曲

See also: 麹, 麯, 典, and 麴

曲	U+66F2, 曲 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-66F2

← 曱
[U+66F1]

CJK Unified Ideographs

曳 →
[U+66F3]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

曲 (Kangxi radical 73, 曰+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 廿田 (TW) or 廿月金 (TBC) or X廿田 (XTW), four-corner 5560₀, composition ⿻曰⿰丨丨)

Derived characters

豊, 農, 𪨰, 麯, 𨀪, 𨀲, 㖆, 浀, 粬, 蛐, 𪜔

References

KangXi: page 502, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14280
Dae Jaweon: page 873, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1484, character 2
Unihan data for U+66F2

Chinese

simp. and trad.		曲
alternative forms		𠚖𡆪 ⿱ 丷𡆪

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 曲
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogram (指事) – a bent object.

Also simplified from 麴 via the variant character 麯.

Etymology 1

used in names of rivers: From Tibetan ཆུ (chu, “river”).

to bend, bent, curved, crooked, wrong: From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(k/ʔ)uk (“bend, crooked, return, back, year”) (STEDT). Cognate with Burmese ကျောက် (kyauk, “the back”) and Burmese ကောက် (kauk, “bent, curved, crooked”). Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *gɔk (“be crooked, bent, lame”) (Schuessler, 2007).

mocking; ridiculing: From 曲線／曲线 (qūxiàn).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qū (qu¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄑㄩ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kuk¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiuk
Jin (Wiktionary): qyeh⁴
Min Bei (KCR): kṳ̆
Min Dong (BUC): ké̤ṳk / kuóh
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): khiok / khiak / khek / khak / khiau
(Teochew, Peng'im): kêg⁴ / kiog⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): qioq (T4); qyq (T4)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qū
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄩ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cyu
  - Wade–Giles: chʻü¹
  - Yale: chyū
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiu
  - Palladius: цюй (cjuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: kuk¹
  - Yale: kūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kuk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: kug¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰʊk̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiuk
  - Hakka Romanization System: kiug`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kiug⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯uk̚²/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: qyeh⁴
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰyəʔ²/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kṳ̆
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰy²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ké̤ṳk / kuóh
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰøyʔ²⁴/, /kʰuɔʔ²⁴/

Note:

ké̤ṳk - literary;
kuóh - vernacular.

Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiok
  - Tâi-lô: khiok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qiog
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰiɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiɔk̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiak
  - Tâi-lô: khiak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qiag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khek
  - Tâi-lô: khik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qeg
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khak
  - Tâi-lô: khak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qag
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰak̚³²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiau
  - Tâi-lô: khiau
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qiaw
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰiau⁴⁴/

Note:

khiok - literary;
khiak/khek/khak - vernacular;
khiau - 蹺 used in the Mainland.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kêg⁴ / kiog⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khek / khiok
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰek̚²/, /kʰiok̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: qioq (T4); qyq (T4)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ʊʔ⁵⁵/, /t͡ɕʰɥ̯ɪʔ⁵⁵/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 曲
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕʰy²¹³/ ～折 /t͡ɕʰy⁴⁴/ 大～
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕʰy²¹/ 彎～ /t͡ɕʰy¹³/ 歌～
	Jinan	/t͡ɕʰy²¹³/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕʰy²⁴/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕʰy²⁴/
	Xining	/t͡ɕʰy⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕʰy¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕʰy³¹/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕʰy⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕʰy²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕʰyo³¹/ /t͡ɕʰy³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕʰiu²¹/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕʰiu³¹/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕʰyʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕʰyəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕʰyʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕʰyɪʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/t͡ɕʰo²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕʰiuʔ²¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡ɕʰiu⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕʰiəu²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕʰiəɯ²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕʰiuʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/kʰiuk̚¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kʰok̚⁵/
	Nanning	/kʰuk̚⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/kʰuk̚⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kʰiɔk̚³²/ /kʰik̚³²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kʰœyʔ²³/ /kʰwoʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kʰy²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kʰek̚²/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/xok̚⁵/ ～調 /xiak̚⁵/

Middle Chinese: /kʰɨok̚/

Rime
Character	曲
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	鍾 (8)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	丘玉切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɨok̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰiok̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰiok̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰuawk̚/
Li Rong	/kʰiok̚/
Wang Li	/kʰĭwok̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰi̯wok̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ku
Expected Cantonese Reflex	huk¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kʰ(r)ok/
(Zhengzhang): /*kʰoɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	曲
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qū
Middle Chinese	‹ khjowk ›
Old Chinese	/*kʰ(r)ok/
English	to bend
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	曲
Reading #	1/1
No.	10578
Phonetic component	曲
Rime group	屋
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	曲
Old Chinese	/*kʰoɡ/

Definitions

曲

not straight; bent
1. twisting
2. curved
  曲線／曲线 ― qūxiàn ― curve
3. crooked
wrong; not right
(Hong Kong Cantonese, chiefly Internet slang) mocking; ridiculing
a surname
Used in names of rivers in Tibet and surrounding regions.

Compounds

Derived terms from 曲

三回九曲
九曲洞
乞留曲律
二次曲面
卷曲 (quánqū)
土中曲蟮
坊曲
委曲 (wěiqū)
委曲成全
委曲求全 (wěiqūqiúquán)
屈曲 (qūqū)
弓腰曲背
心曲 (xīnqū)
感人心曲
扭曲 (niǔqū)
扭曲作直
拗曲作直
拳曲 (quánqū)
文曲星 (wénqǔxīng)
是非曲直 (shìfēiqūzhí)
曲匝
曲士
曲媚取容
曲室
曲宴
曲射炮
曲尺 (qūchǐ)
曲局
曲庇
曲律
曲意 (qūyì)
曲意逢迎 (qūyìféngyíng)
曲房
曲折 (qūzhé)
曲拗
曲曲折折
曲柄笠
曲棍球 (qūgùnqiú)
曲水 (Qūshuǐ)
曲江 (Qūjiāng)
曲江宴
曲江池
曲流
曲率 (qūlǜ)
曲球
曲直 (qūzhí)
曲直分明
曲突徙薪 (qūtūxǐxīn)
曲肱而枕
曲背
曲致

曲薄
曲蟮 (qūshàn)
曲裾 (qūjū)
曲解 (qūjiě)
曲赦
曲躬躬
曲道
曲阜 (Qūfù)
曲阻
曲院 (qūyuàn)
曲靖 (Qūjìng)
曲面 (qūmiàn)
樛曲
款曲 (kuǎnqū)
武曲星
歪曲 (wāiqū)
水曲
汀曲
河曲智叟
海曲 (hǎiqū)
私曲 (sīqū)
薄曲
蜷曲 (quánqū)
蟠曲
衷曲 (zhōngqū)
褶曲
襟曲
西布曲明 (xībùqūmíng)
迂曲 (yūqū)
迂迂曲曲
邪曲
部曲 (bùqū)
鬈曲 (quánqū)
千里一曲
曲霉
不顧曲直／不顾曲直
二次曲線／二次曲线
保留曲線／保留曲线
圓錐曲線／圆锥曲线 (yuánzhuī qūxiàn)
學習曲線／学习曲线
審曲面勢／审曲面势
小廉曲謹／小廉曲谨
平面曲線／平面曲线
彎彎曲曲／弯弯曲曲
彎曲／弯曲 (wānqū)
捲曲／卷曲 (juǎnqū)
撓直為曲／挠直为曲
曲別針／曲别针 (qūbiézhēn)
曲園／曲园
曲學詖行／曲学诐行
曲學阿世／曲学阿世

曲徑／曲径
曲徑通幽／曲径通幽
曲從／曲从
曲心矯肚／曲心矫肚
曲折縈紆／曲折萦纡 (qūzhéyíngyū)
曲折離奇／曲折离奇 (qūzhélíqí)
曲撓／曲挠
曲曲彎彎／曲曲弯弯
曲欄／曲栏 (qūlán)
曲水流觴／曲水流觞
曲瓊／曲琼
曲盡人情／曲尽人情
曲盡其妙／曲尽其妙
曲禮／曲礼
曲筆／曲笔
曲線／曲线 (qūxiàn)
曲線板／曲线板
曲線美／曲线美 (qūxiànměi)
曲肱之樂／曲肱之乐
曲臺／曲台
曲蓋／曲盖
曲裡拐彎／曲里拐弯
曲裡拐彎兒／曲里拐弯儿
曲說／曲说 (qūshuō)
曲謹／曲谨
曲軸／曲轴 (qūzhóu)
曲辮子／曲辫子
曲隱／曲隐
曲頸甑／曲颈甑 (qūjǐngzèng)
曲體／曲体
流觴曲水／流觞曲水 (liúshāngqūshuǐ)
浮詞曲說／浮词曲说
盤旋曲折／盘旋曲折
盤曲／盘曲 (pánqū)
空間曲線／空间曲线
紆曲／纡曲
縱曲枉直／纵曲枉直
苟容曲從／苟容曲从
褶曲山脈／褶曲山脉
詰曲／诘曲
迂迴曲折／迂回曲折 (yūhuíqūzhé)
遠引曲喻／远引曲喻
鄉曲／乡曲 (xiāngqū)
鄉曲之譽／乡曲之誉
鄰曲／邻曲
阿意曲從／阿意曲从
雙曲線／双曲线 (shuāngqūxiàn)
離奇曲折／离奇曲折
靜脈曲張／静脉曲张 (jìngmài qūzhāng)
飲水曲肱／饮水曲肱
龐琴曲線／庞琴曲线

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): qǔ (qu³)
(Zhuyin): ㄑㄩˇ
(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): чү (čü, I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): kuk¹
Gan (Wiktionary): qiuh⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiuk
Min Dong (BUC): ké̤ṳk / kuóh
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): khiok / khiak / khek
(Teochew, Peng'im): kêg⁴ / kiog⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): qioq (T4); qyq (T4)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄩˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cyǔ
  - Wade–Giles: chʻü³
  - Yale: chyǔ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheu
  - Palladius: цюй (cjuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qǔr
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄩˇㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cyǔr
  - Wade–Giles: chʻürh³
  - Yale: chyǔr
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheuel
  - Palladius: цюйр (cjujr)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰyə̯ɻ²¹⁴/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: чү (čü, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰy²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: kuk¹
  - Yale: kūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kuk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: kug¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰʊk̚⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: qiuh⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰiuʔ⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiuk
  - Hakka Romanization System: kiug`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kiug⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯uk̚²/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ké̤ṳk / kuóh
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰøyʔ²⁴/, /kʰuɔʔ²⁴/

Note:

ké̤ṳk - literary;
kuóh - vernacular.

Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiok
  - Tâi-lô: khiok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qiog
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰiɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiɔk̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiak
  - Tâi-lô: khiak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qiag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khek
  - Tâi-lô: khik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qeg
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰiɪk̚³²/

Note:

khiok - literary;
khiak/khek - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kêg⁴ / kiog⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khek / khiok
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰek̚²/, /kʰiok̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: qioq (T4); qyq (T4)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ʊʔ⁵⁵/, /t͡ɕʰɥ̯ɪʔ⁵⁵/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 曲
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕʰy²¹³/ ～折 /t͡ɕʰy⁴⁴/ 大～
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕʰy²¹/ 彎～ /t͡ɕʰy¹³/ 歌～
	Jinan	/t͡ɕʰy²¹³/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕʰy²⁴/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕʰy²⁴/
	Xining	/t͡ɕʰy⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕʰy¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕʰy³¹/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕʰy⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕʰy²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕʰyo³¹/ /t͡ɕʰy³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕʰiu²¹/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕʰiu³¹/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕʰyʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕʰyəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕʰyʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕʰyɪʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/t͡ɕʰo²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕʰiuʔ²¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡ɕʰiu⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕʰiəu²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕʰiəɯ²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕʰiuʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/kʰiuk̚¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kʰok̚⁵/
	Nanning	/kʰuk̚⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/kʰuk̚⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kʰiɔk̚³²/ /kʰik̚³²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kʰœyʔ²³/ /kʰwoʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kʰy²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kʰek̚²/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/xok̚⁵/ ～調 /xiak̚⁵/

Middle Chinese: /kʰɨok̚/

Rime
Character	曲
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	鍾 (8)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	丘玉切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɨok̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰiok̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰiok̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰuawk̚/
Li Rong	/kʰiok̚/
Wang Li	/kʰĭwok̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰi̯wok̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ku
Expected Cantonese Reflex	huk¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kʰ(r)ok/
(Zhengzhang): /*kʰoɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	曲
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qū
Middle Chinese	‹ khjowk ›
Old Chinese	/*kʰ(r)ok/
English	to bend
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	曲
Reading #	1/1
No.	10578
Phonetic component	曲
Rime group	屋
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	曲
Old Chinese	/*kʰoɡ/

Definitions

曲

song
歌曲 ― gēqǔ ― song
曲調／曲调 ― qǔdiào ― melody
Synonyms: 歌曲 (gēqǔ), 歌 (gē)
Qu (poetry)
Synonym: 詞餘／词余 (cíyú)

Compounds

Derived terms from 曲

一曲
一曲千金
三部曲 (sānbùqǔ)
但曲
佛曲
作曲 (zuòqǔ)
俚曲 (lǐqǔ)
催眠曲 (cuīmiánqǔ)
元曲 (yuánqǔ)
冷板曲
前奏曲
副曲
北曲 (běiqǔ)
南曲 (nánqǔ)
名曲 (míngqǔ)
唱曲 (chàngqǔ)
塞上曲
塞下曲
夜曲 (yèqǔ)
大曲 (dàqǔ)
套曲
妙曲
安魂曲 (ānhúnqǔ)
小夜曲 (xiǎoyèqū)
小插曲
小曲 (xiǎoqǔ)
小步舞曲
岔曲 (chàqǔ)
州曲
幻想曲 (huànxiǎngqǔ)
序曲 (xùqǔ)
度曲
念曲叫曲
慢曲
拔山曲
插曲 (chāqǔ)
散曲 (sǎnqǔ)
敦煌曲子
文曲 (wénqǔ)
曲子 (qǔzi)
曲度
曲式 (qǔshì)
曲牌 (qǔpái)

曲目 (qǔmù)
曲笛 (qǔdí)
曲高和寡 (qǔgāohèguǎ)
月光曲
欸乃曲
歌曲 (gēqǔ)
法曲
流亡曲
流行歌曲 (liúxíng gēqǔ)
浪漫曲
牌子曲
狂想曲 (kuángxiǎngqǔ)
白雪曲
神曲 (shénqǔ)
自度曲
舞曲 (wǔqǔ)
衿曲
西曲
赴曲
道曲
酒曲
鼓子曲
一曲陽關／一曲阳关
主題曲／主题曲 (zhǔtíqǔ)
交響曲／交响曲 (jiāoxiǎngqǔ)
六十種曲／六十种曲
創意曲／创意曲
劇曲／剧曲
協奏曲／协奏曲 (xiézòuqǔ)
受難曲／受难曲 (shòunànqǔ)
同工異曲／同工异曲
周郎顧曲／周郎顾曲
圓舞曲／圆舞曲 (yuánwǔqǔ)
地方戲曲／地方戏曲
大協奏曲／大协奏曲
奏鳴曲／奏鸣曲 (zòumíngqǔ)
奏鳴曲式／奏鸣曲式 (zòumíngqǔshì)
崑曲／昆曲 (kūnqǔ)
彌撒曲／弥撒曲 (mísāqǔ)
戀曲／恋曲
戲曲／戏曲 (xìqǔ)
抗戰歌曲／抗战歌曲
拳不離手，曲不離口／拳不离手，曲不离口 (quánbùlíshǒu, qūbùlíkǒu)

採蓮曲／采莲曲
揚州清曲／扬州清曲
搖籃曲／摇篮曲 (yáolánqǔ)
敘事曲／叙事曲
曲壇／曲坛
曲學／曲学
曲終人散／曲终人散 (qǔzhōngrénsàn)
曲終奏雅／曲终奏雅
曲藝／曲艺 (qǔyì)
曲話／曲话
曲調／曲调 (qǔdiào)
曲譜／曲谱 (qǔpǔ)
樂曲／乐曲 (yuèqǔ)
民俗曲藝／民俗曲艺
民謠歌曲／民谣歌曲
波蘭舞曲／波兰舞曲
獨曲／独曲
異曲同工／异曲同工 (yìqǔtónggōng)
當曲河／当曲河
粵曲／粤曲 (yuèqǔ)
細曲／细曲
終曲／终曲
組曲／组曲 (zǔqū)
編曲／编曲 (biānqǔ)
練習曲／练习曲 (liànxíqǔ)
練聲曲／练声曲
藝術歌曲／艺术歌曲
螾廬曲談／螾庐曲谈
詞曲／词曲 (cíqǔ)
詼諧曲／诙谐曲
譜曲／谱曲 (pǔqǔ)
變奏曲／变奏曲 (biànzòuqǔ)
輪唱曲／轮唱曲
輪旋曲／轮旋曲
迴旋曲／回旋曲 (huíxuánqǔ)
進行曲／进行曲 (jìnxíngqǔ)
鄭衛之曲／郑卫之曲
長干曲／长干曲
間奏曲／间奏曲 (jiānzòuqǔ)
雨村曲話／雨村曲话
顧曲／顾曲
顧曲周郎／顾曲周郎
饒舌歌曲／饶舌歌曲

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 曲 – see 麴 (“yeast; alcoholic beverage; etc.”). (This character, 曲, is the simplified form of 麯, which is in turn a variant form of 麴.)
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

References

“曲”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

曲

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

song, melody, composition
bent, curve
to turn, to twist
crooked

Readings

Go-on: こく (koku)
Kan-on: きょく (kyoku, Jōyō)
Kun: まがる (magaru, 曲がる, Jōyō); まげる (mageru, 曲げる, Jōyō); くま (kuma, 曲); くせ (kuse, 曲)

Compounds

曲(きょっ)解(かい) (kyokkai)
曲(きょく)技(ぎ) (kyokugi)
曲(きょく)芸(げい) (kyokugei)
曲(きょく)射(しゃ) (kyokusha)
曲(きょく)折(せつ) (kyokusetsu)
曲(きょく)面(めん) (kyokumen)
曲(きょく)目(もく) (kyokumoku)
曲(きょく)論(ろん) (kyokuron)
曲(くせ)者(もの) (kusemono)
交(こう)声(せい)曲(きょく) (kōseikyoku): cantata
小(さ)夜(よ)曲(きょく) (sayokyoku), 小(しょう)夜(や)曲(きょく) (shōyakyoku): serenade
奏(そう)鳴(めい)曲(きょく) (sōmeikyoku): sonata
夜(や)曲(きょく) (yakyoku): serenade
練(れん)習(しゅう)曲(きょく) (renshūkyoku): etude

Kanji in this term
曲
きょく Grade: 3
on’yomi

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Kan’on

(Tokyo) きょく [kyòkú] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
(Tokyo) きょく [kyóꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
IPA^(key): [kʲo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

曲(きょく) • (kyoku)

a piece of music

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

曲 (eumhun 굽을 곡 (gubeul gok))

Hanja form^? of 곡 (“bent; twisted; curved”).
Hanja form^? of 곡 (“a piece of music; tune”).

Compounds

곡곡 (曲曲, gokgok, “a winding mountain or road, abbreviation of 坊坊曲曲, which means everywhere.”)
곡관 (曲管, gokgwan, “bent pipe or tube”)
곡론 (曲論, gongnon, “sophistry”)
곡률 (曲率, gongnyul, “curvature”)
곡마 (曲馬, gongma, “circus”)
곡면 (曲面, gongmyeon, “curved surface”)
곡명 (曲名, gongmyeong, “musical title”)
곡목 (曲目, gongmok, “musical items, titles”)
곡사 (曲射, goksa, “high-angle fire”)
곡선 (曲線, gokseon, “curve”)
곡예 (曲藝, gogye, “acrobatic artistry”)
곡자 (曲子, gokja, “leaven, malt”)
곡조 (曲調, gokjo, “tune, melody”)
곡절 (曲折, gokjeol, “underlying reasons for behavior”)
곡직 (曲直, gokjik, “right and/or wrong, good and/or bad”)
곡척 (曲尺, gokcheok, “steel square, carpenter's square”)
곡필 (曲筆, gokpil, “unfair authorship”)
곡학 (曲學, gokhak, “unfair scholarship”)
곡해 (曲解, gokhae, “misunderstanding, misinterpretation”)
곡필 (曲笔, gokpil, “to write in a cloak of reality”)
곡직 (曲直, gokjik, “right and wrong”)
곡방 (曲房, gokbang, “a secret room beyond the reach of one's eyes.”)
곡학 (曲学, gokhak, “lopsided narrow-minded press; a man of low learning and good knowledge”)
곡해 (曲解, gokhae, “to misinterpret objective facts or the original intentions of others”)
곡의 (曲意, gogui, “to bow down to a person”)
가곡 (歌曲, gagok, “song, aria, melody”)
작곡 (作曲, jakgok, “musical composition”)
방방곡곡 (坊坊曲曲, bangbanggokgok, “everywhere”)

Vietnamese

Han character

曲: Hán Việt readings: khúc (丘(khâu)六(lục)切(thiết))[1][2][3][4][5]
曲: Nôm readings: khúc[1][2][3][4][5][6]

chữ Hán form of khúc (“bent; curved”).
chữ Hán form of khúc (“piece; section; chunk; tune; song”).

Compounds

曲折 (khúc chiết)
歌曲 (ca khúc)
疉曲 (điệp khúc)
聯曲 (liên khúc)
曲棍球 (khúc côn cầu)
入家隨俗，入江隨曲 (nhập gia tùy tục, nhập giang tùy khúc/nhập gia tuỳ tục, nhập giang tuỳ khúc)

References

Nguyễn (2014).
Nguyễn et al. (2009).
Trần (2004).
Bonet (1899).
Génibrel (1898).
Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

[tdcndg-3] Nguyễn (2014).

[tdcntd-4] Nguyễn et al. (2009).

[gdhn-5] Trần (2004).

[bonet-6] Bonet (1899).

[genibrel-7] Génibrel (1898).

[taberd-8] Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).