樑

樑

See also: 梁

樑 U+6A11, 樑 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6A11 ← 樐 [U+6A10] CJK Unified Ideographs 樒 → [U+6A12]

Translingual

Han character

樑 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 木水戈木 (DEID), four-corner 4799₄, composition ⿰木梁)

References

• KangXi: page 549, character 28
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15427
• Dae Jaweon: page 937, character 22
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1284, character 9
• Unihan data for U+6A11

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Chinese

trad.		樑/梁
simp.		梁
alternative forms		鿄 𣸑 渿 𣹷 𨎛 “bridge for vehicles”

Glyph origin

Specialized form of 梁 (OC *raŋ, “beam; bridge”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): liáng (liang²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄤˊ

  (Chengdu, SP): niang²

• Cantonese (Jyutping): loeng⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): liòng
• Min Dong (BUC): liòng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): niû / niô͘ / liông / liâng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): niên⁵ / nion⁵ / liang⁵

• Wu (Wiktionary): lian (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: liáng
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄤˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: liáng
    • Wade–Giles: liang²
    • Yale: lyáng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liang
    • Palladius: лян (ljan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ljɑŋ³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: niang²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: liang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /niaŋ²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: loeng⁴
    • Yale: lèuhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: loeng⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: lêng⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lœːŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liòng
    • Hakka Romanization System: liongˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: liong²
    • Sinological IPA: /li̯oŋ¹¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: liòng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃uoŋ⁵³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: niû
    • Tâi-lô: niû
    • Phofsit Daibuun: niuu
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Yilan, Kinmen): /niũ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /niũ²³/
    • IPA (Singapore): /niu²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Tainan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: niô͘
    • Tâi-lô: niôo
    • IPA (Tainan): /niɔ̃²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /niɔ̃¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liông
    • Tâi-lô: liông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lioong
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɔŋ²³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /liɔŋ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liâng
    • Tâi-lô: liâng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liaang
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /liaŋ¹³/

Note:

• niû/niô͘ - vernacular;
• liông/liâng - literary.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: niên⁵ / nion⁵ / liang⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: niêⁿ / niôⁿ / liâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nĩẽ⁵⁵/, /nĩõ⁵⁵/, /liaŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

• niên5, nion5 - vernacular (niên5 - Chaozhou);
• liang5 - literary.

• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: lian (T3)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /liã²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /lɨɐŋ/

Rime
Character	樑
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	呂章切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/liɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/liɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/liaŋ/
Wang Li	/lĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	liáng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	loeng4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*raŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*raŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	樑
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	liáng
Middle Chinese	‹ ljang ›
Old Chinese	/*raŋ/
English	beam; bridge
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	樑
Reading #	1/1
No.	1648
Phonetic component	刅
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	良
Old Chinese	/*raŋ/

Definitions

樑

1. bridge

   橋樑／桥梁  ―  qiáoliáng  ―  bridge

2. roof beam

   棟樑／栋梁  ―  dòngliáng  ―  ridgepole, pillar, anchor, mainstay

3. ridge

   鼻樑／鼻梁  ―  bíliáng  ―  bridge (of a nose)

Compounds

上樑／上梁 (shàngliáng) 下樑／下梁 (xiàliáng) 偷樑換柱／偷梁换柱 (tōuliánghuànzhù) 屋樑／屋梁 (wūliáng) 山樑／山梁 (shānliáng) 懸樑／悬梁 (xuánliáng)

房樑／房梁 (fángliáng) 架樑／架梁 棟樑／栋梁 (dòngliáng) 樑上君子／梁上君子 (liángshàngjūnzǐ) 橋樑／桥梁 (qiáoliáng) 橫樑／横梁 (héngliáng)

脊樑／脊梁 (jǐliang) 跳樑／跳梁 (tiàoliáng) 頂樑柱／顶梁柱 (dǐngliángzhù) 高樑／高梁 (gāoliáng) 鼻樑／鼻梁 (bíliáng)

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Japanese

Kanji

樑

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

• On (unclassified): りょう (ryō)
• Kun: はし (hashi, 樑); はり (hari, 樑); やな (yana, 樑)

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Korean

Hanja

樑 • (ryang>yang, hoe) (hangeul 량>양, 회, revised ryang>yang, hoe, McCune–Reischauer ryang>yang, hoe, Yale lyang>yang, hoy)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

樑: Hán Nôm readings: rường, lương, sườn, giường

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation