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单词 治
释义

治

治 U+6CBB, 治
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CBB
← 沺
[U+6CBA]		CJK Unified Ideographs沼 →
[U+6CBC]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

治 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水戈口 (EIR), four-corner 33160, composition ⿰氵台)

Derived characters

  • 箈, 菭, 𠶠, 𤦮, 𤷩, 𨵔, 𩃦

References

  • KangXi: page 614, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17256
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1007, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1599, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+6CBB

Chinese

simp. and trad.
治
alternative forms𣳮

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (台) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
胎*l̥ʰɯː
台*l̥ʰɯː, *l'ɯː, *l'ɯː, *lɯ
邰*l̥ʰɯː
鮐*l̥ʰɯː, *lɯ
孡*l̥ʰɯː
苔*l'ɯː
抬*l'ɯː
駘*l'ɯː, *l'ɯːʔ
炱*l'ɯː
菭*l'ɯː, *l'i
跆*l'ɯː
殆*l'ɯːʔ
怠*l'ɯːʔ
迨*l'ɯːʔ
紿*l'ɯːʔ
詒*l'ɯːʔ, *lɯ
軩*l'ɯːʔ
咍*hlɯː
佁*lɯːʔ, *l̥ʰɯs, *lɯʔ
枲*slɯʔ
辝*ljɯ
鈶*ljɯʔ
笞*l̥ʰɯ
齝*l̥ʰɯ, *hljɯ
眙*l̥ʰɯs, *lɯ
治*l'ɯ, *l'ɯs, *l'is
始*hljɯʔ
怡*lɯ
貽*lɯ
飴*lɯ
瓵*lɯ
珆*li

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *l'ɯ, *l'ɯs, *l'is) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 台 (OC *l̥ʰɯː, *l'ɯː, *l'ɯː, *lɯ) — name of a river.

Etymology 1

Sagart (1999) relates it to 釐 (OC *rɯ, “to govern; to regulate”).

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhì, chí (zhi4, chi2)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓˋ, ㄔˊ
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): zi6, ci4
  • Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhṳ
  • Min Dong (BUC): dê
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): tī / tǐ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): di7
  • Wu (Wiktionary): zr (T3)
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: zhì
      • Zhuyin: ㄓˋ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: jhìh
      • Wade–Giles: chih4
      • Yale: jr̀
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyh
      • Palladius: чжи (čži)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: chí
      • Zhuyin: ㄔˊ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: chíh
      • Wade–Giles: chʻih2
      • Yale: chŕ
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyr
      • Palladius: чи (či)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/
Note: chí - literary pronunciation used in 統治／统治 (tǒngzhì), 治國／治国 (zhìguó), etc..
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: zi6, ci4
      • Yale: jih, chìh
      • Cantonese Pinyin: dzi6, tsi4
      • Guangdong Romanization: ji6, qi4
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siː²²/, /t͡sʰiː²¹/
Note: ci4 - used in 治家, 治國, etc..
  • Hakka
    • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ
      • Hakka Romanization System: cii
      • Hagfa Pinyim: ci4
      • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵/
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: dê
      • Sinological IPA (key): /tɛi²⁴²/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tī
      • Tâi-lô: tī
      • Phofsit Daibuun: di
      • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ti³³/
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ti²²/
    • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tǐ
      • Tâi-lô: tǐ
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /ti²²/
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: di7
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tī
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ti¹¹/
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: zr (T3)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /z̥z̩²³/
  • Dialectal data
VarietyLocation
edit
治
MandarinBeijing/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
Harbin/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵³/
Tianjin/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵³/
Jinan/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹/
Qingdao/tʃz̩⁴²/
Zhengzhou/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³¹²/
Xi'an/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
Xining/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹³/
Yinchuan/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩¹³/
Lanzhou/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩¹³/
Ürümqi/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹³/
Wuhan/t͡sz̩³⁵/
Chengdu/t͡sz̩¹³/
Guiyang/t͡sz̩²¹³/
Kunming/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹²/
Nanjing/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
Hefei/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵³/
JinTaiyuan/t͡sz̩⁴⁵/
Pingyao/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/
Hohhot/t͡sz̩⁵⁵/
WuShanghai/zz̩²³/
Suzhou/zz̩ʷ³¹/
Hangzhou/d͡zz̩¹³/
Wenzhou/d͡zz̩²²/
HuiShexian/t͡ɕʰi²²/
Tunxi/t͡ɕi²⁴/
XiangChangsha/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
Xiangtan/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
GanNanchang/t͡sʰz̩²¹/
HakkaMeixian/t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Taoyuan/tʃʰï⁵⁵/
CantoneseGuangzhou/t͡si²²/
Nanning/t͡si²²/
Hong Kong/t͡si²²/
MinXiamen (Min Nan)/ti²²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong)/tɛi²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei)/ti³³/
/ti⁴²/
Shantou (Min Nan)/ti³¹/
Haikou (Min Nan)/t͡si³³/
  • Middle Chinese: /ɖɨ/, /ɖˠiɪH/, /ɖɨH/
Rime
Character治治治
Reading #1/32/33/3
Initial (聲)澄 (11)澄 (11)澄 (11)
Final (韻)之 (19)脂 (17)之 (19)
Tone (調)Level (Ø)Departing (H)Departing (H)
Openness (開合)OpenOpenOpen
Division (等)IIIIIIIII
Fanqie直之切直利切直吏切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/ɖɨ//ɖˠiɪH//ɖɨH/
Pan
Wuyun		/ɖɨ//ɖᵚiH//ɖɨH/
Shao
Rongfen		/ȡie//ȡiɪH//ȡieH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/ɖɨ//ɖjiH//ɖɨH/
Li
Rong		/ȡiə//ȡjiH//ȡiəH/
Wang
Li		/ȡĭə//ȡiH//ȡĭəH/
Bernard
Karlgren		/ȡʱi//ȡʱiH//ȡʱiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		chízhìzhì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		ci4zi6zi6
  • Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.lrə/, /*lrə-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'ɯ/, /*l'ɯs/, /*l'is/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character治治
Reading #1/22/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		chízhì
Middle
Chinese		‹ dri ›‹ driH ›
Old
Chinese		/*C.lrə//*lrə-s/
Englishregulate, arrangeregulate, arrange

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character治治治
Reading #1/32/33/3
No.122881228912302
Phonetic
component		台台台
Rime
group		之之脂
Rime
subdivision		002
Corresponding
MC rime		治值緻
Old
Chinese		/*l'ɯ//*l'ɯs//*l'is/

Definitions

治

  1. to govern; to regulate; to administer
  2. to treat; to cure (disease)
  3. to exterminate; to kill
  4. to punish; to discipline; to teach someone a lesson
    哎呦！可有人治治這個賤貨了！ [MSC, trad.]
    哎呦！可有人治治这个贱货了！ [MSC, simp.]
    Āiyou! Kě yǒurén zhìzhi zhè ge jiànhuò le! [Pinyin]
    Ah! Finally there is someone to teach this nasty person a lesson!
  5. to research; to specialise in (a topic)
  6. socially stable
  7. (historical) seat of a local government
  8. political affairs
  9. a surname
Synonyms
  • (to treat):
edit
  • 治療／治疗 (zhìliáo)
  • 療治／疗治 (Dungan)
  • 療護／疗护 (liáohù)
  • 醫／医 (yī)
  • 醫治／医治 (yīzhì)
  • 醫療／医疗 (yīliáo)
  • (to punish):
edit
Synonyms of 治

Compounds

Derived terms from 治

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chí (chi2)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔˊ
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): ci4
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: chí
      • Zhuyin: ㄔˊ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: chíh
      • Wade–Giles: chʻih2
      • Yale: chŕ
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyr
      • Palladius: чи (či)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: ci4
      • Yale: chìh
      • Cantonese Pinyin: tsi4
      • Guangdong Romanization: qi4
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiː²¹/
  • Middle Chinese: /ɖɨ/
Rime
Character治
Reading #1/3
Initial (聲)澄 (11)
Final (韻)之 (19)
Tone (調)Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)Open
Division (等)III
Fanqie直之切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/ɖɨ/
Pan
Wuyun		/ɖɨ/
Shao
Rongfen		/ȡie/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/ɖɨ/
Li
Rong		/ȡiə/
Wang
Li		/ȡĭə/
Bernard
Karlgren		/ȡʱi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		chí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		ci4
  • Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'ɯ/
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character治
Reading #1/3
No.12288
Phonetic
component		台
Rime
group		之
Rime
subdivision		0
Corresponding
MC rime		治
Old
Chinese		/*l'ɯ/

Definitions

治

  1. Ancient river name.

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yí (yi2)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧˊ
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: yí
      • Zhuyin: ㄧˊ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: yí
      • Wade–Giles: i2
      • Yale: yí
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yi
      • Palladius: и (i)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /i³⁵/

Definitions

治

  1. Ancient river name.

Pronunciation

  • Cantonese (Jyutping): zi6
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: zi6
      • Yale: jih
      • Cantonese Pinyin: dzi6
      • Guangdong Romanization: ji6
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siː²²/

Definitions

治

  1. (Cantonese) Short for 三文治 (“sandwich”).
    腿蛋治 [Cantonese]  ―  teoi2 daan6-2 zi6 [Jyutping]  ―  ham and egg sandwich

References

  • “治”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

治

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. govern, regulate, administer, reign
  2. cure

Readings

  • Go-on: じ (ji, Jōyō)←ぢ (di, historical)
  • Kan-on: ち (chi, Jōyō)
  • Kun: おさめる (osameru, 治める, Jōyō); おさまる (osamaru, 治まる, Jōyō); なおる (naoru, 治る, Jōyō); なおす (naosu, 治す, Jōyō)
  • Nanori: はる (haru)

Compounds

  • 治安(ちあん) (chian)
  • 治世(ちせい) (chisei)
  • 治癒(ちゆ) (chiyu)
  • 治療(ちりょう) (chiryō)
  • 政治(せいじ) (seiji)

Proper noun

治(おさむ) • (Osamu) 

  1. a male given name

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Hanja

治 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi)

  1. to govern; to manage

Vietnamese

Han character

治: Hán Nôm readings: trị, chệ, trịa

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Zhuang

Proper noun

治

  1. Sawndip form of ci
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