春

春

See also: 萅 and 舂

春 U+6625, 春 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6625 ← 昤 [U+6624] CJK Unified Ideographs 昦 → [U+6626]

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order

Alternative forms

There are minor differences in where the last stroke of the top component (top-left to bottom-right diagonal) starts – on the second horizontal stroke or on the third.

Han character

春 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 手大日 (QKA), four-corner 5060₃, composition ⿱𡗗日)

Usage notes

• This character is not to be confused with 舂 (U+8202) which is visually similar but unrelated.

Derived characters

• 偆, 㖺, 堾, 媋, 𢝣, 湷, 𬌸, 𬯌, 暙, 䐏, 椿, 瑃, 𨕌, 㿤, 睶, 𬓉, 𮄵, 蝽, 賰(䞐), 踳, 𨩃, 䮞(𩨁), 鰆(䲠), 𪂹, 𠝩, 萶, 箺, 䦮, 𩄄, 鬊, 惷, 𣕮, 𭾇, 𪃣, 蠢, 𩯥

References

• KangXi: page 493, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13844
• Dae Jaweon: page 856, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1496, character 10
• Unihan data for U+6625

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Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 春
Shang	Spring and Autumn	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (屯) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
躉	*tuːnʔ
窀	*rduːn, *duːn, *tun
沌	*donʔ, *duːn, *duːnʔ
盹	*tuːnʔ, *tjuns
頓	*tuːns
扽	*tuːns
黗	*tʰuːn, *tʰuːnʔ
吨	*tʰuːnʔ
屯	*duːn, *tun
飩	*duːn
豘	*duːn
軘	*duːn
坉	*duːn
邨	*duːn, *stʰuːn
忳	*duːn
芚	*duːn
庉	*duːn, *duːnʔ
囤	*duːnʔ
迍	*tun
杶	*tʰun
瑃	*tʰun
椿	*tʰun
偆	*tʰunʔ, *tʰjunʔ
肫	*tjun
訰	*tjun, *tjuns
純	*tjunʔ, *djun
春	*tʰjun
蠢	*tʰjunʔ
踳	*tʰjunʔ
惷	*tʰjunʔ
蒓	*djun
賰	*hljunʔ
鬊	*hljuns

Originally phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tʰjun) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 屯 (OC *duːn, *tun, “sprout”) + semantic 日 (“sun”). Later 艸 and 屯 merged into 𡗗.

The character 春 itself is probably a variant of 屯 (OC *duːn, *tun) as they are equivalent for the meaning “spring” in Old Chinese literature.

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		春
alternative forms		萅 旾 㫩 𣈤

Related to 芚 (OC *duːn, “(of plants) to begin to grow”) (Schuessler, 2007). Also compare Khmer ដុះ (doh, “to grow; to germinate; to sprout”), as well as 穿 (OC *kʰljon, *kʰljons, “to bore through”) (ibid.).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): chūn (chun¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄣ

  (Chengdu, SP): cun¹

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): чун (čun, I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): ceon¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): cun¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): cun¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhûn

  (Meixian, Guangdong): cun¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): cung¹
• Min Bei (KCR): ché̤ng
• Min Dong (BUC): chŭng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhun

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cung¹

• Wu (Wiktionary): tshen (T1)
• Xiang (Wiktionary): qyn¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chūn
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chun
    • Wade–Giles: chʻun¹
    • Yale: chwūn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuen
    • Palladius: чунь (čunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰwən⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: cun¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: cun
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuən⁵⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: чун (čun, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ceon¹
    • Yale: chēun
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoen¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cên¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃʰɵn⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: cun¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰun³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: cun¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰun⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhûn
    • Hakka Romanization System: cun´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cun¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰun²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: cun¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: cung¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰũŋ¹¹/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ché̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰœyŋ⁵⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chŭng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhun
    • Tâi-lô: tshun
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhwn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰun³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: cung¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshung
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuŋ³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: tshen (T1)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰəɲ⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: qyn¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰyn³³/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 春
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂʰuən⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ʈ͡ʂʰuən⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/ʈ͡ʂʰuən²¹/ /t͡sʰuən²¹/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂʰuẽ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ʈ͡ʂʰuə̃²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂʰuən²⁴/
	Xi'an	/p͡fʰẽ²¹/
	Xining	/ʈ͡ʂʰuə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/p͡fʰə̃n³¹/
	Ürümqi	/ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕʰyn⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡sʰuən⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/t͡sʰuen⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/ʈ͡ʂʰuə̃⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/ʈ͡ʂʰun³¹/
	Hefei	/ʈ͡ʂʰuən²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡sʰuəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡sʰuŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡sʰũŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡sʰəŋ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/t͡sʰən⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡sʰz̩ʷen³³/
	Wenzhou	/t͡ɕʰoŋ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕʰyʌ̃³¹/
	Tunxi	/t͡ɕʰyan¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕʰyn³³/
	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕʰyn³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡sʰun⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/tʃʰun²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sʰøn⁵³/
	Nanning	/t͡sʰɐn⁵⁵/ /t͡sʰyn⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sʰøn⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/t͡sʰun⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/t͡sʰuŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/t͡sʰœyŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/t͡sʰuŋ³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/sun²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕʰiuɪn/

Rime
Character	春
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	昌 (24)
Final (韻)	諄 (47)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	昌脣切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕʰiuɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕʰʷin/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕʰjuen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cʰwin/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕʰiuĕn/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕʰĭuĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕʰi̯uĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chūn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ceon1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tʰun/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tʰjun/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	春
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chūn
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyhwin ›
Old Chinese	/*tʰun/
English	springtime
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	春
Reading #	1/1
No.	12573
Phonetic component	屯
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	春
Old Chinese	/*tʰjun/
Notes	說文從艸從日屯聲， 實屯繁化轉註字

Definitions

春

1. spring (season)

   春天  ―  chūntiān  ―  spring

   四季如春  ―  sìjìrúchūn  ―  to experience a moderate and pleasant climate throughout the year

   • 暫伴月將影，行樂須及春。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     暂伴月将影，行乐须及春。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 8th century, Li Bai, 月下獨酌

     Zàn bàn yuè jiāng yǐng, xínglè xū jí chūn. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this example)

2. (literary) year; age

   • 妾身守空閨，良人行從軍。自期三年歸，今已歷九春。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     妾身守空闺，良人行从军。自期三年归，今已历九春。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 3rd century, Cao Zhi, 雜詩·西北有織婦

     Qièshēn shǒu kōngguī, liángrén xíng cóngjūn. Zì qī sān nián guī, jīn yǐ lì jiǔ chūn. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this example)

3. spring scenery
4. vitality; liveliness; energy; life

   妙手回春  ―  miàoshǒuhuíchūn  ―  to effect a miraculous cure and bring the dying back to life

5. love; lust

   春情  ―  chūnqíng  ―  amorous feelings

   思春期  ―  sīchūnqī  ―  puberty

   • 有女懷春，吉士誘之。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     有女怀春，吉士诱之。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Yǒu nǚ huái chūn, jíshì yòu zhī. [Pinyin]

     There is a young lady with thoughts natural to the spring,
     And a fine gentleman would lead her astray.

6. a type of alcoholic drink which is fermented from spring to winter

See also

Seasons in Chinese · 四季 (sìjì, “four seasons”) (layout · text) · category
春 (chūn, “spring”)	夏 (xià, “summer”)	秋 (qiū, “fall; autumn”)	冬 (dōng, “winter”)

Compounds

Derived terms from 春

一枝春 三春 (sānchūn) 三春柳 九春 仲春 偷春 八月春 初春 (chūchūn) 北京之春 咬春 四季如春 (sìjìrúchūn) 回春 (huíchūn) 回春作用 夜春 大地回春 (dàdìhuíchūn) 大春 大春元 妙手回春 (miàoshǒuhuíchūn) 子春之疾 孟春 季春 (jìchūn) 宜春 (Yíchūn) 宜春帖 富春秋 小春 (xiǎochūn) 左氏春秋 常春藤 (chángchūnténg) 常遇春 手到回春 打春 (Dǎchūn) 拜春 探春 探春之宴 摸春牛 放春 新春 (xīnchūn) 早春 (zǎochūn) 春上 (chūnshang) 春不老 春事 春令 (chūnlìng) 春作 春信 春假 (chūnjià) 春光 (chūnguāng) 春光如海 春光明媚 (chūnguāngmíngmèi) 春光融融 春冰 (chūnbīng) 春凳 春分 (Chūnfēn) 春化 (chūnhuà) 春化作用 春和景明 (chūnhéjǐngmíng) 春回大地 (chūnhuídàdì) 春困 春困秋乏 春天 (chūntiān) 春季 (chūnjì) 春官 春宵 春宵苦短 春寒 春寒料峭 春山 (chūnshān) 春山八字 春山如笑 春心 (chūnxīn) 春忙 春思 春情 春意 (chūnyì) 春播 (chūnbō) 春方 (chūnfāng) 春旛 春日 (chūnrì) 春旱 春明 春景 (chūnjǐng) 春暖花香 春月 (chūnyuè) 春服 (chūnfú) 春望 春林 春榜 春水 (chūnshuǐ) 春汛 春消息 春深似海 春游 春潮 春灌 春牛 春申君 春申江 (Chūnshēnjiāng) 春瘟 春盛食罍 春社 (chūnshè) 春祭 (chūnjì) 春禊 春秋 (chūnqiū) 春秋五霸 春秋日高 春秋榜 春秋繁露 春秋衫 春秋配 春秋鼎盛 (chūnqiūdǐngshèng) 春耕 (chūngēng) 春肥 春色 (chūnsè)

春花 春花作物 春花秋月 (chūnhuāqiūyuè) 春芳 春茶 (chūnchá) 春草 (chūncǎo) 春荒 春菇 春蒐 春蚓秋蛇 春酒 春院 春陵 (Chūnlíng) 春雨 (chūnyǔ) 春雷 春霖 春露秋霜 晏子春秋 (Yànzǐ Chūnqiū) 暮春 (Mùchūn) 杏林春暖 枯木逢春 枯枝再春 永春 (Yǒngchūn) 洪春 (Hóngchūn) 漏春和尚 熙春 (xīchūn) 玉堂春 留春 眉似春山 眉蹙春山 碧螺春 (bìluóchūn) 立春 (Lìchūn) 第二春 (dì'èrchūn) 芳春 莫春 著手回春 著手成春 虎尾春冰 行春 走春 迎春 (yíngchūn) 迎春花 (yíngchūnhuā) 青春 (qīngchūn) 青春期 (qīngchūnqī) 青春痘 (qīngchūndòu) 面若春花 鞭春 黍谷生春 春光漏泄 一場春夢／一场春梦 三春暉／三春晖 (sānchūnhuī) 不勝春／不胜春 中國之春／中国之春 付之春夢／付之春梦 做春夢／做春梦 偷春體／偷春体 兩頭春／两头春 剪春羅／剪春罗 化雨春風／化雨春风 (huàyǔchūnfēng) 口角春風／口角春风 吳越春秋／吴越春秋 呂氏春秋／吕氏春秋 (Lǚshìchūnqiū) 回復青春／回复青春 坐春風／坐春风 如坐春風／如坐春风 如沐春風／如沐春风 (rúmùchūnfēng) 嬌若春花／娇若春花 宜春縣／宜春县 寒木春華／寒木春华 寸草春暉／寸草春晖 小陽春／小阳春 幾度春風／几度春风 恆春半島／恒春半岛 (Héngchūn Bàndǎo) 恆春鎮／恒春镇 悲秋傷春／悲秋伤春 憐春／怜春 懷春／怀春 (huáichūn) 戰地春夢／战地春梦 揮春／挥春 春丕峽／春丕峡 春事闌珊／春事阑珊 春來秋去／春来秋去 春元演習／春元演习 春分點／春分点 春勝／春胜 春化處理／春化处理 春去秋來／春去秋来 春夢／春梦 (chūnmèng) 春夢一場／春梦一场 春夢婆／春梦婆 春夢無痕／春梦无痕 春大麥／春大麦 春宮／春宫 (chūngōng) 春宮圖／春宫图 (chūngōngtú) 春小麥／春小麦 春心蕩漾／春心荡漾 春心飛絮／春心飞絮 春意闌珊／春意阑珊 (chūnyìlánshān) 春捂秋凍／春捂秋冻 春捲／春卷 (chūnjuǎn) 春捲兒／春卷儿 (chūnjuǎnr) 春捲皮／春卷皮 春日遲遲／春日迟迟 春暉／春晖 (chūnhuī) 春暖花開／春暖花开 (chūn nuǎn huā kāi) 春曉／春晓 (chūnxiǎo) 春書／春书 春條兒／春条儿 春榮／春荣 春樹暮雲／春树暮云 春歸／春归

春歸人老／春归人老 春氣／春气 春滿人間／春满人间 春牛圖／春牛图 春生秋殺／春生秋杀 春畫／春画 (chūnhuà) 春畫兒／春画儿 春盛擔子／春盛担子 (chūnshèng dànzi) 春盤／春盘 春祈秋報／春祈秋报 春秋三傳／春秋三传 (Chūnqiū Sānzhuàn) 春秋兒／春秋儿 春秋大夢／春秋大梦 (chūnqiūdàmèng) 春秋幾何／春秋几何 春秋筆削／春秋笔削 春秋筆法／春秋笔法 ( Chūnqiū bǐfǎ) 春種／春种 春筍／春笋 春筍怒發／春笋怒发 春節／春节 (chūnjié) 春紅／春红 春綢／春绸 春纖／春纤 春聯／春联 (chūnlián) 春聯兒／春联儿 春臺／春台 春興／春兴 春色惱人／春色恼人 春色滿園／春色满园 春菜絲兒／春菜丝儿 春華／春华 春華秋實／春华秋实 春蔥／春葱 春藥／春药 (chūnyào) 春蘭／春兰 (chūnlán) 春蘭秋菊／春兰秋菊 春蠶／春蚕 (chūncán) 春裝／春装 春試／春试 春誦夏絃／春诵夏弦 春賽／春赛 春遊／春游 (chūnyóu) 春運／春运 (chūnyùn) 春閨／春闺 春闈／春闱 春風／春风 (chūnfēng) 春風一度／春风一度 春風化雨／春风化雨 (chūnfēnghuàyǔ) 春風和氣／春风和气 春風夏雨／春风夏雨 春風得意／春风得意 春風滿面／春风满面 春風藹吉／春风蔼吉 春風雨露／春风雨露 春風面／春风面 春風風人／春风风人 春餅／春饼 (chūnbǐng) 春香鬧學／春香闹学 春鶯／春莺 春麥／春麦 時雨春風／时雨春风 暮雲春樹／暮云春树 有女懷春／有女怀春 有腳陽春／有脚阳春 楚漢春秋／楚汉春秋 殘春／残春 沐浴春風／沐浴春风 滿春／满春 (Mǎnchūn) 滿袖春風／满袖春风 滿面春生／满面春生 滿面春風／满面春风 (mǎnmiànchūnfēng) 滿面生春／满面生春 漏洩春光／漏泄春光 燒春／烧春 玉樓春／玉楼春 琿春／珲春 (Húnchūn, “Hunchun”) 琿春河／珲春河 琿春縣／珲春县 甕頭春／瓮头春 發春／发春 (fāchūn) 白雪陽春／白雪阳春 皮裡春秋／皮里春秋 碧蘿春／碧萝春 秋月春風／秋月春风 紅春／红春 (Hóngchūn) 繡閣長春／绣阁长春 花塢春曉／花坞春晓 萬古長春／万古长春 蔣春霖／蒋春霖 藥到回春／药到回春 蘄春／蕲春 (Qíchūn) 買春／买春 (mǎichūn) 賣春／卖春 (màichūn) 遞春／递春 鄂倫春族／鄂伦春族 (Èlúnchūnzú) 鍾離春／钟离春 長春／长春 (Chángchūn) 長春市／长春市 長春花／长春花 (chángchūnhuā) 開春／开春 (kāichūn) 陽春／阳春 (yángchūn) 陽春有腳／阳春有脚 陽春白雪／阳春白雪 (yángchūnbáixuě) 陽春麵／阳春面 (yángchūnmiàn) 陽臺春夢／阳台春梦 雨後春筍／雨后春笋 (yǔhòuchūnsǔn) 青春永駐／青春永驻 麗春園／丽春园 麗春花／丽春花 龜鶴同春／龟鹤同春

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (春):

• → Japanese: 春(しゅん) (shun)
• → Korean: 춘(春) (chun)
• → Vietnamese: xuân (春)

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		春
alternative forms		膥

Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d(w)əj (“egg; testicle”) (Baxter and Sagart, 2014).

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ceon¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhûn

  (Meixian, Guangdong): cun¹

• Min Nan (Teochew, Peng'im): cung¹

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ceon¹
    • Yale: chēun
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoen¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cên¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃʰɵn⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhûn
    • Hakka Romanization System: cun´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cun¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰun²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: cun¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: cung¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshung
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuŋ³³/

Definitions

春

1. (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) egg; roe

   水蛇春咁長／水蛇春咁长 [Cantonese]  ―  seoi² se⁴ ceon¹ gam³ coeng⁴ [Jyutping]  ―  extremely long or lengthy (literally, “as long as a chain of water snake eggs”)

2. (Cantonese, vulgar) testicle
3. (Cantonese, vulgar) goddamn, the hell

   你搞乜春呀？ [Cantonese]  ―  nei⁵ gaau² mat¹ ceon¹ aa³? [Jyutping]  ―  What the fuck are you doing?

4. (Cantonese, vulgar, always with the classifier) nothing; damn all; jack shit; bugger all (Classifier: 條／条 c)

   Synonyms: 毛, 鐵

   你識條春咩？／你识条春咩？ [Cantonese]  ―  nei⁵ sik¹ tiu⁴ ceon¹ me¹? [Jyutping]  ―  What the hell do you know?

5. (Cantonese, vulgar) negates the meaning of the sentence

   關你春事！／关你春事！ [Cantonese]  ―  gwaan¹ nei⁵ ceon¹ si⁶! [Jyutping]  ―  None of your damn business!

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 蛋 (“egg (of a bird or reptile)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		卵
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		蛋, 卵
Mandarin	Beijing	蛋, 子兒
	Taiwan	蛋
	Jinan	蛋
	Wanrong	蛋
	Wuhan	蛋
	Chengdu	蛋
	Guiyang	蛋
	Guilin	蛋
	Xuzhou	蛋
	Yangzhou	蛋
	Hefei	蛋
	Malaysia	蛋
	Singapore	蛋
Cantonese	Guangzhou	蛋, 春
	Hong Kong	蛋, 春
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	春
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	春
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	春
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	春
	Macau	蛋, 春
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	春, 蛋
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	蛋
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	春
	Foshan	春, 蛋
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	春
	Foshan (Shunde)	春
	Foshan (Sanshui)	春
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	春
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	春
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	春
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	春
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	蛋
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	蛋
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	蛋
	Taishan	蛋
	Kaiping (Chikan)	蛋
	Enping (Niujiang)	蛋
	Heshan (Yayao)	蛋
	Dongguan	春
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	春
	Yangjiang	蛋, 春
	Nanning	蛋
	Wuzhou	蛋
	Yulin	蛋
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	蛋
	Beihai	蛋
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	蛋
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	蛋
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	蛋
	Sanya (Yanglan Maihua)	子
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	蛋
	Singapore (Guangfu)	蛋
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	蛋
	Móng Cái	蛋
Gan	Nanchang	蛋
Hakka	Meixian	卵, 春, 蛋
	Xingning	春
	Dabu (Xihe)	春
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	春
	Huiyang	春
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	春
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	春
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	春
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	春
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	春
	Wuhua (Changbu)	春
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	春
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	春
	Wengyuan	春
	Liannan	春
	Conghua (Lütian)	春
	Jiexi	卵
	Luhe	卵
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	卵
	Changting	蛋
	Wuping	蛋
	Wuping (Yanqian)	蛋
	Liancheng	卵
	Ninghua	蛋
	Tonggu (Sandu)	蛋
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	蛋
	Dayu	蛋
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	卵, 春
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	卵, 春
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	卵, 春
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	卵, 春
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	卵, 春
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	卵
	Hong Kong	春, 蛋
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	春
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	春
	Xinyi (Sihe)	春
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	蛋
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	春
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	蛋
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	蛋
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	蛋
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	蛋
	Mengshan (Xihe)	春
	Luchuan	蛋
	Sabah (Longchuan)	春
	Kuala Lumpur (Dabu)	春
	Senai (Huiyang)	春
	Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)	春
	Singkawang	春
Jin	Taiyuan	蛋
Min Bei	Jian'ou	卵
	Songxi	卵
	Zhenghe	卵
	Jianyang	卵
	Wuyishan	卵
Min Dong	Fuzhou	卵
	Changle	卵
	Lianjiang	卵
	Fuqing	卵
	Pingtan	卵
	Yongtai	卵
	Minqing	卵
	Gutian	卵
	Pingnan	卵
	Luoyuan	卵
	Fu'an	卵
	Ningde	卵
	Xiapu	卵
	Zherong	卵
	Shouning	卵
	Zhouning	卵
	Fuding	卵
	Matsu	卵
Min Nan	Xiamen	卵
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	卵
	Quanzhou	卵
	Jinjiang	卵
	Nan'an	卵
	Shishi	卵
	Hui'an	卵
	Anxi	卵
	Yongchun	卵
	Dehua	卵
	Zhangzhou	卵
	Zhangzhou (Longhai)	卵
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	卵
	Hua'an	卵
	Nanjing	卵
	Pinghe	卵
	Zhangpu	卵
	Yunxiao	卵
	Zhao'an	卵
	Dongshan	卵
	Taipei	卵
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	卵
	Kaohsiung	卵
	Yilan	卵
	Changhua (Lukang)	卵
	Taichung	卵
	Taichung (Wuqi)	卵
	Tainan	卵
	Taitung	卵
	Hsinchu	卵
	Kinmen	卵
	Penghu (Magong)	卵
	Penang (Hokkien)	卵
	Singapore (Hokkien)	卵
	Manila (Hokkien)	卵
	Longyan	卵
	Zhangping	卵
	Datian	卵
	Chaozhou	卵
	Shantou	卵
	Shantou (Chenghai)	卵
	Jieyang	卵
	Haifeng	卵
	Bangkok (Teochew)	卵
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	卵
	Singapore (Teochew)	卵
	Leizhou	卵
	Wenchang	卵
	Haikou	卵
	Singapore (Hainanese)	卵
Puxian Min	Putian	卵
	Xianyou	卵
Min Zhong	Yong'an	卵
	Sanyuan	卵
	Shaxian	卵
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	春
Wu	Shanghai (Chongming)	蛋
	Suzhou	蛋
	Danyang	蛋
	Ningbo	蛋
	Wenzhou	卵
	Jinhua	卵
Xiang	Changsha	蛋
	Shuangfeng	蛋

Dialectal synonyms of 睪丸 (“testicle”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		外腎, 腎
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		睪丸, 精巢
Mandarin	Beijing	卵子兒, 卵包子, 小蛋兒
	Taiwan	蛋蛋
	Harbin	卵子兒
	Jinan	球蛋
	Luoyang	蛋子兒, 蛋
	Wanrong	子
	Xi'an	蛋子兒
	Yinchuan	卵子
	Lanzhou	脬子兒, 腎
	Ürümqi	脬卵子, 卵子
	Wuhan	卵子, 卵蛋, 卵坨
	Chengdu	卵, 卵蛋, 蛋蛋, 卵子, 敲敲兒
	Guiyang	卵蛋
	Liuzhou	卵考子, 考子
	Yangzhou	卵蛋, 卵子子
	Nanjing	卵子
	Singapore	球
Cantonese	Guangzhou	春子
	Hong Kong	春, 春子, 春核, 波子
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	核
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	核春
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	核仁
	Kaiping (Chikan)	春牯
	Dongguan	春核
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	卵子
	Hepu (Shatian)	卵脬仁
	Guiping	核子
	Guiping (Mule)	𨳍卵
	Pingnan	核卵
	Guigang (Gangcheng)	核仔
	Guigang (Pingdong)	核仁
	Beihai	卵仁
	Beihai (Nankang)	卵仁
	Beihai (Yingpan)	卵仁
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	卵仁
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	卵核
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	卵核
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	春仔
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	卵
	Móng Cái	卵核
Gan	Lichuan	順子
	Pingxiang	卵坨子
Hakka	Meixian	核卵
	Dabu (Xihe)	核卵仁
	Zengcheng (Zhengguo)	核卵
	Zhongshan (Wuguishan)	核卵
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	核卵
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	核卵
	Wuhua (Changbu)	核卵
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	核卵
	Jiexi	核卵
	Changting	卵子
	Yongding	核卵
	Yongding (Xiayang)	核卵仁
	Yongding (Gaobei)	核卵
	Yongding (Hukeng)	核卵
	Wuping (Zhongshan)	核卵
	Liancheng (Peitian)	卵子
	Liancheng (Juxi)	核卵
	Liancheng (Zhongbao)	核卵
	Liancheng (Laiyuan)	核卵
	Yudu	卵子
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	核卵
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	核卵
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	核卵
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	核卵
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	核卵
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	核卵
	Hong Kong	核卵
	Sabah (Longchuan)	核卵
	Kuala Lumpur (Dabu)	核卵仁
	Senai (Huiyang)	核
	Singkawang	核卵
	Bangkok (Meixian)	核卵
	Bangkok (Fengshun)	核卵
Huizhou	Jixi	卵子
Jin	Pingyao	堆兒, 蛋
	Xinzhou	蛋籽子
Min Dong	Fuzhou	𡳞核子, 𡳞核
	Changle	𡳞核子
	Fuqing	𡳞核子
	Yongtai	𡳞脬子
	Gutian	𡳞核子
	Fu'an	𡳞脬子
	Ningde	𡳞脬子
	Shouning	𡳞脬子
	Zhouning	尿脬子
	Fuding	卵脬子
Min Nan	Xiamen	𡳞核, 腎子
	Quanzhou	𡳞核, 腎子
	Jinjiang	𡳞核
	Yongchun	𡳞核, 𡳞核子
	Zhangzhou	𡳞核, 腎子
	Zhao'an	𡳞核
	Taipei	𡳞核
	Taipei (Wanhua)	𡳞脬核仔
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	𡳞核
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	𡳞核
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	𡳞核
	Kaohsiung	𡳞核, 𡳞核仔
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	𡳞核仔, 𡳞核
	Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang)	𡳞核
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	𡳞核
	Kaohsiung (Tianliao)	𡳞核
	Yilan	𡳞核
	Yilan (Toucheng)	𡳞核仔
	Changhua (Lukang)	𡳞核, 𡳞核仔
	Taichung	𡳞核仔
	Taichung (Wuqi)	𡳞核
	Tainan	𡳞核, 𡳞核仔, 腎子
	Tainan (Anping)	𡳞核
	Taitung	𡳞核仔
	Hsinchu	𡳞核, 𡳞核仔
	Kinmen	𡳞核
	Penghu (Magong)	𡳞核
	Penghu (Xiyu)	𡳞核
	Penang (Hokkien)	𡳞核, 核, 𡳞脬子
	Singapore (Hokkien)	𡳞核, 腎子, 𡳞脬子
	Manila (Hokkien)	𡳞核
	Chaozhou	核
	Shantou	𡳞核
	Shantou (Chenghai)	𡳞核
	Nan'ao (Houzhai)	𡳞核
	Nan'ao (Yun'ao)	𡳞核
	Jieyang	𡳞核, 𡳞仁
	Haifeng	𡳞脬核
	Bangkok (Teochew)	𡳞核
	Leizhou	𡳞脬子, 𡳞脬核, 核子
	Wenchang	𡳞仁
	Haikou	𡳞脬仁
Puxian Min	Putian (Donghai)	𡳞核
Min Zhong	Sanyuan	石核
	Shaxian	尿脬核
Shaojiang Min	Mingxi	腎肚子
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	卵子
Wu	Shanghai	卵子
	Suzhou	卵子
	Danyang	卵脬黃, 卵子黃
	Hangzhou	卵子
	Ningbo	卵黃, 卵袋黃
	Wenzhou	卵子, 卵袋子, 陰袋子
	Jinhua	老核子
Xiang	Loudi	考子, 卵子

Compounds

乜春 春核 春袋 石春

多春魚／多春鱼 (duōchūnyú) 水蛇春咁長／水蛇春咁长 蝦春／虾春

雞春／鸡春 魚春／鱼春 鵝春石／鹅春石

References

• “春”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

春

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. spring (season)

Readings

• Go-on: しゅん (shun, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: しゅん (shun, Jōyō)
• Kun: はる (haru, 春, Jōyō)

Compounds

• 小(こ)春(はる) (koharu, “early autumn, Indian summer”)
• 小(こ)春(はる)日(び)和(より) (koharubiyori, “early autumn, Indian summer”)
• 常春(とこはる) (tokoharu, “everlasting spring”)
• 初春(はつはる) (hatsuharu), 初(しょ)春(しゅん) (shoshun, “early spring, New Year”)
• 春(しゅん)菊(ぎく) (shungiku, “garland chrysanthemum”)
• 春秋(しゅんじゅう) (shunjū, “spring and autumn, months and years, Chronicles of Lu”)
• 春(しゅん)秋(じゅう)戦(せん)国(ごく) (shunjūsengoku, “Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period in China”)
• 春(はる)一番(いちばん) (haruichiban, “first storm of spring”)
• 春(はる)風(かぜ) (harukaze, “spring breeze”)
• 春(はる)霞(がすみ) (harugasumi, “springtime haze”)
• 春(はる)着(ぎ) (harugi, “springwear, New Year's clothes”)
• 春(はる)蚕(ご) (harugo, “spring breed of silkworms”)
• 春(はる)先(さき) (harusaki, “beginning of spring”)
• 春(はる)雨(さめ) (harusame, “spring rain, cellophane noodles”)
• 春(はる)場(ば)所(しょ) (harubasho, “the spring sumo tournament in Osaka”)
• 春(はる)繭(まゆ) (harumayu, “the spring cocoon crop”)
• 春(はる)休(やす)み (haruyasumi, “spring break”)
• 来(らい)春(しゅん) (raishun, “next spring”)
• 翌(よく)春(しゅん) (yokushun, “next spring”)
• 春(しゅん)分(ぶん) (shunbun, “spring equinox, vernal equinox”)

Pronunciation

Kanji in this term
春
はる Grade: 2
kun’yomi

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) は​る [háꜜrù] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ha̠ɾɯ̟ᵝ]

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

春(はる) • (haru) 

1. spring (season)

Synonyms

• 春季(しゅんき) (shunki): spring
• 春期(しゅんき) (shunki): spring

Coordinate terms

Seasons in Japanese · 四(し)季(き) (shiki, “four seasons”) (layout · text) · category
春(はる) (haru, “spring”) 春(しゅん)季(き) (shunki, “spring”) 春(しゅん)期(き) (shunki, “spring period”)	夏(なつ) (natsu, “summer”) 夏(か)季(き) (kaki, “summer”) 夏(か)期(き) (kaki, “summer period”)	秋(あき) (aki, “fall; autumn”) 秋(しゅう)季(き) (shūki, “fall; autumn”) 秋(しゅう)期(き) (shūki, “fall period”)	冬(ふゆ) (fuyu, “winter”) 冬(とう)季(き) (tōki, “winter”) 冬(とう)期(き) (tōki, “winter period”)

Derived terms

• 春(はる)めく (harumeku)

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Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 春 (MC t͡ɕʰiuɪn).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	츈 (Yale: chyùn)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527	봄〮 (Yale: pwóm)	츈 (Yale: chyùn)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʰun]
• Phonetic hangul: [춘]

Hanja

Wikisource春 (eumhun 봄 춘 (bom chun))

1. Hanja form^? of 춘 (“spring (season)”). [affix]

Compounds

Compounds

• 춘추 (春秋, chunchu)
• 입춘 (立春, ipchun)
• 청춘 (靑春, cheongchun)
• 매춘 (賣春, maechun)
• 매춘부 (賣春婦, maechunbu)
• 사춘기 (思春期, sachun'gi, “puberty”)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

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Vietnamese

Han character

春: Hán Việt readings: xuân (樞(xu)倫(luân)切(thiết))[1][2][3][4]
春: Nôm readings: xuân[1][2][5][4][6][7], xoan[1][2][3][4][7]

1. chữ Hán form of xuân (“spring (season)”).

Compounds

Derived terms

• 仲春 (trọng xuân)
• 回春 (hồi xuân)
• 孟春 (mạnh xuân)
• 新春 (tân xuân)
• 春亭 (xuân đình)
• 春分 (xuân phân)
• 春夏秋冬 (xuân hạ thu đông)
• 春山 (xuân sơn)
• 春桃 (xuân đào)
• 春秋 (xuân thu)
• 立春 (lập xuân)
• 賞春 (thưởng xuân)
• 迎春 (nghênh xuân)
• 遊春 (du xuân)
• 開春 (khai xuân)
• 青春 (thanh xuân)

References

1. Nguyễn (2014).
2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
3. Trần (2004).
4. Bonet (1899).
5. Hồ (1976).
6. Génibrel (1898).
7. Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).