汞

汞	U+6C5E, 汞 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C5E

← 汝
[U+6C5D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

江 →
[U+6C5F]

Translingual

Han character

汞 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 一水 (ME), four-corner 1023₂, composition ⿱工水)

References

KangXi: page 606, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17139
Dae Jaweon: page 999, character 12
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1550, character 1
Unihan data for U+6C5E

Chinese

simp. and trad.		汞
alternative forms		澒／𭱊銾／𰾁

Chemical element
Hg
Previous: *金 (jīn) (Au)*
Next: 鉈／铊 (tā) (Tl)

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (工) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
缸	kroːŋ, ɡroːŋ
篢	kluːmʔ, koːŋ
贑	*kluːmʔ
涳	ŋr'oːŋ, kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ
江	*kroːŋ
肛	kroːŋ, qʰroːŋ
扛	*kroːŋ
杠	*kroːŋ
豇	*kroːŋ
茳	*kroːŋ
釭	kroːŋ, koːŋ, *kuːŋ
矼	*kroːŋ
玒	kroːŋ, koːŋ
虹	kroːŋs, koːŋs, *ɡoːŋ
腔	*kʰroːŋ
崆	kʰroːŋ, kʰoːŋ
羫	*kʰroːŋ
控	kʰroːŋ, kʰoːŋs
椌	kʰroːŋ, kʰoːŋ
悾	kʰroːŋ, kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs
跫	kʰroːŋ, kʰoŋ, *ɡoŋ
啌	*qʰroːŋ
谾	qʰroːŋ, qʰoːŋ
舡	*qʰroːŋ
缻	*ɡroːŋ
項	*ɡroːŋʔ
屸	*ɡ·roːŋ
功	*koːŋ
工	*koːŋ
疘	*koːŋ
魟	koːŋ, qʰoːŋ, *ɡoːŋ
攻	koːŋ, kuːŋ
愩	*koːŋ
碽	*koːŋ
貢	*koːŋs
羾	*koːŋs
空	kʰoːŋ, kʰoːŋs
箜	*kʰoːŋ
硿	*kʰoːŋ
埪	*kʰoːŋ
鵼	*kʰoːŋ
倥	kʰoːŋ, kʰoːŋʔ, *kʰoːŋs
鞚	*kʰoːŋs
叿	*qʰoːŋ
嗊	*qʰoːŋʔ
訌	*ɡoːŋ
紅	*ɡoːŋ
仜	*ɡoːŋ
葒	*ɡoːŋ
渱	*ɡoːŋ
鴻	ɡoːŋ, ɡoːŋʔ
汞	*ɡoːŋʔ
澒	*ɡoːŋʔ
鞏	*koŋʔ
巩	*koŋʔ
銎	kʰoŋ, qʰoŋ
恐	kʰoŋʔ, kʰoŋs
蛩	*ɡoŋ
筇	*ɡoŋ
桏	*ɡoŋ
邛	*ɡoŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡoːŋʔ) : phonetic 工 (OC *koːŋ) + semantic 水 (“water”)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gǒng (gong³)
(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hung⁶, hung³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kúng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): hóng / kòng
(Teochew, Peng'im): gong³
Wu (Wiktionary): kon (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gǒng
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gǒng
  - Wade–Giles: kung³
  - Yale: gǔng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goong
  - Palladius: гун (gun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: hung⁶, hung³
  - Yale: huhng, hung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hung⁶, hung³
  - Guangdong Romanization: hung⁶, hung³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ²²/, /hʊŋ³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kúng
  - Hakka Romanization System: gung`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gung³
  - Sinological IPA: /kuŋ³¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hóng
  - Tâi-lô: hóng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: horng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /hɔŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kòng
  - Tâi-lô: kòng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koxng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kɔŋ²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gong³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kòng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /koŋ²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: kon (T2)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ³⁴/

Middle Chinese: /ɦuŋ^X/

Rime
Character	汞
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡孔切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦəwŋ^X/
Li Rong	/ɣuŋ^X/
Wang Li	/ɣuŋ^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hung⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡoːŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	汞
Reading #	1/1
No.	4063
Phonetic component	工
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	澒
Old Chinese	/*ɡoːŋʔ/
Notes	說文作澒

Definitions

汞

(chemistry) mercury (Hg)
a surname: Gong

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 水銀 (“mercury (metal)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		水銀
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		汞, 水銀
Mandarin	Beijing	水銀
	Taiwan	水銀
	Tianjin	水銀
	Chengde	水銀
	Tangshan	水銀
	Cangzhou	水銀
	Baoding	水銀
	Shijiazhuang	水銀
	Chifeng	水銀
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	水銀
	Heihe	水銀
	Qiqihar	水銀
	Harbin	水銀
	Jiamusi	水銀
	Baicheng	水銀
	Changchun	水銀
	Tonghua	水銀
	Shenyang	水銀
	Dandong	水銀
	Jinzhou	水銀
	Dalian	水銀
	Yantai	水銀
	Qingdao	水銀
	Lijin	水銀
	Zhucheng	水銀
	Jinan	水銀
	Jining	水銀
	Shangqiu	水銀
	Yuanyang	水銀
	Zhengzhou	水銀
	Lingbao	水銀
	Xinyang	水銀
	Baihe	水銀
	Hanzhong	水銀
	Xi'an	水銀
	Baoji	水銀
	Yinchuan	水銀
	Tianshui	水銀
	Lanzhou	水銀
	Dunhuang	水銀
	Xining	水銀
	Hami	水銀
	Ürümqi	水銀
	Wuhan	水銀
	Yichang	水銀
	Xiangyang	水銀
	Tianmen	水銀
	Hong'an	水銀
	Chengdu	水銀
	Dazhou	水銀
	Hanyuan	水銀
	Xichang	水銀
	Zigong	水銀
	Chongqing	水銀
	Guiyang	水銀
	Zunyi	水銀
	Bijie	水銀
	Liping	水銀
	Zhaotong	水銀
	Dali	水銀
	Kunming	水銀
	Mengzi	水銀
	Guilin	水銀
	Liuzhou	水銀
Jishou	水銀
Changde	水銀
Anqing	水銀
Xuzhou	水銀
Fuyang	水銀
Wuhu	水銀
Yangzhou	水銀
Lianyungang	水銀
Lianshui	水銀子
Nanjing	水銀
Hefei	水銀
Nantong	水銀
Singapore	水銀
Cantonese	Hong Kong	水銀
Cantonese	Dongguan	水銀
Gan	Nanchang	水銀
Gan	Lichuan	水銀
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	水銀
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	水銀
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	水銀
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	水銀
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	水銀
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	水銀
Jin	Taiyuan	水銀
	Yangyuan	水銀
	Datong	水銀
	Xinzhou	水銀
	Lishi	水銀
	Linfen	水銀
	Changzhi	水銀
	Linhe	水銀
	Jining	水銀
	Hohhot	水銀
	Erenhot	水銀
	Pingshan	水銀
	Zhangjiakou	水銀
	Handan	水銀
	Linzhou	水銀
	Suide	水銀
Min Dong	Fuzhou	水銀
Min Nan	Xiamen	水銀
	Quanzhou	水銀
	Zhangzhou	水銀
	Tainan	水銀
Wu	Suzhou	水銀

Compounds

氧化汞 (yǎnghuàgǒng)
氯化汞 (lǜhuàgǒng)
汞中毒 (gǒngzhòngdú)
汞合金
汞柱 (gǒngzhù)
混汞法
硝酸汞 (xiāosuāngǒng)
硫化汞 (liúhuàgǒng)
自然汞

雷汞 (léigǒng)
搏砂煉汞／搏砂炼汞
摶砂弄汞／抟砂弄汞
摶砂煉汞／抟砂炼汞
昇汞／升汞 (shēnggǒng)
氯化亞汞／氯化亚汞 (lǜhuàyàgǒng)
汞弧燈／汞弧灯
汞極電池／汞极电池

汞溴紅／汞溴红 (gǒngxiùhóng)
汞電池／汞电池
汞齊／汞齐 (gǒngjì)
燒丹鍊汞／烧丹炼汞
紅汞／红汞 (hónggǒng)
紅汞水／红汞水
紅汞液／红汞液
鉛汞／铅汞

Japanese

Kanji

汞

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

mercury, quicksilver (the metal)

Readings

Go-on: ぐ (gu)
Kan-on: こう (kō)
Kun: みずがね (mizugane, 汞)^{←みづがね (midugane, historical)}

Etymology 1

汞 (mizugane): mercury.

Kanji in this term
汞
みずがね Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 汞 – see the following entry.

【水銀みずかね】	[noun] mercury Alternative spellings 汞, 𫒎
【水銀みずがね】	[noun] (chemistry, obsolete) mercury; quicksilver Alternative spellings 汞, 𫒎

(This term, 汞, is an alternative spelling of the above terms.)

Usage notes

The term mizugane, regardless of kanji spelling, is largely obsolete in modern Japanese.

The usage of this kanji is rare and literary, and it is not used in isolation in modern Japanese. Use 水銀 instead for the standalone word for mercury.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
汞
こう Hyōgaiji
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 汞 (ɦuŋ^X, “mercury, quicksilver”).

The 漢音 (kan'on) reading, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Kan’on

IPA^(key): [ko̞ː]

Noun

汞(こう) • (kō)

(chemistry) mercury, quicksilver

Usage notes

The kō reading is used in chemical compounds that include (e.g. corrosive sublimate).

Derived terms

甘(かん)汞(こう) (kankō): calomel, mercury(I) chloride
雷(らい)汞(こう) (raikō): mercury(II) fulminate

References

1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

汞 (eum 홍 (hong))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

汞: Hán Nôm readings: hống

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation