模糊

模糊

See also: 糢糊

Chinese

		imitate; model; norm imitate; model; norm; pattern	paste; cream; muddled paste; cream; muddled; scorched
trad. (模糊)		模	糊
simp. #(模糊)		模	糊
alternative forms		糢糊 模胡 麻糊 蠻糊／蛮糊

Etymology

Etymology unclear. A literal derivation is unlikely. First attested in the Tang Dynasty. If not a loanword from an Altaic language, it is likely that this is a disyllabic derivative of the Old Chinese root *m̥aŋ/m̥oŋ/m̥ɯŋ ("unclear, confused"), which had numerous descendants, for example 盲 (máng, “to be blind”), 茫 (máng, “boundless and indistinct”), 蒙 (méng, “darkness”), 夢／梦 (mèng, “dream”), 昏 (hūn, “dim, confused”). Compare 馬虎／马虎 (mǎhu, “careless”), 麻胡 (máhú, “a mythical ferocious character”), 瑪呼／玛呼 (mǎhū, “(to put on) a mask”), 糊塗／糊涂 (hútu, “confused, obfuscated”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): móhu, móhú, mōhu

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄛˊ ˙ㄏㄨ, ㄇㄛˊ ㄏㄨˊ, ㄇㄛ ˙ㄏㄨ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mou⁴ wu⁴
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): mô͘-hô͘ / bô͘-hô͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): mo⁵ hu⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: móhu
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˊ ˙ㄏㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: móhů
    • Wade–Giles: mo²-hu⁵
    • Yale: mwó-hu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mo.hu
    • Palladius: моху (moxu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mwɔ³⁵ xu³/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: móhú
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˊ ㄏㄨˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: móhú
    • Wade–Giles: mo²-hu²
    • Yale: mwó-hú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mohwu
    • Palladius: моху (moxu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mwɔ³⁵ xu³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, common variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mōhu
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄛ ˙ㄏㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mohů
    • Wade–Giles: mo¹-hu⁵
    • Yale: mwō-hu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mho.hu
    • Palladius: моху (moxu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mwɔ⁵⁵ xu²/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: mou⁴ wu⁴
    • Yale: mòuh wùh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mou⁴ wu⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: mou⁴ wu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mou̯²¹ wuː²¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mô͘-hô͘
    • Tâi-lô: môo-hôo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: mo'hoo
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² hɔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /mɔ̃¹³⁻²² hɔ¹³/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bô͘-hô͘
    • Tâi-lô: bôo-hôo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bo'hoo
    • IPA (Taipei): /bɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɔ²³⁻³³ hɔ²³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /bɔ²⁴⁻²² hɔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɔ¹³⁻²² hɔ¹³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: mo⁵ hu⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mô hû
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hu⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: /muo  ɦuo/

Rime
Character	模	糊
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	莫胡切	戸吳切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/muo/	/ɦuo/
Pan Wuyun	/muo/	/ɦuo/
Shao Rongfen	/mo/	/ɣo/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mɔ/	/ɦɔ/
Li Rong	/mo/	/ɣo/
Wang Li	/mu/	/ɣu/
Bernard Karlgren	/muo/	/ɣuo/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mú	hú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mou4	wu4

Adjective

模糊

1. blurry; vague; obscure; fuzzy

   我的電腦屏幕突然變得模糊不清。 [MSC, trad.]
   我的电脑屏幕突然变得模糊不清。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ de diànnǎo píngmù tūrán biàndé móhu bùqīng. [Pinyin]

   My computer screen suddenly went blurry.

   我模模糊糊記得他的樣子。 [MSC, trad.]
   我模模糊糊记得他的样子。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ mómóhuhu jìdé tā de yàngzi. [Pinyin]

   I vaguely remember what he looked like.

Synonyms

edit

Synonyms of 模糊

不清 (bùqīng) 低迷 (dīmí) 依稀 (yīxī) 含混 (hánhùn) 含糊 (hánhu) 微茫 (wēimáng) (formal) 恍惚 (huǎnghū)

淡漠 (dànmò) 朦朧／朦胧 (ménglóng) 模稜／模棱 (móléng) 約略／约略 (yuēlüè) 迷離／迷离 (mílí) (literary) 隱約／隐约 (yǐnyuē) 隱隱／隐隐 (yǐnyǐn)

Antonyms

• 清晰 (qīngxī)

Derived terms

模模糊糊 模糊不清 (móhúbùqīng) 模糊音 (móhúyīn) 血肉模糊 (xuèròumóhú)

模糊數學／模糊数学 模糊理論／模糊理论 模糊邏輯／模糊逻辑 (móhú luójí)

Related terms

• 迷糊 (míhu)

Verb

模糊

1. to blur; to confuse; to mix up

   別模糊這兩個成語之間的差別。 [MSC, trad.]
   别模糊这两个成语之间的差别。 [MSC, simp.]

   Bié móhu zhè liǎng ge chéngyǔ zhījiān de chābié. [Pinyin]

   Don't mix up the differences between these two idioms.

Synonyms

edit

Synonyms of 模糊

串 (chuàn) 混合 (hùnhé) 混同 (hùntóng) 混淆 (hùnxiáo) 亂／乱 (luàn) (literary, or in compounds) 夾雜／夹杂 (jiāzá) 廝混／厮混 (sīhùn)

拍濫／拍滥 (Min Nan) 拍相濫／拍相滥 (Min Nan) 摻和／掺和 (chānhuo) 摻濫／掺滥 (Min Nan) 摻雜／掺杂 (chānzá) 混雜／混杂 (hùnzá) 羼雜／羼杂 (chànzá)