棣

棣

棣 U+68E3, 棣 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-68E3 ← 棢 [U+68E2] CJK Unified Ideographs 棤 → [U+68E4]

Translingual

Han character

棣 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 木中水 (DLE), four-corner 4593₂, composition ⿰木隶)

Further reading

• KangXi: page 533, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14957
• Dae Jaweon: page 921, character 16
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1240, character 3
• Unihan data for U+68E3

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Chinese

trad.		棣
simp. #		棣

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (隶) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
曃	*l̥ʰɯːds
埭	*l'ɯːds
逮	*l'ɯːds, *l'ɯːds
靆	*l'ɯːds
齂	*hmrɯːds, *hmrɯds, *mrɯːd
棣	*l'ɯːds
隸	*rɯːds
肆	*hljɯds
蕼	*hljɯds
肂	*hljɯds
殔	*lɯds
隶	*lɯds

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *l'ɯːds) : semantic 木 (“wood; tree”) + phonetic 隶 (OC *lɯds)

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dì (di⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): dai⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dì
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dì
    • Wade–Giles: ti⁴
    • Yale: dì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dih
    • Palladius: ди (di)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: dai⁶
    • Yale: daih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dai⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: dei⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɐi̯²²/

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• Middle Chinese: /dei^H/

Rime
Character	棣
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	特計切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/deiH/
Pan Wuyun	/deiH/
Shao Rongfen	/dɛiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dɛjH/
Li Rong	/deiH/
Wang Li	/dieiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱieiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dai6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[N].rˤəp-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*l'ɯːds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	棣
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dì
Middle Chinese	‹ dejH ›
Old Chinese	/*[N].rˁəp-s/
English	dang-dejH cherry tree
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	棣
Reading #	1/1
No.	7958
Phonetic component	隶
Rime group	隊
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	第
Old Chinese	/*l'ɯːds/

Definitions

棣

1. (botany) Kerria japonica
2. cherry tree

   • 常棣之華，鄂不韡韡。凡今之人，莫如兄弟。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     常棣之华，鄂不𮧵𮧵。凡今之人，莫如兄弟。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Chángdì zhī huá, è bù wěiwěi. Fán jīn zhī rén, mò rú xiōngdì. [Pinyin]

     The flowers of the cherry tree—
     Are they not gorgeously displayed?
     Of all the men in the world
     There are none equal to brothers.

3. ^† younger brother

   alt. forms: 弟

4. a surname

Compounds

唐棣 (tángdì, “Prunus japonica, brothers”) 常棣 (chángdì, “Prunus japonica, brothers”) 棠棣 (tángdì, “Prunus japonica, brothers”)

棣棠 (dìtáng, “kerria, Kerria japonica”) 棣棠花 (“kerria, Kerria japonica”) 棣花 (Dìhuā)

棣鄂 棣華／棣华 無棣／无棣

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tì (ti⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tì
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tì
    • Wade–Giles: tʻi⁴
    • Yale: tì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tih
    • Palladius: ти (ti)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi⁵¹/

Definitions

棣

1. ^† to attain; to reach

   • 正月，《乾》之九三，萬物棣通。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     正月，《乾》之九三，万物棣通。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE

     Zhèngyuè, “qián” zhī jiǔ sān, wànwù tìtōng. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this example)

Compounds

棣通

棣達／棣达

Pronunciation 3

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dài (dai⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄞˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dài
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dài
    • Wade–Giles: tai⁴
    • Yale: dài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: day
    • Palladius: дай (daj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /taɪ̯⁵¹/

Definitions

棣

1. Only used in 棣棣 (dàidài).

   • 我心匪席，不可卷也。威儀棣棣，不可選也。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     我心匪席，不可卷也。威仪棣棣，不可选也。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Wǒ xīn fěi xí, bùkě juǎn yě. Wēi yí dàidài, bùkě xuǎn yě. [Pinyin]

     My mind is not a mat;
     It cannot be rolled up.
     My deportment has been dignified and good,
     With nothing wrong which can be pointed out.

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Japanese

Kanji

棣

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. (botany) Kerria japonica

Readings

• Go-on: だい (dai)
• Kan-on: てい (tei)
• On: たい (tai)
• Kun: にわざくら (niwazakura); いくり (ikuri); にわうめ (niwaume)
• Nanori: とおる (tōru)

Compounds

• 棣棠(ヤマブキ) (yamabuki)

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Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 棣 (MC dei^H).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 똉〮 (Yale: ttyéy) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 톄〯 (thyěy) (Yale: thyěy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʰe̞]
• Phonetic hangul: [체]

Hanja

Wikisource棣 (eumhun 산앵두나무 체 (sanaengdunamu che))

1. Hanja form^? of 체 (“Vaccinium koreanum”).
2. (literary) Hanja form^? of 체 (“to attain; to reach”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 체당 (棣棠, chedang)
• 체통 (棣通, chetong)
• 체화 (棣華, chehwa)
• 체당화 (棣棠花, chedanghwa)
• 체악지정 (棣鄂之情, cheakjijeong)

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 棣.

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean ᄄᆡᆼ〮 (Yale: ttóy) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [tʰɛ] ~ [tʰe̞]
• Phonetic hangul: [태/테]

Hanja

棣 (eumhun 익숙할 태 (iksukhal tae))

1. (literary) Hanja form^? of 태 (“courteous appearance”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 태태 (棣棣, taetae)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

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Vietnamese

Han character

棣: Hán Việt readings: đệ (大(đại)計(kế)切(thiết))[1], lệ[1]

1. chữ Hán form of đệ (“brother; sibling”).
2. chữ Hán form of lệ (“Kerria japonica”).

References

1. Trần (2004).