暈

See also: 晕

暈	U+6688, 暈 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6688

← 暇
[U+6687]

CJK Unified Ideographs

暉 →
[U+6689]

暈	U+F9C5, 暈 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9C5

← 龍
[U+F9C4]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

阮 →
[U+F9C6]

Translingual

Han character

暈 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 日月十十 (ABJJ) or X日月十十 (XABJJ), four-corner 6050₆, composition ⿱日軍)

Chinese

trad.		暈
simp.		晕
alternative forms		煇

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 暈
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (軍) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
揮	*qʰul
輝	*qʰul
翬	*qʰul
暉	*qʰul
煇	qʰul, ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ
楎	qʰul, ɡuːn
瀈	*qʰul
韗	qʰons, ɢuns
褌	*kuːn
鶤	kuːn, ɢuns
緷	kuːnʔ, ɡuːnʔ, *ɢuns
睴	kuːns, ɡuːnʔ
璭	*kuːns
瘒	*ŋɡuːn
顐	ŋɡuːn, ŋɡuːns, *ɡuːn
諢	*ŋɡuːns
餫	ɡuːn, ɢuns
渾	ɡuːn, ɡuːnʔ
琿	*ɡuːn
鼲	*ɡuːn
堚	*ɡuːn
鯶	*ɡuːnʔ
軍	*kun
皸	kun, kuns
齳	*ŋɡunʔ
喗	*ŋɡunʔ
葷	*qʰun
惲	*qunʔ
賱	*qunʔ
運	*ɢuns
暈	*ɢuns
鄆	*ɢuns

Originally a pictogram (象形) – the sun (日) surrounded by lines on all sides – halo.

Now phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢuns) : semantic 日 (“Sun”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun).

Etymology

Same word as 運 (OC *ɢuns, “to revolve; to move”) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more.

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yùn (yun⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄩㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wan⁶
Min Dong (BUC): uông
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): ūn / hūn / n̄g
(Teochew, Peng'im): ing⁷ / êng⁷

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yùn
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yùn
  - Wade–Giles: yün⁴
  - Yale: yùn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yunn
  - Palladius: юнь (junʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: wan⁶
  - Yale: wahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: wen⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐn²²/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: uông
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uɔŋ²⁴²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ūn
  - Tâi-lô: ūn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: un
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /un⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /un³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /un²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hūn
  - Tâi-lô: hūn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hun
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hun⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hun³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hun²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: n̄g
  - Tâi-lô: n̄g
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ŋ̍²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ŋ̍³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ŋ̍⁴¹/

Note:

ūn - literary;
hūn, n̄g - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ing⁷ / êng⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: īng / ēng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ¹¹/, /eŋ¹¹/

Middle Chinese: /ɦɨun^H/

Rime
Character	暈
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	王問切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɨun^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦiun^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuən^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦun^H/
Li Rong	/ɣiuən^H/
Wang Li	/ɣĭuən^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯uən^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yùn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wan⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɢuns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	暈
Reading #	1/1
No.	7342
Phonetic component	軍
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	運
Old Chinese	/*ɢuns/
Notes	見史記

Definitions

暈

(astronomy) halo (around the Sun or the Moon)
日暈／日晕 ― rìyùn ― solar halo
a ring of light or colour, or a blurred area surrounding a luminous or coloured object; halo around a light or colour
blush; slight redness
^† ring-shaped pattern
^† bull's eye
to spread; to proliferate; to seep through
^† to apply (colour, especially makeup)

Compounds

光暈／光晕 (guāngyùn)
墨暈／墨晕
山暈／山晕
微暈／微晕
日暈／日晕 (rìyùn)

暈珥／晕珥
月暈／月晕 (yuèyùn)
月暈效應／月晕效应
月暈而風／月晕而风
環暈／环晕

眼暈／眼晕
紅暈／红晕
血暈／血晕 (xuèyùn)
酒暈／酒晕

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): yùn, yūn
(Zhuyin): ㄩㄣˋ, ㄩㄣ
(Chengdu, SP): yun¹
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): wan⁴
(Taishan, Wiktionary): vun³
Gan (Wiktionary): yn⁵
Jin (Wiktionary): yng¹
Min Nan (Teochew, Peng'im): ing⁷ / êng⁷

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yùn
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yùn
  - Wade–Giles: yün⁴
  - Yale: yùn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yunn
  - Palladius: юнь (junʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yn⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; variant in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yūn
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yun
  - Wade–Giles: yün¹
  - Yale: yūn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iun
  - Palladius: юнь (junʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yn⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: yun¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: wen
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yn⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: wan⁴
  - Yale: wàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐn²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: vun³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /vun²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: yn⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yn¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: yng¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ỹŋ¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ing⁷ / êng⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: īng / ēng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ¹¹/, /eŋ¹¹/

Middle Chinese: /ɦɨun^H/

Rime
Character	暈
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	王問切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɨun^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦiun^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuən^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦun^H/
Li Rong	/ɣiuən^H/
Wang Li	/ɣĭuən^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯uən^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yùn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wan⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɢuns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	暈
Reading #	1/1
No.	7342
Phonetic component	軍
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	運
Old Chinese	/*ɢuns/
Notes	見史記

Definitions

暈

to make one feel dizzy; to feel the head spinning; to have vertigo

Compounds

倒暈妝／倒晕妆
暈機／晕机 (yùnjī)
暈池／晕池
暈臺／晕台

暈船／晕船 (yùnchuán)
暈車／晕车 (yùnchē)
暈針／晕针 (yūnzhēn)
暈高兒／晕高儿

檀暈妝／檀晕妆
眩暈／眩晕 (xuànyùn)
血暈／血晕 (xuèyùn)
頭昏眼暈／头昏眼晕

Pronunciation 3

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): yūn (yun¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄩㄣ
(Chengdu, SP): yun¹
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): wan⁴
(Taishan, Wiktionary): vun³
Gan (Wiktionary): yn¹
Jin (Wiktionary): yng¹
Min Bei (KCR): ē̤ng
Min Dong (BUC): hùng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): ūn / hūn / n̄g
(Teochew, Peng'im): hung¹
Xiang (Wiktionary): yn¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yūn
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yun
  - Wade–Giles: yün¹
  - Yale: yūn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iun
  - Palladius: юнь (junʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yn⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: yun¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: wen
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yn⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: wan⁴
  - Yale: wàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐn²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: vun³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /vun²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: yn¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yn⁴²/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: yng¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ỹŋ¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ē̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /œyŋ⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hùng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huŋ⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ūn
  - Tâi-lô: ūn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: un
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /un⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /un³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /un²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hūn
  - Tâi-lô: hūn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hun
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hun⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hun³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hun²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: n̄g
  - Tâi-lô: n̄g
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ŋ̍²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ŋ̍³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ŋ̍⁴¹/

Note:

ūn - literary;
hūn, n̄g - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hung¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hung
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huŋ³³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: yn¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yn³³/

Definitions

暈

dizzy; giddy; lightheaded
to faint; to pass out; to black out; to swoon
暈咗幾分鐘／晕咗几分钟 [Cantonese] ― wan⁴ zo² gei² fan¹ zung¹ [Jyutping] ― fainted for several minutes
(neologism, slang) to be overwhelmed (by something) and on the verge of passing out
我暈！／我晕！ ― Wǒ yūn! ― Oh my! [lit. I('m about to) faint.]
(Sichuanese) to savour; to enjoy slowly and thoroughly

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 暈 (“dizzy; giddy”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		暈
Mandarin	Taiwan	暈
Mandarin	Singapore	暈
Cantonese	Hong Kong	暈
Cantonese	Singapore (Guangfu)	暈
Min Nan	Xiamen	眩
	Quanzhou	眩
	Zhangzhou	眩
	Tainan	眩, 楞
	Penang (Hokkien)	眩
	Singapore (Hokkien)	眩, 楞
	Raoping	眩
	Jieyang	眩, 愩
	Singapore (Teochew)	眩
	Wenchang	眩
	Singapore (Hainanese)	眩

Compounds

昏頭暈腦／昏头晕脑
暈倒／晕倒 (yūndǎo)
暈厥／晕厥 (yūnjué)
暈眩／晕眩 (yūnxuàn)
暈頭／晕头

暈頭轉向／晕头转向
檀暈妝／檀晕妆
發暈／发晕 (fāyūn)
頭暈／头晕 (tóuyūn)

頭暈目眩／头晕目眩
頭暈眼昏／头晕眼昏
頭暈眼花／头晕眼花
頭暈眼黑／头晕眼黑

References

“暈”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

暈

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

blur, haze
mental haze or senility
intentional blurring or gradation

Readings

Go-on: うん (un)
Kan-on: うん (un)
Kun: かさ (kasa, 暈); めまい (memai, 暈); ぼかす (bokasu, 暈す); ぼかし (bokashi, 暈し); かさむ (kasamu, 暈む)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
暈
かさ Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かさ [káꜜsà] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
IPA^(key): [ka̠sa̠]

Noun

暈(かさ) • (kasa)

halo (atmospheric phenomenon)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
暈
うん Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 暈 (MC ɦɨun^H).

Pronunciation

On’yomi

(Tokyo) うん [úꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
IPA^(key): [ɯ̟̃ᵝɴ]

Noun

暈(うん) • (un)

halo (atmospheric phenomenon)

Affix

暈(うん) • (un)

halo (atmospheric phenomenon)
dizzy; giddy

References

1960, Tetsuo Hirayama (平山輝男, editor), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”), (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

暈 (eumhun 무리 훈 (muri hun))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Hanja

暈 (eumhun 어지러울 운 (eojireoul un))

Hanja form^? of 운 (“halo”).

References

Naver Hanja Dictionary: 暈

Vietnamese

Han character

暈: Hán Việt readings: vựng[1][2][3], vận (王(vương)問(vấn)切(thiết))[4], quầng[4]
暈: Nôm readings: vầng[1][2][3][5][4][6][7], vừng[1][2][3][4][6][7], quầng[3][5][4][6][7], vựng[1][4][5]

Nôm form of vầng, vừng (“ring; circle”).
Nôm form of quầng (“halo in the sky”).

References

Nguyễn (2014).
Nguyễn et al. (2009).
Trần (2004).
Bonet (1899).
Hồ (1976).
Génibrel (1898).
Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

[ZAJ-1] 1960, Tetsuo Hirayama (平山輝男, editor), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”), (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN

[DJR-2] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[tdcndg-3] Nguyễn (2014).

[tdcntd-4] Nguyễn et al. (2009).

[gdhn-5] Trần (2004).

[bonet-6] Bonet (1899).

[btcn-7] Hồ (1976).

[genibrel-8] Génibrel (1898).

[taberd-9] Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

暈

Translingual

Han character

Further reading

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

Compounds

Pronunciation 3

Definitions

Synonyms

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Affix

References

Korean

Hanja

Hanja

References

Vietnamese

Han character

References