枸杞

枸杞

Chinese

			(willow); name of a feudal state
simp. and trad. (枸杞)		枸	杞
variant forms		枸檵 枸忌

wolfberry

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gǒuqǐ

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄡˇ ㄑㄧˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gau² gei²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kiéu-kí
• Min Nan (POJ): kó͘-kí / kió-kí

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: gǒuqǐ [Phonetic: góuqǐ]
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄡˇ ㄑㄧˇ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goouchii
    • IPA ^(key): /koʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gau² gei²
    • Yale: gáu géi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gau² gei²
    • Guangdong Romanization: geo² géi²
    • IPA ^(key): /kɐu̯³⁵ kei̯³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiéu-kí
    • Hakka Romanization System: gieu` gi`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gieu³ gi³
    • IPA: /ki̯eu̯³¹ ki³¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kó͘-kí
    • Tâi-lô: kóo-kí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kofkie
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ki⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ki⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kió-kí
    • Tâi-lô: kió-kí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kioy'kie
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ki⁵⁵⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /kəu^X  kʰɨ^X/▼

Rime
Character	枸	杞
Reading #	3/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	古厚切	墟里切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kəuX/	/kʰɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/kəuX/	/kʰɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/kəuX/	/kʰieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəwX/	/kʰɨX/
Li Rong	/kuX/	/kʰiəX/
Wang Li	/kəuX/	/kʰĭəX/
Bernard Karlgren	/kə̯uX/	/kʰiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gǒu	qǐ

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*koːʔ  kʰɯʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	枸	杞
Reading #	2/3	1/1
No.	7071	5769
Phonetic component	句	己
Rime group	侯	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	苟	起
Old Chinese	/*koːʔ/	/*kʰɯʔ/

Noun

枸杞

1. Chinese wolfberry (Lycium barbarum)

Synonyms

• (Min Nan) 甘杞

Derived terms

枸杞子 (gǒuqǐzǐ, “goji berry”)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (枸杞):

• → Japanese: 枸 (く)杞 (こ) (kuko)
• → Korean: 구기 (枸杞, gugi)

Others:

• → English: goji

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
枸	杞
く Hyōgaiji	こ Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Noun

枸杞 (hiragana くこ, katakana クコ, rōmaji kuko)

1. wolfberry