方向

方向

Chinese

		square; quadrilateral; place square; quadrilateral; place; region; direction; side; method; way; prescription; power; upright; just	direction; part; side direction; part; side; towards; to; guide; opposite to
simp. and trad. (方向)		方	向

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): fāngxiàng

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄤ ㄒㄧㄤˋ

  (Chengdu, SP): fang¹ xiang⁴

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fong¹ hoeng³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fông-hiong
• Min Dong (BUC): huŏng-hióng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): hong-hiòng / hong-hiàng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): huang¹ hiang³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fāngxiàng → fāngxiang (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄤ ㄒㄧㄤˋ → ㄈㄤ ˙ㄒㄧㄤ (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fangsiång
    • Wade–Giles: fang¹-hsiang⁵
    • Yale: fāng-syang
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fang.shianq
    • Palladius: фансян (fansjan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕjɑŋ⁵¹/ → /fɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕjɑŋ²/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: fang¹ xiang⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fangxiang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /faŋ⁵⁵ ɕiaŋ²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: fong¹ hoeng³
    • Yale: fōng heung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fong¹ hoeng³
    • Guangdong Romanization: fong¹ hêng³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔːŋ⁵⁵ hœːŋ³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fông-hiong
    • Hakka Romanization System: fong´ hiong
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fong¹ hiong⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /foŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hi̯oŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: huŏng-hióng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huoŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^(h-)ŋyɔŋ²¹³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hong-hiòng
    • Tâi-lô: hong-hiòng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: honghioxng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ³³ hiɔŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hiɔŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɔŋ¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɔŋ²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hong-hiàng
    • Tâi-lô: hong-hiàng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: honghiaxng
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hiaŋ²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: huang¹ hiang³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huang hiàng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ³³⁻²³ hiaŋ²¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: /pʉɐŋ  hɨɐŋ^H/

Rime
Character	方	向
Reading #	2/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	陽 (106)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	府良切	許亮切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʉɐŋ/	/hɨɐŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/pʷiɐŋ/	/hiɐŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/piuɑŋ/	/xiɑŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puaŋ/	/hɨaŋH/
Li Rong	/piuaŋ/	/xiaŋH/
Wang Li	/pĭwaŋ/	/xĭaŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/piwaŋ/	/xi̯aŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fāng	xiàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fong1	hoeng3

Noun

方向

1. direction; orientation

   研究方向  ―  yánjiū fāngxiàng  ―  research direction

   轉換方向／转换方向  ―  zhuǎnhuàn fāngxiàng  ―  to change direction

   你要朝那個方向走。 [MSC, trad.]
   你要朝那个方向走。 [MSC, simp.]

   Nǐ yào cháo nà ge fāngxiàng zǒu. [Pinyin]

   You need to go in that direction.

   她朝哪個方向去了？ [MSC, trad.]
   她朝哪个方向去了？ [MSC, simp.]

   Tā cháo nǎ ge fāngxiàng qù le? [Pinyin]

   Which way did she go?

2. (figuratively, by extension) course; goal or trend of events

   這一樣車向我們展示了未來汽車的發展方向。 [MSC, trad.]
   这一样车向我们展示了未来汽车的发展方向。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè yī yàng chē xiàng wǒmen zhǎnshì le wèilái qìchē de fāzhǎn fāngxiàng. [Pinyin]

   This concept shows us the direction of future car development.

   有人建議他要分散投資方向。 [MSC, trad.]
   有人建议他要分散投资方向。 [MSC, simp.]

   Yǒurén jiànyì tā yào fēnsàn tóuzī fāngxiàng. [Pinyin]

   He was advised to diversify his investments.

Synonyms

• (direction): 方位 (fāngwèi), 指向 (zhǐxiàng), 走向 (zǒuxiàng)
• (course):

edit

取向 (qǔxiàng) 意味 (yìwèi) 潮流 (cháoliú) 走向 (zǒuxiàng) 傾向／倾向 (qīngxiàng)

動向／动向 (dòngxiàng) 苗頭／苗头 (miáotou) 趨勢／趋势 (qūshì) 趨向／趋向 (qūxiàng)

Derived terms

大方向 (dàfāngxiàng) 方向感 (fāngxiànggǎn) 方向舵 (fāngxiàngduò)

掌方向盤的／掌方向盘的 方向盤／方向盘 (fāngxiàngpán)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (方向):

• → Japanese: 方向(ほうこう) (hōkō)
• → Korean: 방향(方向) (banghyang)
• → Vietnamese: phương hướng (方向)

See also

• 方面 (fāngmiàn)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
方	向
ほう Grade: 2	こう Grade: 3
on’yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 方向 (MC pʉɐŋ hɨɐŋ^H).

Noun

方(ほう)向(こう) • (hōkō) 

1. direction; heading
2. course (in life etc.), goal
3. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

   内緒(ないしょ)の方向(ほうこう)でお願(ねが)いします。

   Naisho no hōkō de o-negai shimasu.

   Keep it a secret, please.

Synonyms

• (direction): 方角(ほうがく) (hōgaku), 方(ほう) (hō)
• (course): 方針(ほうしん) (hōshin), 目当(めあ)て (meate)

Derived terms

• 方向音痴(ほうこうおんち) (hōkōonchi)

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

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Korean

Hanja in this term
方	向

Noun

方向 • (banghyang) (hangeul 방향)

1. Hanja form^? of 방향 (“direction; orientation”).

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Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
方	向

Noun

方向

1. chữ Hán form of phương hướng (“direction”).