiǎo yě. [Pinyin]
  In these days, what is worn in the entire country are Western clothes with Western dyes. What is used in the entire country are Western things. The people that one greets are Western men. What is overflowing and coveted are the clever tricks and wicked craft of the Westerners.
modern; stylish; fashionable
novel; unusual
(historical or Shanghainese Wu) foreign money; dollar (Classifier: 隻／只 w)
撥我三隻洋。 [Shanghainese, trad.]
拨我三只洋。 [Shanghainese, simp.]
From: 2007, Qian Nairong, 上海话大词典, page 29
[pəʔ⁴⁴ ŋv̩ʷ²³ se̞⁵⁵ t͡sa̱ʔ²¹ ɦiã²³] [IPA]
Give me three dollars.
(Min) vast expanse of flat land
A river in southern Shaanxi, China
a surname

Compounds

Derived terms from 洋

一片汪洋
三大洋
中洋脊
五大洋
伶仃洋 (Língdīngyáng)
假洋鬼子
光洋
冰洋
出洋 (chūyáng)
出洋相 (chū yángxiàng)
北冰洋 (Běibīngyáng)
北洋 (běiyáng)
北洋大臣
南冰洋 (Nánbīngyáng)
南北洋
南洋 (Nányáng)
南洋大臣
印度洋 (Yìndùyáng)
唱洋梆子
喜洋洋 (xǐyángyáng)
喝洋水
外洋 (wàiyáng)
大度汪洋
大洋 (dàyáng)
大洋洲 (Dàyángzhōu)
大洋盆地
大西洋 (Dàxīyáng)
太平洋 (Tàipíngyáng)
小洋
崇洋 (chóngyáng)
崇洋媚外 (chóngyángmèiwài)
彷洋
得意洋洋 (déyìyángyáng)
拉洋片 (lā yángpiān)
放洋
方洋
暖洋洋 (nuǎnyángyáng)
望洋 (wàngyáng)
毫洋
汪洋 (wāngyáng)
汪洋大海 (wāngyángdàhǎi)
汪洋浩博
汪洋自恣
汪洋自肆
沙洋 (Shāyáng)
洋井
洋人 (yángrén)
洋包子
洋化 (yánghuà)
洋叫
洋名字
洋嗓子
洋坪 (Yángpíng)
洋基 (Yángjī)
洋奴 (yángnú)
洋娃娃 (yángwáwa)
洋布 (yángbù)
洋底盆地
洋式
洋房 (yángfáng)
洋文 (yángwén)
洋服 (yángfú)
洋梓 (Yángzǐ)
洋槐 (yánghuái)
洋河
洋油 (yángyóu)
洋洋 (yángyáng)
洋洋得意 (yángyángdéyì)
洋洋自得 (yángyángzìdé)
洋津畈 (Yángjīnfàn)
洋派
洋流
洋港 (Yánggǎng)
洋溢 (yángyì)
洋溪 (Yángxī)
洋火 (yánghuǒ)
洋火腿
洋灰 (yánghuī)

洋版
洋琴 (yángqín)
洋瓷
洋白菜 (yángbáicài)
洋相 (yángxiàng)
洋磁
洋篷
洋粉
洋罪
洋芋 (yángyù)
洋芋片 (yángyùpiàn)
洋菇 (yánggū)
洋菜 (yángcài)
洋行 (yángháng)
洋裁
洋酒 (yángjiǔ)
洋金
洋香瓜
洋鬼子 (yángguǐzi)
洋麻
洸洋
海洋 (hǎiyáng)
海洋放流
海洋生物
海洋能
海洋隆起
漂洋 (piāoyáng)
潢洋
留洋
白洋 (Báiyáng)
磨洋工 (móyánggōng)
茫洋
西洋 (Xīyáng)
西洋人 (xīyángrén)
西洋史
西洋景 (xīyángjǐng)
西洋棋 (xīyángqí)
西洋象棋 (xīyáng xiàngqí)
赤道洋流
越洋 (yuèyáng)
重洋 (chóngyáng)
零丁洋
食洋不化
北洋海軍／北洋海军
北洋航線／北洋航线
北洋軍閥／北洋军阀 (Běiyáng Jūnfá)
十里洋場／十里洋场 (shílǐyángchǎng)
南洋群島／南洋群岛
南洋航線／南洋航线
吃洋飯／吃洋饭
喜氣洋洋／喜气洋洋 (xǐqìyángyáng)
土洋結合／土洋结合
巡洋艦／巡洋舰 (xúnyángjiàn)
意氣洋洋／意气洋洋
懶洋洋／懒洋洋 (lǎnyángyáng)
望洋興歎／望洋兴叹
望洋驚嘆／望洋惊叹
東洋／东洋 (Dōngyáng)
東洋人／东洋人 (dōngyángrén)
東洋劍／东洋剑
東洋大海／东洋大海
東洋話／东洋话
東洋車／东洋车 (dōngyángchē)
江洋大盜／江洋大盗
汪洋閎肆／汪洋闳肆
洋乾漆／洋干漆
洋傘／洋伞 (yángsǎn)
洋勁／洋劲
洋務／洋务 (yángwù)
洋務運動／洋务运动 (Yángwù Yùndòng)
洋商陸／洋商陆
洋地黃／洋地黄 (yángdìhuáng)
洋場／洋场 (yángchǎng)
洋廣貨／洋广货
洋撈／洋捞
洋書／洋书
洋槍／洋枪 (yángqiāng)
洋樓／洋楼 (yánglóu)

洋橄欖／洋橄榄
洋氣／洋气 (yángqì)
洋洋喜氣／洋洋喜气
洋洋大觀／洋洋大观
洋洋灑灑／洋洋洒洒 (yángyángsǎsǎ)
洋洋纚纚／洋洋𫄥𫄥
洋溝／洋沟
洋煙／洋烟
洋燈／洋灯 (yángdēng)
洋燭／洋烛 (yángzhú)
洋爐／洋炉
洋玉蘭／洋玉兰
洋畫兒／洋画儿
洋盤／洋盘
洋碼子／洋码子 (yángmǎzi)
洋節／洋节 (yángjié)
洋紅／洋红 (yánghóng)
洋紗／洋纱
洋紙／洋纸
洋紫荊／洋紫荆 (yángzǐjīng)
洋緞／洋缎
洋繡球／洋绣球
洋繩／洋绳
洋菸／洋烟
洋蔥／洋葱 (yángcōng)
洋藥／洋药
洋蘭／洋兰
洋蠟／洋蜡 (yánglà)
洋裝／洋装 (yángzhuāng)
洋話／洋话 (yánghuà)
洋財／洋财 (yángcái)
洋貨／洋货 (yánghuò)
洋車／洋车 (yángchē)
洋銀／洋银
洋錢／洋钱 (yángqián)
洋鐵／洋铁
洋鐵皮／洋铁皮
洋關／洋关
洋馬兒／洋马儿
洋鹼／洋碱 (yángjiǎn)
洋麵／洋面
海洋化學／海洋化学 (hǎiyáng huàxué)
海洋地質／海洋地质
海洋學／海洋学 (hǎiyángxué)
海洋文學／海洋文学
海洋權／海洋权
海洋氣候／海洋气候
海洋漁業／海洋渔业
海洋牧場／海洋牧场
海洋環流／海洋环流
海洋線／海洋线
海洋觀測／海洋观测
海洋資源／海洋资源
海洋開發／海洋开发
漁洋關／渔洋关 (Yúyángguān)
瀇洋／㲿洋
爛板洋錢／烂板洋钱
現大洋／现大洋 (xiàndàyáng)
現洋／现洋 (xiànyáng)
發洋財／发洋财 (fāyángcái)
蘆洋／芦洋 (Lúyáng)
西洋劍／西洋剑
西洋參／西洋参 (xīyángshēn)
西洋畫／西洋画
西洋鏡／西洋镜 (xīyángjìng)
越洋電話／越洋电话
遠洋／远洋 (yuǎnyáng)
遠洋漁業／远洋渔业
遠渡重洋／远渡重洋 (yuǎndùchóngyáng)
銀洋／银洋
開洋／开洋 (kāiyáng)
開洋葷／开洋荤
陶聲洋／陶声洋
飄洋／飘洋
飄洋過海／飘洋过海
鷹洋／鹰洋
龍洋／龙洋

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (洋):

→ Japanese: 洋(よう) (yō)
→ Korean: 양(洋) (yang)
→ Vietnamese: dương (洋)

Others:

→ Zhuang: yangz

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiáng (xiang²)
(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiáng
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siáng
  - Wade–Giles: hsiang²
  - Yale: syáng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyang
  - Palladius: сян (sjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕjɑŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: coeng⁴
  - Yale: chèuhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: cêng⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃʰœːŋ²¹/

Middle Chinese: /zɨɐŋ/

Rime
Character	洋
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	似羊切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/zɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ziɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ziɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/zɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/ziaŋ/
Wang Li	/zĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/zi̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiáng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	coeng⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ljaŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	洋
Reading #	1/2
No.	14525
Phonetic component	羊
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	詳
Old Chinese	/*ljaŋ/

Definitions

洋

^† Alternative form of 翔 (xiáng, “to soar; wing; side”).
^† Alternative form of 祥 (xiáng, “good fortune; to bless”).
^† Alternative form of 祥 (xiáng, “gentle; tender”).
^† Alternative name for 彌河／弥河 (“Mi River in Shandong”).
^† (～州) Yang Prefecture (an ancient prefecture of Shaanxi, China)

Pronunciation 3

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yǎng (yang³)
(Zhuyin): ㄧㄤˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yǎng
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yǎng
  - Wade–Giles: yang³
  - Yale: yǎng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeang
  - Palladius: ян (jan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑŋ²¹⁴/

Definitions

洋

^† Only used in 洋洋, alternative form of 養養／养养 (yǎngyǎng, “worried; anxious”).

References

“洋”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

洋

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

ocean
foreign country
the West
vast, wide

Readings

From Middle Chinese 洋 (MC jɨɐŋ, “ocean, West”):

Go-on: よう (yō, Jōyō)^{←やう (yau, historical)}
Kan-on: よう (yō, Jōyō)^{←やう (yau, historical)}

From Middle Chinese 洋 (MC zɨɐŋ, “Mi River”):

Go-on: ぞう (zō)^{←ざう (zau, historical)}
Kan-on: しょう (shō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}

Native Japanese readings:

Kun: なだ (nada, 洋)
Nanori: あきら (akira); うみ (umi); おおみ (ōmi)^{←おほみ (ofomi, historical)}; きよ (kiyo); なみ (nami); はるか (haruka); ひろ (hiro); ひろし (hiroshi); ひろみ (hiromi); ひろむ (hiromu); ふかし (fukashi); み (mi); ゆたか (yutaka); わたる (wataru)

Compounds

洋(よう)洋(よう), 洋(よう)々(よう) (yōyō)
洋(よう)上(じょう) (yōjō)
遠(えん)洋(よう) (en'yō)
海(かい)洋(よう) (kaiyō)
外(がい)洋(よう) (gaiyō)
極(きょく)洋(よう) (kyokuyō)
洸(こう)洋(よう), 潢(こう)洋(よう) (kōyō)
西(せい)洋(よう) (seiyō)
大(たい)西(せい)洋(よう) (Taiseiyō)
太(たい)平(へい)洋(よう) (Taiheiyō)
大(たい)洋(よう) (taiyō)
東(とう)洋(よう) (tōyō)
渡(と)洋(よう) (toyō)
南(なん)洋(よう) (nan'yō)
望(ぼう)洋(よう) (bōyō)
芒(ぼう)洋(よう), 茫(ぼう)洋(よう) (bōyō)
北(ほく)洋(よう) (hokuyō)
洋(よう)灯(とう) (yōtō), 洋灯(ランプ) (ranpu)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
洋
よう Grade: 3
on’yomi

/jɨau/ → /jɔː/ → /joː/

From Middle Chinese 洋 (MC jɨɐŋ). Compare modern Mandarin 洋 (yáng).

Pronunciation

On’yomi

(Tokyo) よー [yóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
IPA^(key): [jo̞ː]

Noun

洋(よう) • (yō) ^{←やう (yau)^?}

an ocean
(by extension, from the sense of across the ocean) the East (Orient) or especially the West (Occident)

Derived terms

洋画(ようが) (yōga)
洋学(ようがく) (yōgaku)
洋楽(ようがく) (yōgaku)
洋掛(ようがけ), 洋(よう)掛(が)け (yōgake)
洋菓子(ようがし) (yōgashi)
洋(よう)辛子(がらし), 洋(よう)芥子(がらし) (yōgarashi)
洋行(ようこう) (yōkō)
洋裁(ようさい) (yōsai)
洋紙(ようし) (yōshi)
洋書(ようしょ) (yōsho)
洋食(ようしょく) (yōshoku)
洋装(ようそう) (yōsō)
洋凧(ようだこ) (yōdako)
洋灯(ようとう) (yōtō)
洋(よう)鋏(ばさみ) (yōbasami)
洋品(ようひん) (yōhin)
洋本(ようほん) (yōhon)
洋風(ようふう) (yōfū)
洋服(ようふく) (yōfuku)
和洋(わよう) (wayō)

Idioms

洋(よう)の東(とう)西(ざい)を問(と)わず (yō no tōzai o towazu): “regardless of east or west of the ocean” → in either the East or the West → anywhere in the world, all over the world

Proper noun

洋(よう) • (Yō) ^{←やう (yau)^?}

a surname
a male or female given name

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
洋
なだ Grade: 3
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[2]

Alternative forms

灘

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi

(Tokyo) なだ [náꜜdà] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
IPA^(key): [na̠da̠]

Noun

洋(なだ) • (nada)

Alternative spelling of 灘 (nada): the open sea

Proper noun

洋(なだ) • (Nada)

a surname

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
洋
ひろし Grade: 3
irregular

Nominalization of the 終止形 (shūshikei, “terminal form”) of classical adjective 広し (hiroshi), modern 広い (hiroi, “vast, wide”).

Pronunciation

(Irregular reading)

IPA^(key): [çiɾo̞ɕi]

Proper noun

洋(ひろし) • (Hiroshi)

a surname
a male or female given name

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 17, poem 3893), text here

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 洋 (MC jɨɐŋ). Recorded as Middle Korean 야ᇰ (yang) (Yale: yang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource洋 (eumhun 큰 바다 양 (keun bada yang))

Hanja form^? of 양 (“ocean; western”).

Compounds

양인 (洋人, yang'in, “westerner”)
서양 (西洋, seoyang, “the West (Europe, America)”)
동양 (東洋, dong'yang, “the East, the Orient (Asia)”)
양식 (洋式, yangsik, “western style”)
양식 (洋食, yangsik, “western food”)
해양 (海洋, haeyang, “ocean, sea”)
양말 (洋襪, yangmal, “socks”)
양복 (洋服, yangbok, “suit”)
원양 (遠洋, wonyang, “far sea, deep sea”)
태평양 (太平洋, taepyeong'yang, “the Pacific”)
대서양 (大西洋, daeseoyang, “the Atlantic”)
인도양 (印度洋, indoyang, “the Indian Ocean”)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

洋: Hán Nôm readings: dương

chữ Hán form of dương (“ocean”).

[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[2] . 759, Man'yōshū (book 17, poem 3893), text here