沾
See also: 霑
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Translingual
Han character
沾 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水卜口 (EYR), four-corner 31160, composition ⿰氵占)
Derived characters
- 𮏝, 𥮒, 𨵍, 霑, 𡝫, 惉, 𤊁
Related characters
- 霑 (Variant form in mainland China)
Further reading
- KangXi: page 614, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17259
- Dae Jaweon: page 1008, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1583, character 6
- Unihan data for U+6CBE
Chinese
| simp. and trad. | 沾 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 沾 |
|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Small seal script |
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Characters in the same phonetic series (占) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 頕 | *taːm |
| 煔 | *ɦlaːm, *hljems, *hl'eːms |
| 炶 | *ɦlaːm |
| 詀 | *rteːm, *rdeːms, *teːm, *tʰjeb |
| 站 | *rteːms |
| 檆 | *sreːm |
| 黏 | *nem |
| 粘 | *nem |
| 枮 | *slem, *ʔl'ɯm |
| 霑 | *tem |
| 沾 | *tem, *teːms, *tʰeːm |
| 覘 | *tems, *tʰem |
| 鉆 | *tʰem, *ɡrem, *tʰeːb |
| 占 | *ʔljem, *tjems |
| 颭 | *tjemʔ |
| 佔 | *tjems, *teːm |
| 苫 | *hljem, *hljems |
| 痁 | *hljem, *teːms |
| 蛅 | *njem |
| 阽 | *lem |
| 敁 | *teːm |
| 掂 | *tiːm |
| 點 | *teːmʔ |
| 玷 | *teːmʔ, *teːms |
| 店 | *tiːms |
| 坫 | *tiːms, *tim |
| 黇 | *tʰeːm |
| 扂 | *deːmʔ |
| 拈 | *neːm |
| 鮎 | *neːm |
| 砧 | *ʔl'ɯm |
| 笘 | *teːb |
| 跕 | *teːb, *tʰeːb |
| 貼 | *tʰeːb |
| 帖 | *tʰeːb |
| 怗 | *tʰeːb |
| 呫 | *tʰeːb |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tem, *teːms, *tʰeːm) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 占 (OC *ʔljem, *tjems).
Ganlu Zishu considers this glyph to be an unorthodox variant of 霑 (zhān).
Etymology 1
Austroasiatic; compare Khmer ត្រាំ (tram, “to soak”), តំរាំ (tɑmrŏəm, “soaking; immersion; something which has been soaked”), ជ្រាំ (crŏəm, “muddy water”), Proto-Bahnaric *tram (“to soak”), *kram (“to sink”), Proto-Katuic *tram (“to soak”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
Definitions
沾
- † abundant; overflowing; brimming
- to soak; to moisten
- 麗之姬，艾封人之子也。晉國之始得之也，涕泣沾襟。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE
- Lì zhī jī, Ài fēng rén zhī zǐ yě. Jìnguó zhī shǐ dé zhī yě, tìqì zhān jīn. [Pinyin]
- The concubine of Li was the daughter of a person from the frontiers of Ai. Initially, when the king of Jin took her as his concubine, she cried until her tears soaked her clothes.
丽之姬，艾封人之子也。晋国之始得之也，涕泣沾襟。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- to share in (a benefit); to benefit through association
- † to influence; to edify
- 若乃文約之所沾漸，風聲之所周流，幾將日所出入處也。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Book of the Later Han, circa 5th century CE
- Ruò nǎi wényuē zhī suǒ zhān jiàn, fēngshēng zhī suǒ zhōuliú, jǐ jiāng rì suǒ chūrù chù yě. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this example)
若乃文约之所沾渐，风声之所周流，几将日所出入处也。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
- to be stained with; to be contaminated by
- 我的鞋子沾到泥巴了。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
- Wǒ de xiézi zhān dào níbā le. [Pinyin]
- My shoes are stained with mud.
- to touch; to come into contact with
- 我這無根水，非此之論，乃是天上落下者，不沾地就吃，才叫做無根水。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
- From: Wu Cheng'en, Journey to the West, 16th century CE
- Wǒ zhè wú gēn shuǐ, fēi cǐ zhī lùn, nǎi shì tiānshàng luòxià zhě, bù zhān dì jiù chī, cái jiàozuò wú gēn shuǐ. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this example)
我这无根水，非此之论，乃是天上落下者，不沾地就吃，才叫做无根水。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
- (dialectal) to be good; to be okay
Synonyms
- (to benefit):
edit
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- (to touch):
edit
Synonyms of 沾
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Compounds
Derived terms from 沾
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Pronunciation
Definitions
沾
- (～水) an ancient river that flows from Huguan County, Shanxi into the Qi (淇) River in Henan, China
- 又東北，沾水注之，水出壺關縣東沾臺下，石壁崇高，昂藏隱天 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: Li Daoyuan, Commentary on the Water Classic, 386-534 CE
- yòu dōngběi, Zhānshuǐ zhù zhī, shuǐ chū Húguānxiàn dōng zhān tái xià, shíbì chónggāo, ángcáng yǐn tiān [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this example)
又东北，沾水注之，水出壶关县东沾台下，石壁崇高，昂藏隐天 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
Pronunciation
Definitions
沾
- † Alternative form of 添 (tiān, “to increase”).
- † thin
- 吳酸蒿蔞，不沾薄只。魂兮歸來！恣所擇只。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Verses of Chu, 4th century BCE – 2nd century CE
- Wú suān hāo lóu, bù zhān bó zhǐ. Hún xī guīlái! Zì suǒ zé zhǐ. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this example)
吴酸蒿蒌，不沾薄只。魂兮归来！恣所择只。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Pronunciation
Definitions
沾
- (～水) an ancient river flowing from Xiyang County, Shanxi into Ye (冶) River in Hebei
- (～縣) (historical) a county in the Han dynasty southwest of Xiyang County
- 出上黨沾縣西北少山大要谷，南過縣西，又從縣南屈。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: Li Daoyuan, Commentary on the Water Classic, 386-534 CE
- Chū Shàngdǎng Diànxiàn xīběi Shào shān Dàyào gǔ, nán guò xiàn xī, yòu cóng xiàn nán qū. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this example)
出上党沾县西北少山大要谷，南过县西，又从县南屈。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
Etymology 5
| For pronunciation and definitions of 沾 – see 覘 (“peek; spy on, watch; etc.”). (This character, 沾, is a variant form of 覘.) |
Etymology 6
| For pronunciation and definitions of 沾 – see 蘸 (“to dip in; to submerge in; to dip in; etc.”). (This character, 沾, is the second-round simplified form of 蘸.) |
Notes:
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Japanese
Kanji
沾
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)
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Readings
- On (unclassified): てん (ten)
- Kun: うるおう (uruō)
Compounds
- 均沾 (kinten)
Korean
Etymology 1
From Middle Chinese 沾 (MC ʈˠiᴇm).
Hanja
Wikisource沾 (eumhun 시다 첨 (sida cheom))
- Hanja form? of 첨 (“to soak; to moisten”).
Compounds
Compounds
- 첨습 (沾濕, cheomseup)
- 첨유 (沾濡, cheomyu)
- 첨의 (沾衣, cheomui)
- 첨흡 (沾洽, cheomheup)
- 균첨 (均沾, gyuncheom)
Etymology 2
From Middle Chinese 沾 (MC tʰem).
Hanja
沾 (eumhun 더할 첨 (deohal cheom))
- Alternative form of 添 (“Hanja form? of 첨 (“to append; to increase”).”)
Hanja
沾 (eumhun 경망할 첩 (gyeongmanghal cheop))
- Hanja form? of 첩 (“frivolous; discourteous; smug”).
Compounds
- 첩첩 (沾沾, cheopcheop)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.
Vietnamese
Han character
沾: Hán Nôm readings: chăm, trèm, triêm, chem, thêm
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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