材料

材料

Chinese

		material	material; stuff; grain material; stuff; grain; feed; to expect; to anticipate; to guess
trad. (材料)		材	料
simp. #(材料)		材	料

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cáiliào

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄞˊ ㄌㄧㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): coi⁴ liu^6-2
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhòi-liau
• Min Dong (BUC): cài-lâiu
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): châi-liāu / chhái-liāu / chhâi-liāu

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cai⁵ liao⁷

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cáiliào
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄞˊ ㄌㄧㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cáiliào
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻai²-liao⁴
    • Yale: tsái-lyàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsairliaw
    • Palladius: цайляо (cajljao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵ ljɑʊ̯⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cáiliàor
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄞˊ ㄌㄧㄠˋㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cáiliàor
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻai²-liaorh⁴
    • Yale: tsái-lyàur
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsairliawl
    • Palladius: цайляор (cajljaor)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵ ljaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: coi⁴ liu^6-2
    • Yale: chòih líu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoi⁴ liu^6-2
    • Guangdong Romanization: coi⁴ liu^6-2
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹ liːu̯²²⁻³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhòi-liau
    • Hakka Romanization System: coiˇ liau
    • Hagfa Pinyim: coi² liau⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoi̯¹¹ li̯au̯⁵⁵/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cài-lâiu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sai⁵³⁻²¹ l̃ɑu²⁴²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: châi-liāu
    • Tâi-lô: tsâi-liāu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zailiau
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sai²³⁻³³ liau³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sai²⁴⁻²² liau⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sai¹³⁻²² liau²²/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sai²⁴⁻²² liau²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sai²⁴⁻¹¹ liau³³/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhái-liāu
    • Tâi-lô: tshái-liāu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhayliau
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liau³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liau³³/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhâi-liāu
    • Tâi-lô: tshâi-liāu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhailiau
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰai²³⁻³³ liau³³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰai²⁴⁻¹¹ liau³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: cai⁵ liao⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshâi liāu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ liau¹¹/

Noun

材料

1. material; stuff; ingredient

   材料加工工程  ―  cáiliào jiāgōng gōngchéng  ―  material processing engineering

2. data
3. reference material; document; documentation; information; source

   需提供材料  ―  xū tígōng cáiliào  ―  supporting documentation

   一手材料  ―  yīshǒu cáiliào  ―  firsthand information; primary source

   這些材料有水分，不真實。 [MSC, trad.]
   这些材料有水分，不真实。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè xiē cáiliào yǒu shuǐfèn, bù zhēnshí. [Pinyin]

   These sources are not genuine as they contain exaggerations.

4. (figurative) makings; material (person of a specified quality)

Synonyms

• (makings): (figurative) 棟樑／栋梁 (dòngliáng), 精英, 俊才 (jùncái), 人才 (réncái), (genius) 天才 (tiāncái)

Derived terms

原材料 (yuáncáiliào) 奈米材料 (nàimǐ cáiliào) 建材 (jiàncái) 耐火材料 超材料 (chāocáiliào) 黑材料 (hēicáiliào)

包裝材料／包装材料 (bāozhuāng cáiliào) 吸聲材料／吸声材料 建築材料／建筑材料 (jiànzhù cáiliào) 納米材料／纳米材料 (nàmǐ cáiliào) 複合材料／复合材料 (fùhé cáiliào)

See also

• 布料 (bùliào)
• 物料 (wùliào)
• 原料 (yuánliào)
• 資料／资料 (zīliào)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
材	料
ざい Grade: 4	りょう Grade: 4
on’yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese compound 材料 (dzoj lew^H, literally “materials + ingredients”). Compare modern Mandarin reading cáiliào.

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Goon
• (Tokyo) ざいりょ​ー [zàíryóꜜò] (Nakadaka – [3])[1][2][3]
• IPA^(key): [d͡za̠iɾʲo̞ː]

Noun

材(ざい)料(りょう) • (zairyō) 

1. a concrete material:
   1. ingredients for food
   2. materials for building something, such as furniture
2. abstract material:
   1. data
   2. a subject to write about
   3. news
   4. a factor influencing markets

Synonyms

• (raw material): 原料(げんりょう) (genryō)
• (subject, topic): 素材(そざい) (sozai)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 材料学(ざいりょうがく) (zairyō gaku): material science
• 材料株(ざいりょうかぶ) (zairyō kabu): an incentive-backed stock
• 材料強弱学(ざいりょうきょうじゃくがく) (zairyō kyōjakugaku): material dynamics
• 材料力学(ざいりょうりきがく) (zairyō rikigaku): material dynamics
• 材料試験(ざいりょうしけん) (zairyō shiken): materials testing
• 材料試験機(ざいりょうしけんき) (zairyō shikenki): a materials tester, a material testing machine
• 材料費(ざいりょうひ) (zairyō hi): the cost of materials

References

1. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
3. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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Korean

Hanja in this term
材	料

Noun

材料 • (jaeryo) (hangeul 재료)

1. Hanja form^? of 재료 (“material; ingredient”).

References

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Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
材	料

Noun

材料

1. chữ Hán form of tài liệu (“document”).