歷
See also: 歴 and 历
| ||||||||
| ||||||||
Translingual
| Traditional | 歷 |
|---|---|
| Shinjitai | 歴 |
| Simplified | 历 |
Han character
歷 (Kangxi radical 77, 止+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 一竹木一 (MHDM) or 一木卜中一 (MDYLM), four-corner 71211, composition ⿸厤止)
Derived characters
- 儮 嚦 壢 㠣 攊 瀝 㺡 櫪 㱹 爏 瓑 㿨 礰 𧞿 䍽 讈 䟐 𨊛 轣 䥶 𣦰 𠫏 藶 䍥 靂 癧
Related characters
- 曆, 磿
References
- KangXi: page 577, character 14
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16340
- Dae Jaweon: page 968, character 9
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1445, character 9
- Unihan data for U+6B77
- Unihan data for U+F98C
Chinese
| trad. | 歷 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 历* | |
| alternative forms | 歴／历 厯 𢟍 | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (秝) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 秝 | *reːɡ |
| 歷 | *reːɡ |
| 曆 | *reːɡ |
| 磿 | *reːɡ |
| 靂 | *reːɡ |
| 癧 | *reːɡ |
| 櫪 | *reːɡ |
| 藶 | *reːɡ |
| 瀝 | *reːɡ |
| 攊 | *reːɡ |
| 厤 | *reːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *reːɡ) : phonetic 厤 (OC *reːɡ) + semantic 止.
Etymology
Schuessler (2007) considered this word to be of Sino-Tibetan origin and a cognate to Burmese ရေ (re, “to count”), Kinnauri ri (“to count”), Tibetan རྩི (rtsi, “to count; to calculate”), and [script needed] (rtsis-pa, “astronomer”); however, STEDT derives Burmese ရေ (re) & Tibetan རྩི (rtsi) from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-tsjəj (“to count”) and does not compare them to Chinese 歷.
- One derivative is 曆 (OC *rêk), meaning "calendrical calculations" (Shu) → "calendar";
- Another derivative is exopassive 麗 (OC *rê(k)h), meaning "what is calculated → number" (Shi), whose possible allofam is 麗 (OC *rêh).
Pronunciation
Definitions
歷
- to experience; to go through; to undergo
- experience; history; record
- to surpass; to exceed; to overstep
- to offend; to go against; to undermine
- 民有不事農桑、任氣遊俠、犯歷法禁、不從吏教者，傷王之化。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Six Secret Teachings, c. 475 – 221 BCE
- Mín yǒu bùshì nóngsāng, rènqì yóuxiá, fànlì fǎjìn, bùcóng lìjiào zhě, shāng wáng zhī huà. [Pinyin]
- When the people are not engaged in agriculture and sericulture but instead give rein to their tempers and travel about as bravados, outstepping and transgressing the laws and prohibitions, not following the instructions of the officials, it harms the king's transforming influence.
民有不事农桑、任气游侠、犯历法禁、不从吏教者，伤王之化。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- to travel through; to go travelling
- extensively; all over; completely
- many times; repeatedly
- one by one; one at a time
- all of the previous (occurrences); all past
- to take charge of; to assume (a role)
- to choose; to select (a date)
- to examine; to scrutinise; to observe; to calculate
- clear; distinct; lucid
- few and far between; sporadic
- a surname
Compounds
Derived terms from 歷
|
|
|
Japanese
Shinjitai | 歴 |
Kyūjitai | 歷 |
Kanji
歷
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 歴)
- take place, past, history
Readings
- On (unclassified): れき (reki); りゃく (ryaku)
- Kun: へる (heru, 歷る)
Korean
Hanja
歷 (eumhun 지낼 력 (jinael ryeok), South Korea 지낼 역 (jinael yeok))
- Hanja form? of 력/역 (“go through”).
- Hanja form? of 력/역 (“experience”).
- Hanja form? of 력/역 (“undergo”).
- Hanja form? of 력/역 (“use up”).
- Hanja form? of 력/역 (“exhaust”).
Compounds
- 역사 (歷史, yeoksa, “history”)
Vietnamese
Han character
歷: Hán Nôm readings: lịch, lếch, lệch, rếch
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.