曰く
Japanese
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
曰 |
いわ Hyōgaiji |
kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese.
The く (ku)-nominalization of the classical verb 言ふ (ifu), modern 言う (iu, “to say”).[1]
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) いわく [íꜜwàkù] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
- (Tokyo) いわく [ìwákú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- IPA(key): [iɰᵝa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]
Noun
曰く • (iwaku) ←いはく (ifaku)?
- (used adverbially) what a person or source says; according to
- カール・マルクス曰く「あらゆる社会の歴史は階級闘争の歴史である」だそうです。
- Kāru Marukusu iwaku “Arayuru shakai no rekishi wa kaikyū tōsō no rekishi de aru” da sō desu.
- Karl Marx says that "The history of society is the history of class struggles."
- Analects, kanbun kundoku
- 曾子曰く、吾、日に三たび吾が身を省みる。
- Sōshi iwaku, ware, hi ni mitabi waga mi o kaerimiru.
- Zengzi said: I reflect on myself thrice a day.
- 曾子曰く、吾、日に三たび吾が身を省みる。
- カール・マルクス曰く「あらゆる社会の歴史は階級闘争の歴史である」だそうです。
- a reason, story
- 1950, Ango Sakaguchi, Murder Case of the Baseball Pitcher:
- 曰くありですな。
- Iwaku ari desu na.
- There's a story behind it for sure.
- 曰くありですな。
- 1950, Ango Sakaguchi, Murder Case of the Baseball Pitcher:
Usage notes
Do not confuse the kanji 曰 (“say”) with 日 (“sun; day”).
Derived terms
- 曰く言い難し (iwaku iigatashi)
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
曰 |
のたまわ Hyōgaiji |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spellings |
---|
宣はく 曰はく |
The く (ku)-nominalization of the classical verb 宣ふ (notamafu → notamau, “to say”, archaic).[1]
Noun
曰く • (notamawaku) ←のたまはく (notamafaku)?
- (honorific, used adverbially) ...says
- 1596, Contemptus mundi[2]
- Von arujino notamauaqu: qui seqitur me, non ambulat in tenebris, sed babebit lumen vitæ. Ioan. 8. Vareuo xitǒ monoua yamigiuo yucazu: tada jumiǒ no ficariuo motçu bexi to nari.
- The Lord says: Qui seqitur me, non ambulat in tenebris, sed babebit lumen vitæ. (John 8[:12]) ‘Whoever follows me will never walk in darkness but will have the light of life.’
- 1596, Contemptus mundi[2]
References
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Bjarke Frellesvig (2010) A History of the Japanese Language, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 300
Old Japanese
Etymology
The く (ku)-nominalization of verb 言ふ (ipu, “to say”).[1]
Noun
曰く (ipaku) (kana いはく)
- (used adverbially) what a person or source says
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 4, poem 619)
- ...幼婦常 言雲知久 手小童之 哭耳泣管 俳徊 君之使乎 待八兼手六
- ...tawayame1 to2 ipaku mo siruku tawarapa no2 ne no2mi2 naki1tutu tamoto2pori ki1mi1 ga tukapi1 wo mati ya kanetemu
- ...as the type of (weak) woman spoken of as a tawayame (手弱女), I cry all the time like a child, wandering around and waiting for an envoy with a message from you.
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 4, poem 619)
Descendants
- Japanese: 曰く (iwaku)
References
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN