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单词 此
释义

此

See also: 比
此 U+6B64, 此
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B64
← 正
[U+6B63]		CJK Unified Ideographs步 →
[U+6B65]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

此 (Kangxi radical 77, 止+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 卜一心 (YMP), four-corner 21110, composition ⿰止匕)

  1. Shuowen Jiezi radical №30

Derived characters

  • 紫

References

  • KangXi: page 574, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16259
  • Dae Jaweon: page 964, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1438, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+6B64

Chinese

trad.此
simp. #此

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 此
ShangWestern ZhouWarring StatesShuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone scriptBronze inscriptionsChu slip and silk scriptSmall seal scriptTranscribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (此) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
些*saːls, *sjaːl, *seːs
跐*ʔsreːʔ, *ʔseʔ, *sʰeʔ, *ʔsreʔ
柴*zreː
祡*zreː
茈*zreː, *ʔseʔ, *ze
眦*zreːs
砦*zraːds
寨*zraːds, *slɯːɡ
啙*ʔseː, *zeːʔ, *ʔseʔ
泚*sʰeːʔ, *sʰeʔ
玼*sʰeːʔ, *sʰeʔ, *ze
皉*sʰeːʔ
鮆*zeːʔ, *ʔse
眥*zeːs, *zes
貲*ʔse
髭*ʔse
頾*ʔse
訾*ʔse, *ʔseʔ
鴜*ʔse, *ze
鈭*ʔse, *sʰe
姕*ʔse, *sʰe, *ze
觜*ʔse, *ʔse, *ʔseʔ
紫*ʔseʔ
訿*ʔseʔ
呰*ʔseʔ
嘴*ʔseʔ
雌*sʰe
此*sʰeʔ
佌*sʰeʔ, *seʔ
庛*sʰes
疵*ze
骴*ze, *zes
胔*ze, *zes
飺*ze
齜*ʔsre

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 止 (“feet”) + 人 (“person”) – where a person stops; here.

Alternatively, this may be the original form of 跐 (OC *ʔsreːʔ, *ʔseʔ, *sʰeʔ, *ʔsreʔ, “to stamp, to stop, to stand”).

Etymology

Cognate with 斯 (OC *se, “this”).

STEDT compares 此 (OC *sʰeʔ) and 斯 (OC *se) to Proto-Tani *si (“this”).

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Standard)
    (Pinyin): cǐ (ci3)
    (Zhuyin): ㄘˇ
    (Chengdu, SP): ci3
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): ci2
  • Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhṳ́
  • Min Bei (KCR): chǔ
  • Min Dong (BUC): chṳ̄
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhú / chhír
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ce2
  • Wu (Wiktionary): tshr (T2)
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: cǐ
      • Zhuyin: ㄘˇ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: cǐh
      • Wade–Giles: tzʻŭ3
      • Yale: tsž
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsyy
      • Palladius: цы (cy)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰz̩²¹⁴/
    • (Chengdu)
      • Sichuanese Pinyin: ci3
      • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: c
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: ci2
      • Yale: chí
      • Cantonese Pinyin: tsi2
      • Guangdong Romanization: qi2
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiː³⁵/
  • Hakka
    • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ́
      • Hakka Romanization System: cii`
      • Hagfa Pinyim: ci3
      • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ³¹/
  • Min Bei
    • (Jian'ou)
      • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chǔ
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰu²¹/
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: chṳ̄
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰy³³/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhú
      • Tâi-lô: tshú
      • Phofsit Daibuun: zhuo
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /t͡sʰu⁵³/
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰu⁴¹/
    • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhír
      • Tâi-lô: tshír
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵⁴/
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: ce2
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshṳ́
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɯ⁵²/
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: tshr (T2)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰz̩³⁴/
  • Middle Chinese: /t͡sʰiᴇX/
Rime
Character此
Reading #1/1
Initial (聲)清 (14)
Final (韻)支 (11)
Tone (調)Rising (X)
Openness (開合)Open
Division (等)III
Fanqie雌氏切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/t͡sʰiᴇX/
Pan
Wuyun		/t͡sʰiɛX/
Shao
Rongfen		/t͡sʰjɛX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/t͡sʰiə̆X/
Li
Rong		/t͡sʰieX/
Wang
Li		/t͡sʰǐeX/
Bernard
Karlgren		/t͡sʰie̯X/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		cǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		ci2
  • Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]e(j)ʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sʰeʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character此
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		cǐ
Middle
Chinese		‹ tshjeX ›
Old
Chinese		/*[tsʰ]e(j)ʔ/
Englishthis

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character此
Reading #1/1
No.1724
Phonetic
component		此
Rime
group		支
Rime
subdivision		0
Corresponding
MC rime		此
Old
Chinese		/*sʰeʔ/
Notes甲文象足踏人背，
爲跐初文

Definitions

此

  1. (literary) this
    Antonym: 彼 (bǐ)
    此號碼無法接通。／此号码无法接通。  ―  Cǐ hàomǎ wúfǎ jiētōng.  ―  This number cannot be reached.
  2. (literary) here
    請按此。／请按此。  ―  Qǐng àn cǐ.  ―  Please press here.
    • 齊天大聖到此一遊。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
      齐天大圣到此一游。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
      From: Wu Cheng'en, Journey to the West, 16th century CE
      Qítiāndàshèng dàocǐyīyóu. [Pinyin]
      The Great Sage Equal to Heaven came here on a trip.

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 這 (“this”) [map]
Variety Location Words
edit
Classical Chinese此, 斯, 是, 之, 茲 anteclassical, 夫, 爾
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)這
MandarinBeijing這
Taiwan這
Tianjin這
Chengde這
Tangshan這
Cangzhou這
Baoding這
Shijiazhuang這
Chifeng這
Hulunbuir (Hailar)這
Heihe這
Qiqihar這
Jiamusi這
Baicheng這
Changchun這
Tonghua這
Shenyang這
Dandong這
Jinzhou這
Dalian這
Yantai這
Qingdao這
Lijin這
Zhucheng這
Jinan這
Jining這
Shangqiu這
Yuanyang這
Zhengzhou這
Lingbao這
Xinyang這
Baihe這
Hanzhong這
Xi'an這
Baoji這
Yinchuan這
Tianshui這
Lanzhou這
Dunhuang這
Xining這
Hami這
Ürümqi這
Wuhan這
Yichang這
Tianmen這
Hong'an這
Chengdu這
Nanchong這
Dazhou這
Hanyuan這
Xichang這
Zigong這
Chongqing這
Guiyang這
Zunyi這
Bijie這
Liping這
Zhaotong這
Dali這
Kunming這
Mengzi這
Guilin這
Liuzhou這
Jishou這
Changde這
Xuzhou這
Pizhou這
Ganyu這
Fuyang這
Wuhu這
Yangzhou這
Baoying這
Lianyungang這
Donghai這
Huai'an (Huaiyin)這
Lianshui這
Xuyi這
Nanjing這
Hefei這
Nantong這
Rugao這
Yancheng這
Funing這
Sihong這
Taizhou這
Zhenjiang這
Malaysia這
Singapore這
CantoneseGuangzhou呢, 依
Hong Kong呢, 依
Macau呢
Taishan該
Dongguan呢
Yangjiang果
Nanning阿
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)呢
Singapore (Guangfu)呢, 依
GanNanchang箇
Nanchang (Wangcheng)箇
Anyi箇
Lushan箇
Duchang箇
Wuning (Quankou)該
Poyang箇
Yugan該
Wannian該
Yanshan這
Yichun箇
Yifeng箇
Gao'an箇
Fengxin箇
Shanggao里
Wanzai箇
Fengcheng該
Xinyu該
Fuzhou (Shangdundu)該
Fuzhou (Dongxiang)箇
Nancheng箇
Nanfeng箇
Yihuang箇
Lichuan該
Chongren該
Pingxiang該
Ji'an蓋
Taihe箇
Xiajiang該
Yingtan (Yujiang)箇
Guixi箇
Jianning個
Jinxian箇
Jinxi箇
Le'an該
Guangchang改
Suichuan底
Wan'an介
Jing'an箇
Zhangshu該
Xingan個
Fenyi改
HakkaChangting爾
Ninghua只
Qingliu這
Yudu底
Ningdu底
Ruijin底
Shicheng底
Xunwu底
Huichang底
Xingguo界
Miaoli (N. Sixian)這
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)這
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)這
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)這
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)這
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)這
Hong Kong這
HuizhouJixi爾
Shexian這
Wuyuan伊
JinTaiyuan這
Yangyuan這
Datong這
Xinzhou這
Lishi這
Linfen這
Changzhi這
Linhe這
Jining這
Hohhot這
Erenhot這
Pingshan這
Zhangjiakou這
Handan這
Suide這
Min BeiJian'ou樣
Min DongFuzhou只, 者, 嚽
Changle這
Lianjiang這
Fuqing者
Pingtan這
Yongtai這
Minqing這
Gutian這
Pingnan這
Luoyuan這
Fu'an這
Ningde這
Xiapu這
Zherong這
Shouning這
Zhouning這
Fuding這
Singapore (Fuqing)這
Min NanXiamen這
Xiamen (Tong'an)這
Quanzhou只, 這
Jinjiang這
Nan'an這
Shishi這
Hui'an這
Anxi這
Yongchun這
Dehua這
Zhangzhou這
Zhangzhou (Longhai)這
Zhangzhou (Changtai)這
Hua'an這
Nanjing這
Pinghe這
Zhangpu這
Yunxiao這
Zhao'an只
Dongshan這
Taipei這
Kinmen這
Penang (Hokkien)這
Singapore (Hokkien)這
Manila (Hokkien)這
Longyan迄好
Zhangping這
Chaozhou只
Shantou只
Jieyang只
Haifeng只
Singapore (Teochew)只
Batam (Teochew)只
Wenchang這
Haikou這
Singapore (Hainanese)這
Puxian MinPutian只蜀
Xianyou只蜀
Min ZhongYong'an這
Shaxian這
Shaojiang MinGuangze當
Jiangle者
Mingxi只
Shunchang這
Southern PinghuaNanning (Tingzi)亞
ShehuaCangnan這
Jingning個
WuShanghai搿, 迭 dated, 第 obsolete
Shanghai (Chongming)吉, 講, 葛 also that
Shanghai (Songjiang)搿
Suzhou該, 搿
Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang)個
Wuxi意
Changshu俚
Jiaxing葛
Jiashan葛
Pinghu葛
Haining (Yanguan)葛
Tongxiang葛
Haiyan葛
Changzhou資
Danyang格
Gaochun格
Huzhou格
Changxing格
Anji格
Deqing葛
Hangzhou葛
Hangzhou (Yuhang)葛
Hangzhou (Lin'an)葛
Hangzhou (Fuyang)葛
Tonglu葛
Tonglu (Wusheng)個個
Shaoxing咸
Zhuji咸
Shengzhou咸
Xinchang咸
Ningbo葛
Zhenhai葛
Yuyao耶
Cixi葛
Huangyan葛
Tiantai葛
Sanmen葛
Wenling葛, 格
Wenzhou個
Yueqing個
Yongjia (Fenglin)個
Rui'an個
Pingyang個
Taishun這
Wencheng個
Lishui已
Qingtian已
Jinyun已
Songyang (Xiping)益
Yunhe益
Qingyuan這
Longquan搭
Suichang益
Jiangshan益
Changshan益
Kaihua益
Longyou個
Jinhua等, 待
Yiwu吾
Yongkang個
Pujiang這, 吉
Dongyang個
Wuyi愛個
Lanxi個
Shangrao這
Shangrao (Guangfeng)伊
Yushan伊
XiangChangsha咯
Shuangfeng咯
Dialectal synonyms of 這裡 (“here”) [map]
Variety Location Words
edit
Classical Chinese斯, 此
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)這裡, 此處 formal, 此 formal
MandarinBeijing這兒, 這兒合兒 colloquial, 這合兒 colloquial
Taiwan這, 這裡
Tianjin這兒, 這兒合兒
Jinan這裡
Xi'an這搭兒
Wuhan這裡, 這塊, 這塊歇
Chengdu這兒
Guilin這塏
Liuzhou這塏
Yangzhou這塊
Hefei這塊, 這蒿子
Malaysia這裡
Singapore這裡
Mae Salong (Lancang)這點, 這古
CantoneseGuangzhou呢度, 呢處, 依度
Hong Kong呢度, 呢處, 依度, 依處
Macau呢度
Taishan該, 該處, 該埞
Yangjiang該, 該處, 該處塗
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)呢度
Singapore (Guangfu)呢度, 依度
GanNanchang箇𥚃
HakkaMeixian這仔
Miaoli (N. Sixian)這位
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)這位, 這息
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)這位
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)這位, 這位項
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)這位
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)這位, 這
Hong Kong這裡, 這埞
Kuching (Hepo)這邊
JinTaiyuan這裡, 這兒家
Min DongFuzhou只塊, 只裡, 租塊
Min NanXiamen遮, 這帶, 這跡, 這位, 這搭
Quanzhou遮, 這帶, 這跡, 這位, 這搭
Jinjiang這跡, 這位
Hui'an這搭
Zhangzhou遮, 這帶, 這位, 這位仔
Taipei遮
New Taipei (Sanxia)遮
Kaohsiung遮
Yilan遮
Changhua (Lukang)遮
Taichung遮
Tainan遮
Hsinchu遮
Kinmen遮
Penghu (Magong)遮
Penang (Hokkien)這落, 這爿
Singapore (Hokkien)這兜, 這爿
Manila (Hokkien)遮, 這搭, 這位, 這路, 這爿
Chaozhou只塊
Shantou只塊
Shantou (Chaoyang)這爿
Singapore (Teochew)只塊
Wenchang這裡
Haikou這帶
Qionghai這裡, 這路
Southern PinghuaNanning (Tingzi)亞啲
WuShanghai搿搭, 搿搭塊, 搿搭裡, 迭搭 old-style, 迭搭塊 old-style, 迭搭裡 old-style, 此地, 此地塊, 此地塊搭
Suzhou該搭, 搿搭
Wenzhou該頭, 該柢, 柢, 彀, 彀宕
XiangChangsha咯裡, 咯塊子
Shuangfeng咯裡

Compounds

Derived terms from 此

References

  • “此”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學／香港中文大学 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

此

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. Proximal demonstrative prefix, this (near speaker)

Readings

  • Go-on: し (shi)
  • Kan-on: し (shi)
  • Kun: これ (kore, 此); この (kono, 此の); ここ (koko, 此)

Compounds

  • 此(こ)れ (kore)
  • 此(こ)の (kono)
  • 此処(ここ) (koko)
  • 此方(こちら) (kochira)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 此 (MC t͡sʰiᴇX). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄎᆞ (cho) (Yale: cho) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕʰa̠]
  • Phonetic hangul: [차]

Hanja

Wikisource此 (eumhun 이 차 (i cha))

  1. (literary) Hanja form? of 차 (“here”).
  2. (literary) Hanja form? of 차 (“this”).
    • 1919, 기미 독립 선언서(己未獨立宣言書) (gimi dongnip seoneonseo) [Proclamation of Korean Independence]:
      此(차)로써子孫萬代(자손만대)에 誥(고)하야民族自存(민족자존)의正權(정권)을永有(영유)케 하노라.
      charosseo jasonmandaee gohaya minjokjajonui jeonggwoneul yeong-yuke hanora.
      This we proclaim to our descendants so that they may enjoy in perpetuity their inherent right to nationhood.

Compounds

Compounds
  • 차제 (此際, chaje)
  • 차후 (此後, chahu)
  • 여차 (如此, yeocha)
  • 피차 (彼此, picha)
  • 차간 (此間, chagan)
  • 차경 (此境, chagyeong)
  • 차군 (此君, chagun)
  • 어차피 (於此彼, eochapi)
  • 차일피일 (此日彼日, chailpiil)

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

此: Hán Nôm readings: thử, nảy, thửa

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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