请输入您要查询的单词：

　

单词 欲
释义

欲

See also: 慾
欲 U+6B32, 欲
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B32
← 欱
[U+6B31]		CJK Unified Ideographs欳 →
[U+6B33]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

欲 (Kangxi radical 76, 欠+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 金口弓人 (CRNO), four-corner 87682, composition ⿰谷欠)

Derived characters

  • 慾 螸

References

  • KangXi: page 567, character 36
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16080
  • Dae Jaweon: page 956, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2140, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+6B32

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 欲
Warring StatesShuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk scriptSmall seal scriptTranscribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (谷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
螸*lo
裕*loɡs
容*loŋ
溶*loŋ, *loŋʔ
鎔*loŋ
蓉*loŋ
傛*loŋ, *loŋʔ
褣*loŋ
搈*loŋ
瑢*loŋ
嵱*loŋ
熔*loŋ
榕*loŋ
塎*loŋʔ
谷*ɦkroːɡ, *kloːɡ, *ɡ·loːɡ
唂*kloːɡ
焀*ɡloːɡ
俗*ljoɡ
欲*loɡ
浴*loɡ
鵒*loɡ
峪*ɦkloːɡ
鋊*loɡ
輍*loɡ
慾*loɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *loɡ) : phonetic 谷 (OC *ɦkroːɡ, *kloːɡ, *ɡ·loːɡ) + semantic 欠.

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
欲
alternative forms𡟔
俗

Sino-Tibetan. Compare Burmese လို (lui, “to want; to desire”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Alternatively, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ju(w) (“to ask; to request”), whence Tibetan ཞུ (zhu, “to request”) (ibid.).

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yù (yu4)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩˋ
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): juk6
  • Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yu̍k
  • Min Dong (BUC): ṳ̆k
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): io̍k
    (Teochew, Peng'im): iog8
  • Wu (Wiktionary): hhioq (T5)
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: yù
      • Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: yù
      • Wade–Giles: yü4
      • Yale: yù
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuh
      • Palladius: юй (juj)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /y⁵¹/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: juk6
      • Yale: yuhk
      • Cantonese Pinyin: juk9
      • Guangdong Romanization: yug6
      • Sinological IPA (key): /jʊk̚²/
  • Hakka
    • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yu̍k
      • Hakka Romanization System: iug
      • Hagfa Pinyim: yug6
      • Sinological IPA: /i̯uk̚⁵/
    • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yu̍k
      • Hakka Romanization System: (r)iug
      • Hagfa Pinyim: yug6
      • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯uk̚⁵/
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̆k
      • Sinological IPA (key): /yʔ⁵/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: io̍k
      • Tâi-lô: io̍k
      • Phofsit Daibuun: iok
      • IPA (Xiamen): /iɔk̚⁴/
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔk̚²⁴/
      • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɔk̚¹²¹/
      • IPA (Taipei): /iɔk̚⁴/
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔk̚⁴/
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: iog8
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: io̍k
      • Sinological IPA (key): /iok̚⁴/
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: hhioq (T5)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ɦi̯ʊʔ¹²/
  • Dialectal data
VarietyLocation
edit
欲
MandarinBeijing/y⁵¹/
Harbin/y⁵³/
Tianjin/y⁵³/
Jinan/y²¹/
Qingdao/y⁴²/
Zhengzhou/y³¹²/
Xi'an/y²¹/
Xining/y⁴⁴/
Yinchuan/y¹³/
Lanzhou/y¹³/
Ürümqi/y²¹³/
Wuhan/iəu²¹³/
Chengdu/yo³¹/
/y¹³/
Guiyang/iu²¹/
Kunming/iu³¹/
Nanjing/ʐuʔ⁵/
Hefei/yəʔ⁵/
JinTaiyuan/yəʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao/yʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot/yəʔ⁴³/
WuShanghai/ɦioʔ¹/
/ɦyɪʔ¹/
Suzhou/ɦioʔ³/
Hangzhou/ɦyəʔ²/
Wenzhou/jo²¹³/
HuiShexian/iuʔ²¹/
Tunxi
XiangChangsha/ʐəu²⁴/
Xiangtan/iəɯ²⁴/
GanNanchang
HakkaMeixian/iuk̚⁵/
Taoyuan/ʒot̚⁵⁵/
CantoneseGuangzhou/jok̚²/
Nanning/juk̚²²/
Hong Kong/jok̚²/
MinXiamen (Min Nan)/iɔk̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong)/yʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Min Bei)/y⁴⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan)/iok̚⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan)/zok̚⁵/
/hau³⁵/ 訓好
  • Middle Chinese: /jɨok̚/
Rime
Character欲
Reading #1/1
Initial (聲)以 (36)
Final (韻)鍾 (8)
Tone (調)Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)Open
Division (等)III
Fanqie余蜀切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/jɨok̚/
Pan
Wuyun		/jiok̚/
Shao
Rongfen		/iok̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/juawk̚/
Li
Rong		/iok̚/
Wang
Li		/jĭwok̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		/i̯wok̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		wù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		juk6
  • Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢ(r)ok/
    (Zhengzhang): /*loɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character欲
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		yù
Middle
Chinese		‹ yowk ›
Old
Chinese		/*ɢ(r)ok/
Englishdesire (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character欲
Reading #1/1
No.4303
Phonetic
component		谷
Rime
group		屋
Rime
subdivision		0
Corresponding
MC rime		欲
Old
Chinese		/*loɡ/

Definitions

欲

  1. wish; desire
    口腹之欲  ―  kǒufùzhīyù  ―  desire to eat
    控制欲  ―  kòngzhì yù  ―  desire to control
    權力欲／权力欲  ―  quánlì yù  ―  desire for power
  2. to wish; to desire; to want
    • 工欲善其事，必先利其器。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
      From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
      Gōng yù shàn qí shì, bì xiān lì qí qì. [Pinyin]
      If a workman wishes to do a good job, he must first sharpen his tools.
    • 如閣下欲以電郵聯絡政府資訊中心，請透過網頁：XYZ傳送問題。 [MSC, trad.]
      如阁下欲以电邮联络政府资讯中心，请透过网页：XYZ传送问题。 [MSC, simp.]
      Rú géxià yù yǐ diànyóu liánluò zhèngfǔ zīxùn zhōngxīn, qǐng tòuguò wǎngyè: XYZ chuánsòng wèntí. [Pinyin]
      Please send your enquiries and suggestions to the Public Information Centre by email via the homepage: XYZ.
  3. about to
    搖搖欲墜／摇摇欲坠  ―  yáoyáoyùzhuì  ―  tottering (literally, “shaking or swaying as if about to collapse”)

Compounds

Derived terms from 欲

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 欲 – see 慾 (“desire; lust”).
(This character, 欲, is the simplified and variant traditional form of 慾.)
Notes:
  • Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia and Singapore.
  • Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.
欲
alternative forms
 
覓／觅
卜
要
勃 Min Dong
剝／剥 Min Dong
覓／觅
卜
要
勃 Min Dong
剝／剥 Min Dong
憋 Hainanese

From the grammaticalization of 發 (OC *pad, “to send out; to go forth; to proceed”) (Tu, 2017).

Pronunciation

  • Min Dong (BUC): buóh
  • Min Nan (POJ): beh / berh / boeh / boh
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: buóh
      • Sinological IPA (key): /puɔʔ²⁴/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Yilan, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Hsinchu, Taichung, Philippines, Jinjiang)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: beh
      • Tâi-lô: beh
      • Phofsit Daibuun: beq
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Tainan, Kaohsiung): /beʔ³²/
      • IPA (Yilan): /beʔ²/
      • IPA (Philippines, Jinjiang): /beʔ⁵/
    • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: berh
      • Tâi-lô: berh
      • IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang): /bəʔ⁵/
      • IPA (Kinmen): /bəʔ³²/
    • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: boeh
      • Tâi-lô: bueh
      • Phofsit Daibuun: boeq
      • IPA (Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /bueʔ³²/
    • (Hokkien: Magong)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: boh
      • Tâi-lô: boh
      • Phofsit Daibuun: boiq

Definitions

欲

  1. (Min Dong, Hokkien, Hainanese) to want (to do)
    你欲佮我去圖書館無？ [Hokkien, trad.]
    你欲佮我去图书馆无？ [Hokkien, simp.]
    Lí beh kah góa khì tô͘-su-koán bô? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    Do you want to go to the library with me?
    • 魯憋去哪溜 [Hainanese, trad.]
      鲁憋去哪溜 [Hainanese, simp.]
      From: 金岛乐团, lyrics by 卢海清, 琼海溜
      Where do you want to go?
  2. (Min Dong, Hokkien) about to
    欲落雨矣，咱著出去收衫。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    欲落雨矣，咱着出去收衫。 [Hokkien, simp.]
    Beh lo̍h-hō͘--ah, lán tio̍h chhut-khì siu-saⁿ. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    It's about to rain! Let's go out to bring in the laundry.
    • 天烏烏，欲落雨。 [Hokkien, trad.]
      天乌乌，欲落雨。 [Hokkien, simp.]
      From: 《天烏烏》 (Hokkien nursery rhyme)
      Thiⁿ o͘-o͘, beh lo̍h-hō͘. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
      The sky is dark; it seems like it will rain.
  3. (Hokkien, Hainanese) if
    欲我，我就會較早睏。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    欲我，我就会较早困。 [Hokkien, simp.]
    Beh góa, góa tō ē khah-chá khùn. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    If I were you, I would've slept earlier.
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 要 (“to want (to do something)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
edit
Classical Chinese欲1
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)要, 欲1
MandarinBeijing要
Taiwan要, 想
Jinan要
Xi'an要
Wuhan要
Chengdu要
Yangzhou要
Hefei要
Malaysia要
Singapore要
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)要
CantoneseGuangzhou要, 想
Hong Kong要, 想
Yangjiang愛
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)要, 想, 愛
Singapore (Guangfu)要, 想
GanNanchang要
HakkaMeixian愛
Wuhua (Meilin)愛
Zijin愛
Miaoli (N. Sixian)愛
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)愛
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)愛
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)愛
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)愛
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)愛, 討
Kuching (Hepo)愛
JinTaiyuan要
Min BeiJian'ou讓
Min DongFuzhou欲3
Min NanXiamen欲3
Quanzhou欲3
Jinjiang欲3
Zhangzhou欲3
Taipei欲3
New Taipei (Sanxia)欲3
Kaohsiung欲3
Yilan欲3
Changhua (Lukang)欲3
Taichung欲3
Tainan欲3
Hsinchu欲3
Kinmen欲3
Penghu (Magong)欲3
Penang (Hokkien)愛
Singapore (Hokkien)愛, 欲3
Manila (Hokkien)欲3, 愛
Medan (Hokkien)愛
Chaozhou愛
Shantou愛
Haifeng愛
Singapore (Teochew)愛
Wenchang欲3
Qionghai欲3
Singapore (Hainanese)欲3
WuShanghai要
Suzhou要
Wenzhou愛
XiangChangsha要
Shuangfeng要

Compounds

  • 咧欲
  • 嘛欲 (mā beh, mā boeh)
  • 拄欲 (tú beh, tú boeh)
  • 欲呢 (beh-nî, boeh-nî)
  • 欲暗仔 (beh-àm-á, boeh-àm-á)
  • 欲知
  • 活欲 (oa̍h-beh) (Min Nan)
  • 強欲／强欲 (kiōng-beh, kiōng-boeh)
  • 春天後母面，欲變一時間／春天后母面，欲变一时间 (chhun-thiⁿ āu-bú bīn, beh piàn chi̍t sî-kan) (Min Nan)
  • 欲晝仔／欲昼仔 (beh-tàu-á)
  • 無欲／无欲 (bô-beh)
  • 當欲／当欲

Etymology 4

simp. and trad.
欲

Pronunciation

  • Min Nan (Teochew, Peng'im): ain3
  • Min Nan
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: ain3
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: àiⁿ
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ãĩ²¹³/

Definitions

欲 (Teochew)

  1. Alternative form of 愛／爱 (ain3).
    1. to need; to want (an object)
    2. to want (to do)
    3. to need to; must
    4. about to

See also

  • 要 (yào)

References

  • “Query for 欲”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan], Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

Japanese

Kanji

欲

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. want

Readings

  • Go-on: よく (yoku, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: よく (yoku, Jōyō)
  • Kun: ほしい (hoshii, 欲しい, Jōyō); ほっする (hossuru, 欲する, Jōyō); ほりす (horisu, 欲す)

Usage notes

This character was sometimes used to phonetically transcribe the Old Japanese word for “night” (yo). [cf. Manyōshū : 4134]

Compounds

  • 愛(あい)欲(よく) (aiyoku)
  • 強(ごう)欲(よく) (gōyoku)
  • 色(しき)欲(よく) (shikiyoku)
  • 食(しょく)欲(よく) (shokuyoku)
  • 性(せい)欲(よく) (seiyoku)
  • 大(たい)欲(よく) (taiyoku)
  • 物(ぶつ)欲(よく) (butsuyoku)
  • 無(む)欲(よく) (muyoku)
  • 名(めい)誉(よ)欲(よく) (meiyoyoku)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
欲
よく
Grade: 6
Alternative spelling
慾

Attested from the thirteenth century.[1]

Pronunciation

  • On’yomi
    • (Tokyo) よく​ [yòkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
    • IPA(key): [jo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

欲(よく) • (yoku) 

  1. desire, a want, that which is wanted
    Synonym: 欲望 (yokubō)
    欲(よく)を言(い)うと
    yoku o iu to
    ideally; if one were to ask for one's desire
  2. greed, avarice
    Synonym: 強欲 (gōyoku)
    欲(よく)の塊(かたまり)
    yoku no katamari
    greed incarnate; a lump of avarice
  3. ambition, will
    Synonym: 意欲 (iyoku)
    欲(よく)を出(だ)せ
    yoku o dase
    aim high; show ambition

References

  1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

Korean

Hanja

欲 (eumhun 바랄 욕 (baral yok))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

欲: Hán Nôm readings: dục, giục

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
随便看

　

国际大辞典收录了7408809条英语、德语、日语等多语种在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词及词组的翻译及用法，是外语学习的有利工具。

　

Copyright © 2004-2023 idict.net All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/8/8 9:29:35