槓

槓

See also: 杠

槓 U+69D3, 槓 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-69D3 ← 槒 [U+69D2] CJK Unified Ideographs 槔 → [U+69D4]

Translingual

Han character

槓 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 木一月金 (DMBC), four-corner 4198₆, composition ⿰木貢)

References

• KangXi: not present, would follow page 546, character 25
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15343
• Dae Jaweon: page 934, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1260, character 4
• Unihan data for U+69D3

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Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 貢／贡 (OC *koːŋs).

Etymology 1

trad.		槓/杠*
simp.		杠*

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gàng (gang⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄤˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gong³, gung³
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): kàng / kòng / kǹg

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gang³ / gong³

• Wu (Wiktionary): kaan (T2)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gàng
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄤˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gàng
    • Wade–Giles: kang⁴
    • Yale: gàng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ganq
    • Palladius: ган (gan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɑŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gong³, gung³
    • Yale: gong, gung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gong³, gung³
    • Guangdong Romanization: gong³, gung³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔːŋ³³/, /kʊŋ³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kàng
    • Tâi-lô: kàng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kaxng
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kaŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kaŋ¹¹/
  • (Hokkien: Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kòng
    • Tâi-lô: kòng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koxng
    • IPA (Singapore): /kɔŋ²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kǹg
    • Tâi-lô: kǹg
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kngx
    • IPA (Taipei): /kŋ̍¹¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /kŋ̍²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kŋ̍⁴¹/

Note: kòng - used only in mahjong.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gang³ / gong³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kàng / kòng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaŋ²¹³/, /koŋ²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: kaan (T2)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɑ̃³⁴/

Definitions

槓

1. lever, pole, crowbar
2. sharpen
3. (Cantonese) wardrobe, trunk
4. (mahjong) kong
5. (neologism) Short for 抬槓／抬杠 (táigàng).

Usage notes

• When playing mahjong, this word is said as a call when declaring a kong.

Descendants

• English: kong
• Japanese: 槓(カン) (kan)

Compounds

保險槓／保险杠 (bǎoxiǎngàng) 倔槓頭／倔杠头 單槓／单杠 (dāngàng) 大抬其槓／大抬其杠 大槓／大杠 抬槓／抬杠 (táigàng) 插槓子／插杠子 (chā gàngzi) 搶槓／抢杠 (qiǎnggàng) 撬槓／撬杠 (qiàogàng) 攀槓子／攀杠子 敲竹槓／敲竹杠 (qiāo zhúgàng) 明槓／明杠 (mínggàng)

暗槓／暗杠 (àngàng) 槓上了／杠上了 (gàngshàngle) 槓上開花／杠上开花 (gàngshàng kāihuā) 槓刀／杠刀 槓刀布／杠刀布 槓夫／杠夫 (gàngfū) 槓子／杠子 (gàngzi) 槓子火燒／杠子火烧 槓子頭／杠子头 槓房／杠房 槓桿／杠杆 (gànggǎn) 槓桿定律／杠杆定律

槓槓的／杠杠的 (gánggángde) 槓牌／杠牌 槓鈴／杠铃 (gànglíng) 槓頭／杠头 (gàngtóu) 槓龜／杠龟 (gàngguī) 盤槓子／盘杠子 穿心槓子／穿心杠子 竹槓／竹杠 (zhúgàng) 起槓／起杠 開槓／开杠 (kāigàng) 雙槓／双杠 (shuānggàng) 高低槓／高低杠 (gāodīgàng)

Etymology 2

trad.		槓
simp.		杠*
alternative forms		籠／笼 櫳／栊

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lung⁵

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• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: lung⁵
    • Yale: lúhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lung⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: lung⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lʊŋ¹³/

Definitions

槓

1. (Cantonese)Alternative form of 籠 (“trunk; chest; large box”).

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Japanese

Kanji

槓

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. lever

Readings

• Go-on: こう (kō)
• Kan-on: こう (kō)^{←かう (kau, historical)}
• Kun: てこ (teko, 槓)

Compounds

• 槓(こう)桿(かん) (kōkan, “lever”)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
槓
カン Hyōgaiji
irregular

From Mandarin 槓／杠 (gàng).[1][2]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kã̠ɴ]

Noun

槓(カン) • (kan) 

1. (mahjong) Short for 槓子 (kantsu): a set of four identical tiles
2. (mahjong) a call for such a set (compare English kong):
   1. for a 明槓 (minkan, “open kan”), the player calling should have a 暗刻 (ankō, “closed triplet”) in hand and the current discarded tile is the fourth tile
   2. for a 加槓 (kakan, “added kan”), the player should have an 明刻 (minkō, “open triplet”) beforehand and the fourth tile must be self-drawn
   3. for an 暗槓 (ankan, “closed kan”), the player calling must simply have all four tiles in hand

Coordinate terms

• 吃(チー) (chī, “call for a sequence”, compare English chow)
• 碰(ポン) (pon, “call for an open triplet”, compare English pung)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 槓(カン)子(ツ) (kantsu)
• 槓(カン)ドラ (kandora)
• 暗(アン)槓(カン) (ankan)
• 加(カ)槓(カン) (kakan)
• 搶(チャン)槓(カン) (chankan)
• 明(ミン)槓(カン) (minkan)

References

1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
2. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

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Korean

Hanja

槓 • (gong) (hangeul 공, revised gong, McCune–Reischauer kong, Yale kong)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

槓: Hán Nôm readings: cổng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.