朝

See also: 萌

朝	U+671D, 朝 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-671D

← 朜
[U+671C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

朞 →
[U+671E]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

朝 (Kangxi radical 74, 月+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 十十月 (JJB), four-corner 4742₀, composition ⿰龺月)

Derived characters

𠎫嘲𢢅潮𨗛𣊿𣛨𣎢謿𨅹𩻹𦺓𣋂𢀭廟

References

KangXi: page 506, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14374
Dae Jaweon: page 885, character 7
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2084, character 8
Unihan data for U+671D

Chinese

simp. and trad.		朝
2nd round simp.		䢁
alternative forms		𦩻晁𨊸／䢁調／调 ancient 鼂／鼌

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 朝
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Qin slip script

Characters in the same phonetic series (朝) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
嘲	*ʔr'eːw
廟	*mrews
朝	ʔr'ew, r'ew
潮	*r'ew

In the oracle bone script, it was an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 2 or 4 屮 (“grass”) or even 木 (“tree”) + 日 (“sun”) + 月 (“moon”) – the sun rising above the ground while the waning moon is still in the sky – the morning.

In the bronze script, it was a compound of 𠦝 and a pictograph of a river (川 or 水) – this was possibly an original form for 潮 (OC *r'ew, “tide”). The river glyph may be a corruption of 月 due to association with tides or diurnal events. Chi (2010) considers such forms to be phono-semantic (形聲／形声) , where 𠦝 is the abbreviated form of the phonetic 朝 (OC *ʔr'ew, *r'ew). In the some late Western Zhou forms, 𠦝 was corrupted into a form resembling 車.

According to Guo Moruo, in the stone drum inscriptions (石鼓文, likely from the Spring and Autumn period) 㫃 was added (attached to 車), and the river glyph was replaced with 舟 (OC *tjɯw), which was interpreted as the phonetic component; the small seal script might have inherited from this form. Shuowen interpreted the fused components of 𠦝 and 㫃 as a semantic component 倝 (“dawn”). However, the accuracy of identification has been questioned; the character was a heavily weathered one in which the 㫃 identification was probably spurious and likely influenced by the Shuowen. Meanwhile, the 舟 component on the right remained somewhat legible.[1]

The 舟 component remained in the bamboo and wooden slips of the Warring States period (see the table). In the clerical script since the Han dynasty, 舟 had been reverted to 月; it is unclear whether this was a remnant from 月 in the oracle bone script or a corruption of 舟 (as in 朕 < 𦩎 and many other characters). The current form is essentially inherited from the clerical script.

Etymology

“Morning” > “perform the morning ceremony” > “to go/come to court; to have an audience”. Derivative: 潮 (OC *r'ew, “morning tide”).

Perhaps related to Thai เพรา (prao, “morning”) (Manomaivibool, 1975).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zhāo (zhao¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄓㄠ
(Chengdu, SP): zao¹
Cantonese (Jyutping): ziu¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chêu
Min Dong (BUC): diĕu
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): tiau
(Teochew, Peng'im): ziao¹ / ziou¹
Wu (Wiktionary): tsau (T1)
Xiang (Wiktionary): zhau¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhāo
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄠ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhao
  - Wade–Giles: chao¹
  - Yale: jāu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jau
  - Palladius: чжао (čžao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: zao¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zao
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sau⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: ziu¹
  - Yale: jīu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dziu¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: jiu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siːu̯⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chêu
  - Hakka Romanization System: zeu´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zeu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡seu̯²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: diĕu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tieu⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiau
  - Tâi-lô: tiau
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diaw
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tiau⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiau³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiau⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tiau⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiau⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ziao¹ / ziou¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiau / tsiou
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siau³³/, /t͡siou³³/

Note:

ziao1 - Shantou;
ziou1 - Chaozhou.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: tsau (T1)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔ⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: zhau¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂɒu³³/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡sɒu³³/

Middle Chinese: /ʈˠiᴇu/

Rime
Character	朝
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	宵 (92)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	陟遙切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈˠiᴇu/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈᵚiɛu/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶiæu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈiaw/
Li Rong	/ȶjɛu/
Wang Li	/ȶĭɛu/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶi̯ɛu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhāo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ziu¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*t<r>aw/
(Zhengzhang): /*ʔr'ew/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	朝
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhāo
Middle Chinese	‹ trjew ›
Old Chinese	/*t<r>aw/
English	morning
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	朝
Reading #	1/2
No.	1307
Phonetic component	朝
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	朝
Old Chinese	/*ʔr'ew/
Notes	甲文作日月同在草中表清晨，非舟聲

Definitions

朝

morning
朝夕 ― zhāoxī ― morning and evening; all the time
daytime; day; full day
- 由今之道，無變今之俗，雖與之天下，不能一朝居也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  由今之道，无变今之俗，虽与之天下，不能一朝居也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE
  Yóu jīn zhī dào, wú biàn jīn zhī sú, suī yǔ zhī tiānxià, bùnéng yī zhāo jū yě. [Pinyin]
  Although a prince, pursuing the path of the present day, and not changing its practices, were to have the throne given to him, he could not retain it for a single day.
- 今朝有酒今朝醉，明日愁來明日愁。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  今朝有酒今朝醉，明日愁来明日愁。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: c. 833-909: Luo Yin (羅隱／罗隐), 自遣 (Self Consolation)
  Jīnzhāo yǒu jiǔ jīnzhāo zuì, míngrì chóu lái míngrì chóu. [Pinyin]
  If there is wine today, then today is the day to get drunk. Worry about tomorrow's worries when they come tomorrow.
(obsolete) beginning; start
(Cantonese, Hakka, Min Bei) breakfast
a surname

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 早晨 (“early morning”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		晨, 朝
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		早晨, 清早, 清晨
Mandarin	Beijing	早晨, 早起
	Tianjin	早上, 早晨
	Jinan	早晨, 早晨起來
	Xi'an	趕起, 早起
	Wuhan	早晨
	Chengdu	早晨, 清早
	Liuzhou	早晨頭
	Yangzhou	早上, 早晨
	Hefei	早上
	Singapore	早晨
Cantonese	Guangzhou	朝頭早, 朝早
	Hong Kong	朝頭早, 朝早
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	一早
	Macau	朝早
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	朝頭早
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	朝頭早
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	早朝早
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	朝頭朝早
	Foshan	朝頭早
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	朝頭早
	Foshan (Shunde)	朝頭早
	Foshan (Sanshui)	朝頭早
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	侵早
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	晨早
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	朝頭早
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	朝頭, 朝早
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	朝早
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	朝早
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	朝早
	Taishan	朝頭早, 早朝, 朝早
	Kaiping (Chikan)	朝頭早
	Enping (Niujiang)	一皓
	Heshan (Yayao)	朝早
	Dongguan	朝頭早
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	朝早
	Hepu (Shatian)	早朝, 早晨
	Beihai	朝間早
	Beihai (Nankang)	朝間早
	Beihai (Yingpan)	早朝頭
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	朝頭早, 朝間早
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	朝早
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	朝早頭
	Sanya (Yanglan Maihua)	天光早
	Singapore (Guangfu)	晨早
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	朝頭早
	Móng Cái	朝早
Gan	Nanchang	清早, 早上
Hakka	Meixian	朝晨, 朝晨頭
	Dabu (Gaobei)	朝晨早
	Fengshun (Tangkeng)	朝晨頭
	Fengshun (Fengliang)	朝晨早
	Fengshun (Pantian)	朝晨
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	早晨
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	朝晨頭
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	朝晨頭
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	朝晨早
	Conghua (Lütian)	早上
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	朝晨, 朝晨頭
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	朝晨, 朝晨頭
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	朝晨, 朝晨頭
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	朝晨, 朝晨頭
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	晨早, 晨早頭
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	晨早, 晨早時務
	Sabah (Bao'an)	早晨
Jin	Taiyuan	早晨, 打早, 打早起, 早起, 清早
Min Bei	Jian'ou	早頭
Min Dong	Fuzhou	早頭, 早起頭, 起早, 起早頭
Min Nan	Xiamen	早起
	Quanzhou	早起
	Zhangzhou	早起
	Taipei	早起
	Manila (Hokkien)	早起
	Chaozhou	眠起早, 眠起
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	光早
Zhongshan Min	Sanxiang	通光
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	朝頭
Wu	Shanghai	早浪, 早浪向, 早晨, 早晨頭, 清早晨
	Suzhou	早浪
	Ningbo	天亮, 天亮頭
	Wenzhou	天光早, 天光
Xiang	Changsha	早上, 早晨頭
Xiang	Shuangfeng	早晨家

Dialectal synonyms of 早餐 (“breakfast”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		早飯, 早餐
Mandarin	Beijing	早飯, 早點
	Taiwan	早飯, 早餐, 早點
	Tianjin	點心
	Ulanhot	早上飯
	Tongliao	早上飯
	Chifeng	早飯
	Bayanhot	早飯
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	早上飯
	Harbin	早上飯, 早飯
	Shenyang	早飯
	Yantai (Muping)	朝飯兒, 早飯
	Jinan	早飯, 早晨飯, 早點
	Luoyang	清早飯
	Wanrong	早起飯
	Zhengzhou	清早起來飯
	Xi'an	乾早飯, 早飯
	Yinchuan	早飯
	Lanzhou	早飯
	Xining	早起
	Ürümqi	乾早飯, 早飯
	Wuhan	早飯
	Huanggang	早飯
	Chengdu	早飯, 早餐
	Guiyang	早飯
	Kunming	早飯
	Guilin	早飯, 早點
	Liuzhou	早餐, 早飯, 早點
	Xuzhou	早點, 早上飯, 早飯
	Yangzhou	早飯
	Nanjing	早飯, 點心
	Hefei	早飯
	Nantong	早飯
	Malaysia	早餐
	Singapore	早餐
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	趕早飯
Cantonese	Guangzhou	早餐, 朝早飯, 朝
	Hong Kong	早餐
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	早飯
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	早飯
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	早飯
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	早飯, 朝頭
	Macau	早餐
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	早餐
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	早飯
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	早餐
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	早飯, 早餐
	Foshan	早餐
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	粥
	Foshan (Shunde)	早餐
	Foshan (Sanshui)	朝早飯
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	早飯
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	早餐
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	早餐
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	早餐
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	朝早飯
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	朝早飯
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	早餐
	Taishan	早餐
	Kaiping (Chikan)	早餐
	Enping (Niujiang)	早餐
	Heshan (Yayao)	早飯
	Dongguan	早餐
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	早餐
	Shaoguan	早餐
	Yunfu	早餐
	Yangjiang	朝
	Xinyi	朝
	Lianjiang	朝
	Nanning	過早
	Wuzhou	過早
	Yulin	早朝
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	早朝
	Danzhou	早朝
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	早餐
	Singapore (Guangfu)	早餐
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	早餐
Gan	Nanchang	早飯
	Lichuan	早飯
	Pingxiang	早飯
Hakka	Meixian	朝
	Xingning	朝
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	朝, 早餐
	Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua)	朝
	Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua)	朝
	Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua)	朝
	Huidong (Daling)	朝
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	朝
	Longmen (Pingling Bendihua)	早餐, 朝
	Longmen (Luxi Bendihua)	朝
	Boluo (Bendihua)	早餐
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	朝
	Zengcheng (Zhengguo)	朝
	Zhongshan (Wuguishan)	朝, 早餐
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	早餐
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	朝
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	朝
	Wuhua (Changbu)	朝
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	朝
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	朝
	Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua)	朝
	Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua)	朝
	Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua)	朝
	Heping (Linzhai Bendihua)	朝
	Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua)	朝
	Lianping (Longjie Bendihua)	朝
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	朝
	Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua)	朝
	Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua)	朝
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	朝
	Liannan	朝
	Conghua (Lütian)	朝
	Jiexi	朝
	Changting	朝
	Wuping	朝
	Wuping (Pingyu)	朝
	Liancheng	天光
	Ninghua	朝飯
	Yudu	晨朝
	Ruijin	朝
	Shicheng	朝飯
	Shangyou (Shexi)	早晨
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	朝
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	朝
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	朝
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	朝
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	朝
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	早頓, 早, 晨早
	Hong Kong	朝, 朝飯
	Luchuan	朝
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	朝, 早點
	Sabah (Longchuan)	早餐
	Senai (Huiyang)	朝, 早餐
	Singkawang	朝
Huizhou	Jixi	早飯
	Shexian	早飯
	Tunxi	天光
	Xiuning	天光
	Yixian	天光
	Qimen	點心
	Wuyuan	朝飯, 朝粥
Jin	Taiyuan	早清飯, 清早飯, 打早飯
	Pingyao	早起飯, 早晨飯
	Xinzhou	打早飯, 早起飯, 早升飯
	Taibus (Baochang)	早飯
	Linhe	早飯
	Jining	早飯
	Hohhot	早飯
	Baotou	早飯
	Dongsheng	早飯
	Haibowan	早點
Min Bei	Jian'ou	早
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	早
	Songxi	飯
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	飯
	Wuyishan	朝
	Pucheng (Shibei)	朝
Min Dong	Fuzhou	早
	Fuqing	飯, 早
	Zhouning	飯
Min Nan	Xiamen	早頓, 早起頓, 早起
	Quanzhou	早頓, 早起頓, 早起
	Yongchun	早起
	Zhangzhou	早頓, 早起頓, 早起
	Singapore (Hokkien)	早起頓, 早起, 早餐, 早頓
	Manila (Hokkien)	早餐, 早起
	Zhangping	飯
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	飯
	Chaozhou	眠起, 早餐
	Shantou	猛早頓, 猛早, 早飯, 早糜
	Haifeng	眠早
	Bangkok (Teochew)	早餐, 早頓
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	早餐
	Singapore (Teochew)	早餐
	Leizhou	早糜, 早
	Wenchang	糜旦, 天光糜, 早
	Haikou	天光糜, 天光, 天光早糜, 天光早, 天光白糜, 天光白
	Qionghai	早糜, 早餐
	Singapore (Hainanese)	早餐
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	早餐
Zhongshan Min	Sanxiang	早餐
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	過早, 朝飯, 點心
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	早飯
Wu	Shanghai	早飯
	Shanghai (Chongming)	飯
	Suzhou	早飯
	Wuxi	早飯, 早點
	Danyang	早飯
	Hangzhou	早飯
	Ningbo	天亮飯
	Wenzhou	天光
	Jinhua	五更兒飯, 五更飯, 五更兒
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	五更
Xiang	Changsha	早飯
	Loudi	早飯
	Shuangfeng	早飯, 晨飯
	Quanzhou	早飯

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (朝):

→ Japanese: 朝(ちょう) (chō)
→ Korean: 조(朝) (jo)
→ Vietnamese: triêu (朝)

Compounds

Derived terms

朝早
早朝
一朝一夕
匪朝伊夕
做朝
今朝
崇朝
一朝
三朝五日
危若朝露
小年朝
不終朝
二朝王醮
夜月花朝
夏蟲朝菌
兩日三朝
朝令暮改
朝暮
朝朝
朝行夕改
朝夕
朝虀暮鹽
朝榮夕滅
朝朝暮暮
朝梁暮晉
朝歌夜絃
歲朝
每朝逐日
生朝
朝夕難保
朝霞
朝不保暮
朝榮夕斃
暮四朝三
朝三暮四
朝發夕至
朝升暮合
朝過夕改
朝不圖夕
暮去朝來
朝日新聞

朝思夕計
每日逐朝
朝出夕改
朝梁暮陳
朝榮夕悴
朝夕不倦
朝思暮想
朝鐘暮鼓
清朝
朝雲暮雨
朝氣勃勃
朝更暮改
朝更夕改
朝經暮史
朝歌
朝槿
朝暉
暮雨朝雲
朝不謀夕
暮虢朝虞
朝令夕改
朝氣
會朝
浮雲朝露
朝歌暮樂
朝參暮禮
朝陽方案
朝會
朝霧
朝氣蓬勃
朝榮暮落
朝不慮夕
當朝
朝歡暮樂
月夜花朝
滅此朝食
朝餐夜宿
有朝一日
朝兢夕惕
朝聞夕死
每朝每日

朝曦
朝暮課誦
朝暾
暮想朝思
朝聞夕改
朝來暮去
朝菌
朝暮人
朝西暮東
朝露
朝歌暮絃
朝東暮西
朝饔夕飧
朝飯
朝雲
朝陽鳴鳳
朝陽
朝趁暮食
朝秦暮楚
朝生暮死
朝思夕想
朝乾夕惕
朝不及夕
朝不保夕
月夕花朝
朝四暮三
暮楚朝秦
暮暮朝朝
旦暮朝夕
行雨朝雲
花朝
花朝月夜
鳳鳴朝陽
連朝接夕
花朝日
終朝
花朝月夕
花朝節
逐朝每日
朝食
朝蜏

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): cháo (chao²)
(Zhuyin): ㄔㄠˊ
(Chengdu, SP): cao²
Cantonese (Jyutping): ciu⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): ceu²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhèu
Min Dong (BUC): dièu
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): tiâu
(Teochew, Peng'im): ciao⁵ / ciou⁵
Wu (Wiktionary): zau (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cháo
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄠˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cháo
  - Wade–Giles: chʻao²
  - Yale: cháu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chaur
  - Palladius: чао (čao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: cao²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: cao
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰau²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: ciu⁴
  - Yale: chìuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsiu⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: qiu⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: ceu²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛu²⁴/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhèu
  - Hakka Romanization System: ceuˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ceu²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰeu̯¹¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dièu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tieu⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiâu
  - Tâi-lô: tiâu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diaau
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiau²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiau¹³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /tiau²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ciao⁵ / ciou⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshiâu / tshiôu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiau⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰiou⁵⁵/

Note:

ciao5 - Shantou;
ciou5 - Chaozhou.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: zau (T3)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /z̥ɔ²³/

Middle Chinese: /ɖˠiᴇu/

Rime
Character	朝
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	宵 (92)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	直遙切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖˠiᴇu/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖᵚiɛu/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiæu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖiaw/
Li Rong	/ȡjɛu/
Wang Li	/ȡĭɛu/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯ɛu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cháo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ciu⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-t<r>aw/
(Zhengzhang): /*r'ew/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	朝
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cháo
Middle Chinese	‹ drjew ›
Old Chinese	/*m-t<r>aw/
English	(morning) audience at court
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	朝
Reading #	2/2
No.	1309
Phonetic component	朝
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	𪓙
Old Chinese	/*r'ew/

Definitions

朝

(historical) to wish elders or seniors good health; to visit (a senior person)
(historical) to have an audience with the king or emperor; to perform the morning ceremony; to go to court
to make a pilgrimage to; to pay homage to
to assemble; to call; to gather
imperial court
dynasty (line of rulers)
emperor's reign; period ruled by a particular emperor or king
government; imperial government
affairs of the state
(historical) courtier class
(Huizhou) paternal grandfather
to face
朝著南邊／朝着南边 ― cháozhe nánbiān ― facing the south
towards; to; on
朝前看 ― cháo qián kàn ― look ahead [lit. look to the front]
Short for 朝鮮／朝鲜 (Cháoxiǎn, “North Korea; Korea”).
美朝關係／美朝关系 ― Měi Cháo guānxì ― US-North Korea relations

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 祖父 (“paternal grandfather”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		祖父
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		祖父
Mandarin	Beijing	爺爺
	Taiwan	爺爺, 阿公
	Tianjin	爺爺
	Ulanhot	爺爺
	Tongliao	爺爺
	Chifeng	爺爺
	Bayanhot	爺爺
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	爺爺
	Harbin	爺, 爺爺
	Shenyang	爺, 爺爺
	Yantai (Muping)	爺, 爺爺
	Qingdao	爺爺
	Jinan	爺爺
	Luoyang	爺
	Wanrong	爺
	Zhengzhou	爺爺, 爺 non-face-to-face
	Xi'an	爺, 把把 Hui
	Yinchuan	爺爺
	Lanzhou	爺爺
	Xining	爺爺, 爺, 爺兒
	Ürümqi	爺爺, 阿爺 Hui, face-to-face
	Wuhan	爹爹, 爺爺
	Huanggang	爹爹
	Chengdu	爺爺, 爺
	Guiyang	太爺, 老太爺, 爺爺
	Kunming	老爹
	Guilin	爺爺
	Liuzhou	阿公, 公, 爺爺
	Xuzhou	爺爺
	Yangzhou	爹爹
	Nanjing	爺爺, 把把 Hui
	Hefei	爹爹
	Nantong	爹爹
	Singapore	爺爺
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	爺爺
	Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)	把把
Cantonese	Guangzhou	阿爺, 爺爺 face-to-face
	Hong Kong	阿爺, 爺爺
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	阿公, 阿爺
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	爺公 face-to-face, 阿公 non-face-to-face, 阿爺 non-face-to-face
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	阿公
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	阿公
	Macau	阿爺
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	阿爺
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	阿爺
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	阿公
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	阿公, 阿爺
	Foshan	阿爺
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	阿爺
	Foshan (Shunde)	阿爺
	Foshan (Sanshui)	阿爺
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	阿公
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	阿公
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	阿公
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	阿公
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	阿公
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	阿公
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	阿公
	Taishan	阿爺
	Kaiping (Chikan)	阿爺
	Enping (Niujiang)	阿爺
	Heshan (Yayao)	阿爺
	Dongguan	阿公, 阿爺
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	阿公, 阿爺
	Qingyuan	阿公
	Fogang	阿公
	Yingde (Hanguang)	阿公
	Yangshan	阿公
	Lianshan (Butian)	吾蒙
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	阿公
	Shaoguan	阿公, 阿爺
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	阿公, 阿爺
	Renhua	阿公, 阿爺
	Lechang	阿爺
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	爺爺
	Sihui	阿公, 阿爺
	Guangning	阿公
	Deqing	阿翁, 阿爺
	Huaiji	阿公
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	翁
	Yunfu	阿爺
	Xinxing	阿爺
	Luoding	阿爺
	Yunan (Pingtai)	阿公
	Yangjiang	阿公, 阿爺
	Xinyi	阿公
	Maoming (Xinpo)	阿公
	Lianjiang	阿公, 公爹
	Wuchuan (Wuyang)	爹, 阿爹
	Nanning	阿公, 爺爺
	Wuzhou	爺爺, 阿爺
	Yulin	阿公, 阿爺
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	阿公
	Danzhou	爸
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	阿爺
	Singapore (Guangfu)	爺爺
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	阿爺
Gan	Nanchang	公公, 爺爺
	Lichuan	公, 公兒
	Pingxiang	公公
Hakka	Meixian	阿公
	Xingning	阿公
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	阿公
	Huiyang	阿公
	Huidong (Daling)	阿公
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	阿公
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	阿公
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	阿公
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	阿公
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	阿公
	Wuhua (Changbu)	阿公
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	阿公
	Wuhua (Meilin)	阿公
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	阿公
	Wengyuan	阿公
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	公爹
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	阿公
	Liannan	公
	Conghua (Lütian)	阿公
	Jiexi	阿公
	Luhe	阿公
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	阿公
	Changting	公爹
	Wuping	公爹
	Wuping (Yanqian)	公爹
	Wuping (Pingyu)	阿公
	Liancheng	爹
	Ninghua	公公
	Yudu	公爹 non-face-to-face, 公公 face-to-face
	Ningdu	公公
	Ruijin	公公, 公
	Shicheng	公, 公公
	Shangyou (Shexi)	爹爹, 阿爹
	Tonggu (Sandu)	公爹
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	爹爹
	Dayu	爹爹
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	阿公
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	阿公
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	阿公
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	阿爹, 阿公
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	阿公
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	阿公
	Hong Kong	阿公
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	阿公
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	阿公
	Xinyi (Sihe)	阿公
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	阿公
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	阿公
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	阿公
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	阿公
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	阿公
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	阿公
	Mengshan (Xihe)	公
	Luchuan	阿公
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	阿公
	Sabah (Longchuan)	阿公
	Senai (Huiyang)	阿公
	Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)	阿公
	Singkawang	阿公
Huizhou	Jixi	朝, 阿朝 face-to-face
	Shexian	朝, 朝朝, 朝奉, 老奉
	Tunxi	朝朝, 老朝兒
	Xiuning	阿朝, 阿爹
	Yixian	老官
	Qimen	老兒
	Wuyuan	朝朝
	Fuliang	公公, 大大
	Dexing	老爹
	Jingde	公公
	Shitai (Xianyu)	大大
Jin	Taiyuan	爺爺
	Pingyao	爺爺
	Xinzhou	爺爺 non-face-to-face, 爺爺啊 face-to-face, 呀爺 face-to-face
	Taibus (Baochang)	爺爺
	Linhe	爺爺
	Jining	爺爺
	Hohhot	爺爺
	Baotou	爺爺
	Dongsheng	爺爺
	Haibowan	爺爺
Min Bei	Jian'ou	公公, 爹爹, 老爹 face-to-face, 爺爺 new-style
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	阿公
	Songxi	家公
	Zhenghe	公仔
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	公
	Jianyang	爹爹
	Wuyishan	爹爹
	Pucheng (Shibei)	公爹
Min Dong	Fuzhou	依公, 公
	Changle	依公
	Fuqing	阿公
	Yongtai	依公
	Gutian	公
	Fu'an	公
	Ningde	翁
	Zhouning	阿翁
	Fuding	阿公
	Matsu	依公
	Singapore (Fuqing)	阿公
Min Nan	Xiamen	阿公, 俺公, 內公 non-face-to-face
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	阿公
	Quanzhou	阿公, 內公 non-face-to-face
	Jinjiang	俺公
	Yongchun	阿公, 公
	Zhangzhou	阿公, 咉公, 內公 non-face-to-face
	Zhao'an	公
	Taipei	阿公, 俺公, 內公 non-face-to-face; mT
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	阿公
	Kaohsiung	阿公
	Yilan	阿公
	Changhua (Lukang)	阿公, 俺公
	Taichung	阿公
	Taichung (Wuqi)	阿公
	Tainan	阿公
	Taitung	阿公
	Hsinchu	阿公
	Kinmen	俺公
	Penghu (Magong)	阿公
	Penang (Hokkien)	阿公, 公, 內公
	Singapore (Hokkien)	俺公, 阿公, 內公
	Manila (Hokkien)	俺公, 內公 non-face-to-face
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	阿公
	Chaozhou	阿公
	Shantou	阿公
	Shantou (Chenghai)	阿公
	Jieyang	阿公
	Haifeng	阿公, 公
	Bangkok (Teochew)	阿公
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	阿公
	Singapore (Teochew)	阿公
	Batam (Teochew)	阿公
	Leizhou	尼公, 祖公, 公 face-to-face
	Wenchang	公
	Haikou	爸 non-face-to-face, 公 non-face-to-face, 阿爸 face-to-face, 阿公 face-to-face
	Singapore (Hainanese)	阿公
Puxian Min	Putian	阿公
Puxian Min	Xianyou	阿公
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	爹, 太公, 阿爹, 阿公
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	爹爹
Shehua	Fu'an	翁
	Fuding	阿公
	Luoyuan	阿公
	Sanming	阿公
	Shunchang	阿翁
	Hua'an	公
	Cangnan	公
Wu	Shanghai	老爹, 爺爺
	Shanghai (Chongming)	裡公
	Suzhou	阿爹
	Wuxi	爺爺
	Danyang	爺爺
	Hangzhou	爹爹, 爺爺, 阿爹
	Ningbo	阿爺
	Wenzhou	阿爺, 祖公 non-face-to-face, 祖公爺 non-face-to-face
	Jinhua	爺爺
Xiang	Changsha	爹爹, 爺爺, 公公
	Xiangtan	公公, 公毑
	Loudi	阿公, 公公, 佳佳
	Shuangfeng	公公
	Quanzhou	爹爹
Note	mT - mainstream Taiwanese (no particular region identified)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (朝):

→ Japanese: 朝(ちょう) (chō)
→ Korean: 조(朝) (jo)
→ Vietnamese: triều (朝)

Compounds

Derived terms

朝鮮
大回朝
中朝
六朝金粉
南北朝
孔雀王朝
三朝元老
回朝
二朝廷
公朝
上朝取應
前朝
不朝
六朝
夏朝
唐朝
宋朝
小朝廷
勢傾朝野
上朝
國朝
得勝回朝
來朝
大隱朝市
元朝
市朝
三朝
商朝
廟朝
四腳朝天
婆羅王朝
六朝脂粉
天朝
半朝鑾駕
在朝
周朝
參朝
六朝寫經
南朝
北朝
勝朝
屠牛朝歌
內朝
新朝
朝貢
朝巾
朝代

朝天搗亂
朝憲
東朝
盤底朝天
朝天
本朝
歷朝
朝聘
朝政
朝臣
朝鮮薊
朝陽花
手背朝下
朝獻
朝拜
朝野
朝報
朝望
熙朝
朝寄
王朝
明朝
朝正
晉朝
朝服
朝鮮文
朝綱
朝市
朝宗
皇朝
朝遷市變
東市朝衣
斷爛朝報
朝鮮語
視朝
朝日
朝帽
朝歌鼓刀
朝見
登朝
朝山
朝鮮族
百鳥朝鳳
朝奉
朝班
朝聖
班師回朝

朝士
牝朝
朝房
朝衣
朝覲
滿朝文武
朝議
滿朝
改朝換代
朝天宮
晏朝
波旁王朝
漢朝
朝鮮海峽
朝天髻
朝冶
朝賀
朝廷
朝鮮半島
朝頂
朝隱
朝貴
朝考
朝珠
朝柄
朝向
朝儀
秦朝
朝天餛飩
當朝宰相
早朝
迦羅林朝
素面朝天
頭朝裡
貴霜王朝
聖朝
隋朝
金朝
鳴鳳朝陽
設朝升殿
補掛朝珠
遼朝
龔黃滿朝
臨朝
朝眾
朝文

References

徐宝贵 (2007-07-15), “郭沫若《石鼓文研究》摹本及释文辨正”, in 考古学报 (in Chinese), issue 2007-03, pages 313–338

“朝”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學／香港中文大学 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	朝
Kyūjitai [1]	朝󠄁 朝+`󠄁`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
	朝󠄃 朝+`󠄃`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

朝

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

From Middle Chinese 朝 (MC ʈˠiᴇu, “morning”):

Go-on: ちょう (chō, Jōyō)^{←てう (teu, historical)}
Kan-on: ちょう (chō, Jōyō)^{←てう (teu, historical)}
Kun: あさ (asa, 朝, Jōyō); あした (ashita, 朝)
Nanori: とき (toki); はじめ (hajime)

From Middle Chinese 朝 (MC ɖˠiᴇu, “dynasty; imperial court; epoch”):

Go-on: じょう (jō)^{←でう (deu, historical)}
Kan-on: ちょう (chō, Jōyō)^{←てう (teu, historical)}
Nanori: かた (kata); さ (sa); つと (tsuto); とも (tomo); のり (nori)

Compounds

朝臣(あそん) (ason)
朝(ちょう)鮮(せん) (Chōsen)
後朝(きぬぎぬ) (kinuginu)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
朝
あさ Grade: 2
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese. Attested in the Man'yōshū of 759.[2]

Historically, a day was split into two halves:

Afternoon cycle: 朝 (asa) → 昼 (hiru) → 夕 (yū)
Evening cycle: 夕べ (yūbe) → 宵 (yoi) → 夜中 (yonaka) → 暁 (akatsuki) → 朝 (ashita)

While asa and ashita represent the same time period, asa was associated with beginning of the afternoon and ashita was associated with the end of the night. Both terms share an initial as- and are likely etymologically related.

Beyond Japonic, possibly related to Middle Korean 아ᄎᆞᆷ〮 (àchóm, “morning”) > Korean 아침 (achim). Alexander Vovin believes this is a Koreanic borrowing into Japanese, identifying Japanese つとめて (tsutomete) as the native Japonic root for "morning" (Vovin 2010, p. 224).

However, つとめて (tsutomete) is not attested until the late 800s or early 900s,[3] and root 夙 (tsuto) as in 夙に (tsuto ni, “early in the morning”, adverb) not until roughly 850.[4]

Alternatively, may be cognate with adjective 浅い (asai, “shallow; early”), verbs 浅せる (aseru, “to become shallow”) and 褪せる (aseru, “to fade, to become pale”).

The concepts of "shallow" and "deep" are used in other respects relative to time, such as 夜更かし (yofukashi, “staying up late into the night”) and 夜更け (yofuke, “very late at night”), where the fuk- root in both terms is from 深い (fukai, “deep; late, long-lasting”).[5]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) あさ [áꜜsà] (Atamadaka – [1])[6][7]
IPA^(key): [a̠sa̠]

(Kyoto) あさ [àsáꜜ] (Teiki - [2])[8]

Noun

朝(あさ) • (asa)

the morning

Derived terms

朝(あさ)朝(あさ) (asaasa)
朝(あさ)寝(い) (asai)
朝(アサ)顔(ガオ) (asagao)
朝(あさ)立(た)つ (asatatsu)
朝(あさ)付(づ)く日(ひ) (asazuku hi)
朝(あさ)露(つゆ) (asatsuyu)
朝(あさ)な朝(あさ)な (asa na asa na)
朝(あさ)な日(け)に (asa na ke ni)
朝(あさ)な夕(ゆう)な (asa na yū na)
朝(あさ)寝(ね) (asane)
朝(あさ)日(ひ) (asahi)
朝(あさ)星(ぼし) (asaboshi)
朝(あさ)飯(めし) (asameshi)
今(け)朝(さ) (kesa)
毎(まい)朝(あさ) (maiasa)
翌(よく)朝(あさ) (yokuasa)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
朝
あした Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
晨 (morning)

From Old Japanese. Attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720.[9]

Historically, a day was split into two halves:

Afternoon cycle: 朝 (asa) → 昼 (hiru) → 夕 (yū)
Evening cycle: 夕べ (yūbe) → 宵 (yoi) → 夜中 (yonaka) → 暁 (akatsuki) → 朝 (ashita)

While asa and ashita represent the same time period, asa was associated with beginning of the afternoon and ashita was associated with the end of the night. Both terms share an initial as- and are likely etymologically related.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) あした [àshítáꜜ] (Odaka – [3])[6]
IPA^(key): [a̠ɕita̠]

(Kyoto) あした [áshítá] (Kōki - [0])[8]

Noun

朝(あした) • (ashita)

(archaic) the morning, morn
(archaic) the morrow, next morning

Derived terms

明日(あした) (ashita, “tomorrow”)
朝所(あいたんどころ) (aitandokoro)
朝(あした)の霜(しも) (ashita no shimo)
朝(あした)の露(つゆ) (ashita no tsuyu)
朝(あした)の原(はら) (ashita no hara)
朝(あした)の物(もの) (ashita no mono)
年(とし)の朝(あした) (toshi no ashita)
後(のち)の朝(あした) (nochi no ashita)
またの朝(あした) (mata no ashita)
弥(み)勒(ろく)竜(りゅう)華(げ)の朝(あした) (Miroku ryūge no ashita)

Idioms

朝(あした)に星(ほし)をかずく (ashita ni hoshi o kazuku)
朝(あした)に夕(ゆう)べを謀(はか)らず (ashita ni yūbe o hakarazu)

Proverbs

朝(あした)には紅(こう)顔(がん)ありて夕(ゆう)べには白(はっ)骨(こつ)となる (ashita ni wa kōgan arite yūbe ni wa hakkotsu to naru)
朝(あした)に道(みち)を聞(き)かば夕(ゆう)べに死(し)すとも可(か)なり (ashita ni michi o kikaba yūbe ni shisu tomo ka nari)
朝(あした)の雲(くも)夕(ゆう)べの雨(あめ) (ashita no kumo yūbe no ame)
一(いち)日(にち)の計(けい)は朝(あさ)にあり、一(いち)年(ねん)の計(けい)は元(がん)旦(たん)にあり (ichinichi no kei wa asa ni ari, ichinen no kei wa gantan ni ari)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
朝
ちょう Grade: 2
on’yomi

/teu/ → /t͡ɕeu/ → /t͡ɕoː/

The “morning” and “Korea” senses are from Middle Chinese 朝 (MC ʈˠiᴇu).

The “imperial court”, “dynasty”, and “epoch” senses are from Middle Chinese 朝 (MC ɖˠiᴇu), using the 漢音 (kan'on, literally “Han sound”) borrowing.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ちょー [chóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])[6]
IPA^(key): [t͡ɕo̞ː]

Noun

朝(ちょう) • (chō) ^{←てう (teu)^?}

the morning
an imperial court
an imperial reign or dynasty
a country governed by a monarch
a bustling place, such as downtown

Derived terms

朝(ちょう)する (chōsuru)
朝(ちょう)礼(れい) (chōrei)
一(いっ)朝(ちょう) (itchō)
元(がん)朝(ちょう) (ganchō)
毎(まい)朝(ちょう) (maichō)
翌(よく)朝(ちょう) (yokuchō)

Suffix

朝(ちょう) • (-chō) ^{←てう (teu)^?}

dynasty
ブルボン朝(ちょう) ― Burubon-chō ― the Bourbon Dynasty

Derived terms

元(げん)朝(ちょう) (Genchō)
唐(とう)朝(ちょう) (Tōchō)
奈良(なら)朝(ちょう) (Nara-chō)
明(みん)朝(ちょう) (Minchō)

Affix

朝(ちょう) • (chō) ^{←てう (teu)^?}

morning
imperial court
(by extension) Japan
having an audience with the emperor
dynasty, regime
(by extension) epoch, period
Short for 朝鮮 (Chōsen): Korea, specifically short for 朝鮮民主主義人民共和国 (Chōsen Minshu Shugi Jinmin Kyōwakoku): Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea)

Derived terms

朝(ちょう)朝(ちょう) (chōchō)
朝(ちょう)食(しょく) (chōshoku)
朝(ちょう)賀(が) (chōga)
朝(ちょう)刊(かん) (chōkan, “morning newspaper”)
朝(ちょう)議(ぎ) (chōgi)
朝(ちょう)見(けん) (chōken)
朝(ちょう)貢(こう) (chōkō)
朝(ちょう)臣(しん) (chōshin)
朝(ちょう)夕(せき) (chōseki)
朝(ちょう)旦(たん) (chōtan)
朝(ちょう)廷(てい) (chōtei)
朝(ちょう)野(や) (chōya)
王(おう)朝(ちょう) (ōchō)
帰(き)朝(ちょう) (kichō)
後(ご)朝(ちょう) (gochō)
後(こう)朝(ちょう) (kōchō)
今(こん)朝(ちょう) (konchō)
参(さん)朝(ちょう) (sanchō)
早(そう)朝(ちょう) (sōchō)
天(てん)朝(ちょう) (tenchō)
日(にっ)朝(ちょう) (Nitchō)
入(にゅう)朝(ちょう) (nyūchō)
本(ほん)朝(ちょう) (honchō)
明(みょう)朝(ちょう) (myōchō)
来(らい)朝(ちょう) (raichō)
歴(れき)朝(ちょう) (rekichō)

References

1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1093 (paper), page 597 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)
“朝”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
“つとめて”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
“夙に”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
“浅”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō
2002, 京阪系アクセント辞典 (A Dictionary of Tone on Words of the Keihan-type Dialects) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Bensei, →ISBN
“朝・明日”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 朝 (MC ʈˠiᴇu).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 됴ᇢ (Yale: tyow) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 됴 (tyo)^訓 (Yale: tyo) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕo̞]
Phonetic hangul: [조]

Hanja

Wikisource朝 (eumhun 아침 조 (achim jo))

Hanja form^? of 조 (“morning; day”).
Hanja form^? of 조 (“Joseon”).

Compounds

조선 (朝鮮, Joseon)
조식 (朝食, josik)
조석 (朝夕, joseok)
조례 (朝禮, jorye)

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 朝 (MC ɖˠiᴇu).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 뚀ᇢ (Yale: ttyow) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 됴 (tyo)^訓 (Yale: tyo) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕo̞]
Phonetic hangul: [조]

Hanja

朝 (eumhun 조정(朝廷) 조 (jojeong jo))

Hanja form^? of 조 (“dynasty; imperial court”).

Compounds

왕조 (王朝, wangjo)
조정 (朝廷, jojeong)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Okinawan

Kanji

朝

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

On: ちょー (chō)
Kun: あさ (asa, 朝)

Old Japanese

Compounds

朝臣 (aso₂mi₁), 朝臣 (aso₂)
朝庭 (mi₁kado₁)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Japonic *asa.

The as- stem refers to “the morning” or “after the dawn”, possibly cognate with or an apophonic form of 明日 (asu, “tomorrow”).

Noun

朝 (asa) (kana あさ)

the morning, morn
Antonym: 夕 (yupu)

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:朝.

Derived terms

朝寢 (asai)
朝影 (asakage₂)
朝柏 (asakasipa)
朝霞 (asakasumi₁)
朝風 (asakaze)
朝川 (asakapa)
朝顏 (asagapo)
朝髮の (asakami₁ no₂)
朝烏 (asagarasu)
朝狩り (asagari)
朝霧 (asagi₂ri)
朝雲 (asakumo)
朝明け (asake₂)
朝東風 (*asago₂ti)
朝毎 (asago₂to₂)
朝去らず (asa sarazu)
朝霜 (asasimo)
朝立つ (asatatu)
朝月の (asaduki₂ no₂)
朝月夜 (asadukuyo₁)
朝妻 (asaduma)
朝露 (asatuyu)
朝戸 (asato₁)
朝床 (asado₂ko₂)
朝鳥の (asato₂ri no₂)
朝菜 (asana)
朝凪 (asanagi₁)
朝な朝な (asa na 'sa na)
朝に日に (asa ni ke₂ ni)
朝寢髪 (asanegami₁)
朝羽振る (asapapuru)
朝日 (asapi₁)
朝開き (asabi₁raki₁)
朝宮 (asami₁ya)
朝宵 (asayo₂pi₁)
今朝 (ke₁sa)

Descendants

Japanese: 朝 (asa)

Etymology 2

Possibly from 朝 (asa, “morning”, see above) +‎ た (ta, “direction, side”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Noun

朝 (asita) (kana あした)

the morrow, next morning
Antonym: 夕へ (yupupe₁)

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:朝.

Derived terms

朝夕へ (asitayupupe₁)

Descendants

Japanese: 朝, 明日 (ashita)

Vietnamese

Han character

朝: Hán Nôm readings: triều, chầu, chào, tràu, trều, triêu, chiều, giàu, giầu, trào

Related to chầu (“to attend an audience; to attend upon (in design)”). (Nguyễn Văn Khang. Từ ngoại lai trong tiếng Việt, 2007)

Readings

Nôm: chào, chầu, chiều, chìu, dèo, giàu, trào, trèo, triêu, triều

References

Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville

[1] 徐宝贵 (2007-07-15), “郭沫若《石鼓文研究》摹本及释文辨正”, in 考古学报 (in Chinese), issue 2007-03, pages 313–338

[2] 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1093 (paper), page 597 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)

[KDJ2-3] “朝”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN

[KDJ2-tsutomete-4] “つとめて”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN

[KDJ2-tsuto_ni-5] “夙に”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN

[KDJ2-asai-6] “浅”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN

[DJR-7] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[SMK2-8] 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō

[KHK-9] 2002, 京阪系アクセント辞典 (A Dictionary of Tone on Words of the Keihan-type Dialects) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Bensei, →ISBN

[KDJ2-ashita-10] “朝・明日”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN