歐

歐

See also: 欧

歐 U+6B50, 歐 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B50 ← 歏 [U+6B4F] CJK Unified Ideographs 歑 → [U+6B51]

Translingual

Japanese	欧
Simplified	欧
Traditional	歐

Han character

歐 (Kangxi radical 76, 欠+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 尸口弓人 (SRNO), four-corner 7778₂, composition ⿰區欠)

Descendants

• 欧

References

• KangXi: page 571, character 27
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16185
• Dae Jaweon: page 959, character 21
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2149, character 12
• Unihan data for U+6B50

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Chinese

trad.		歐
simp.		欧

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 歐
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (區) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
摳	*kʰoː, *kʰo
彄	*kʰoː
剾	*kʰoː, *qoː
謳	*qoː
歐	*qoː, *qoːʔ
區	*qoː, *kʰo
鷗	*qoː
甌	*qoː
漚	*qoː, *qoːs
瞘	*qoː
嘔	*qoː, *qoːʔ
櫙	*qoː
膒	*qoː
蓲	*qoː, *kʰu, *qo, *qos
醧	*qoː, *qas
鏂	*qoː
毆	*qoːʔ
塸	*qoːʔ
貙	*kʰl'o
樞	*kʰjo
驅	*kʰo, *kʰos
軀	*kʰo
嶇	*kʰo
鰸	*kʰo
敺	*kʰo
傴	*qoʔ
嫗	*qos
饇	*qos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoː, *qoːʔ) : phonetic 區／区 (OC *qoː, *kʰo) + semantic 欠 (“to yawn; to exhale”) – to vomit (original form of 嘔).

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): ōu (ou¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄡ

  (Chengdu, SP): ngou¹

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): au¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): eu¹

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): êu

  (Meixian, Guangdong): êu¹

• Min Bei (KCR): é
• Min Dong (BUC): ĕu
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): au / o͘ / o / io

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ao¹

• Wu (Wiktionary): eu (T1)
• Xiang (Wiktionary): ngou¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ōu
    • Zhuyin: ㄡ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ou
    • Wade–Giles: ou¹
    • Yale: ōu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ou
    • Palladius: оу (ou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: ngou¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ngou
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋəu⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: au¹
    • Yale: āu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: au¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: eo¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɐu̯⁵⁵/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

• • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: eu¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /eu³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: êu
    • Hakka Romanization System: eu´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: eu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /eu̯²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: êu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /eu⁴⁴/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: é
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /e⁵⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ĕu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɛu⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: au
    • Tâi-lô: au
    • Phofsit Daibuun: aw
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /au⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /au³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o͘
    • Tâi-lô: oo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: of
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɔ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o
    • Tâi-lô: o
    • Phofsit Daibuun: oy
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /o³³/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: io
    • Tâi-lô: io
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ioy
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɤ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /io⁴⁴/

Note:

• au - vernacular (incl. surname);
• o͘/o/io - literary.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ao¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: au
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /au³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: eu (T1)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɜ⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: ngou¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋəu³³/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 歐
Mandarin	Beijing	/ou⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ou⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/nou²¹/
	Jinan	/ŋou²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ɣou²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/ou²⁴/
	Xi'an	/ŋou²¹/
	Xining	/nɯ⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/əu⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/ou³¹/
	Ürümqi	/ɤu⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/ŋəu⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/ŋəu⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/ŋəu⁵⁵/ /əu⁵⁵/ 新
	Kunming	/əu⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/əɯ³¹/
	Hefei	/ʐɯ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɣəu¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ŋəu¹³/
	Hohhot	/ŋəu³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɤ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/ɤ⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ʔei³³/
	Wenzhou	/au³³/
Hui	Shexian	/niu³¹/ /ŋiu³¹/
	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/ŋəu³³/
	Xiangtan	/ŋəɯ³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/ŋiɛu⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/eu⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/eu²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/ɐu⁵³/
	Nanning	/ɐu⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/ɐu⁵³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/ɔ⁵⁵/ /au⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/eu⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/e⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/au³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/ɔu²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ʔəu/

Rime
Character	歐
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	烏侯切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔəu/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔəu/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔəw/
Li Rong	/ʔu/
Wang Li	/əu/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ōu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	au1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*qoː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	歐
Reading #	1/2
No.	10583
Phonetic component	區
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	謳
Old Chinese	/*qoː/

Definitions

歐

1. Short for 歐羅巴／欧罗巴 (Ōuluóbā, “Europe”).

   歐洲／欧洲  ―  Ōuzhōu  ―  Europe

   東歐／东欧  ―  Dōng-Ōu  ―  Eastern Europe

   歐化／欧化  ―  ōuhuà  ―  to Europeanise

2. Short for 歐盟／欧盟 (Ōuméng, “European Union”).

   英歐關係／英欧关系  ―  Yīng Ōu guānxì  ―  UK-EU relationship

3. Short for 歐元／欧元 (ōuyuán, “euro”).
4. Short for 歐姆／欧姆 (ōumǔ, “ohm”).
5. a surname

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 歐元 (“euro”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		歐元
Mandarin	Taiwan	歐元
Cantonese	Hong Kong	歐元, 歐羅, 歐
Min Nan	Xiamen	歐元
	Quanzhou	歐元
	Zhangzhou	歐元

Compounds

僕歐／仆欧 (pú'ōu) 北歐／北欧 (Běi-Ōu) 南歐／南欧 (Nán-Ōu) 印歐／印欧 (Yìn-Ōu) 大小歐陽／大小欧阳 東南歐／东南欧 東歐／东欧 (Dōng-Ōu) 東歐集團／东欧集团 歐亞／欧亚 (Ōu-Yà) 歐亞大陸／欧亚大陆 (Ōu-Yà dàlù) 歐佩克／欧佩克 (Ōupèikè) 歐元／欧元 (ōuyuán) 歐克／欧克 (ōukè) 歐冶子／欧冶子 歐冶鑄劍／欧冶铸剑 歐刀／欧刀

歐化／欧化 (ōuhuà) 歐吉桑／欧吉桑 (ōujísāng) 歐姆／欧姆 (ōumǔ) 歐姆定律／欧姆定律 (Ōumǔ dìnglǜ) 歐巴桑／欧巴桑 (ōubāsāng) 歐市／欧市 歐廟／欧庙 (Ōumiào) 歐式／欧式 (ōushì) 歐戰／欧战 歐文／欧文 (Ōuwén) 歐普藝術／欧普艺术 歐李／欧李 歐母畫荻／欧母画荻 (ōu mǔ huàdí) 歐氏管／欧氏管 (ōushìguǎn) 歐洲／欧洲 (Ōuzhōu) 歐洲美元／欧洲美元

歐洲議會／欧洲议会 (Ōuzhōu Yìhuì) 歐羅巴州／欧罗巴州 歐美／欧美 (Ōu-Měi) 歐耳／欧耳 歐胡島／欧胡岛 歐虞體／欧虞体 歐裔／欧裔 (ōuyì) 歐遊／欧游 (Ōuyóu) 歐陽／欧阳 (Ōuyáng) 歐風／欧风 歐風美雨／欧风美雨 (ōufēngměiyǔ) 歐體／欧体 泛歐／泛欧 西歐／西欧 (Xī-Ōu) 西歐聯盟／西欧联盟 西歐集團／西欧集团

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 歐 – see 嘔 (“to vomit; etc.”). (This character, 歐, is a variant form of 嘔.)

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02062
• “歐”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學／香港中文大学 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Shinjitai	欧
Kyūjitai	歐

Kanji

歐

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 欧)

1. Europe

Readings

• Go-on: う (u)
• Kan-on: おう (ō)
• Kun: うたう (utau, 歐う)^{←うたふ (utafu, historical)}; はく (haku, 歐く)

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Korean

Etymology

From a corrupted or unorthodox reading. The original reading is 우 (u) based on Middle Chinese 歐 (MC ʔəu).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean ᅙᅮᇢ (Yale: qwuw) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ku]
• Phonetic hangul: [구]

Hanja

Wikisource歐 (eumhun 구라파 구 (gurapa gu))

1. Hanja form^? of 구 (“Europe”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 구미 (歐美, gumi)
• 서구 (西歐, seogu)
• 구라파 (歐羅巴, gurapa)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

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Vietnamese

Han character

歐: Hán Nôm readings: âu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.