敗勢
See also: 败势
Chinese
| be defeated; to defeat; loss | power; force; tendency power; force; tendency; conditions; influence | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (敗勢) | 敗 | 勢 | |
| simp. (败势) | 败 | 势 | |
| alternative forms | 怌勢／怌势 | ||
Etymology
From Hokkien 歹勢／歹势 (pháiⁿ-sè).
Pronunciation
Interjection
敗勢
- (Taiwanese Hakka) sorry; excuse me
- 敗勢！毋堵好摎你个車仔撞壞了。 [Sixian Hakka, trad.]
- Phài-se! M̀-tú-hó lâu ǹg ke chhâ-é chhong-fái lé. [Pha̍k-fa-sṳ]
- Sorry, [I] accidentally broke your car.
败势！毋堵好摎你个车仔撞坏了。 [Sixian Hakka, simp.]
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 對不起 (“sorry”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 對不起 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 對不起 |
| Taiwan | 對不起 | |
| Malaysia | 對不起 | |
| Singapore | 對不起 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 對唔住 |
| Hong Kong | 對唔住, sorry, sor informal | |
| Taishan | 對唔住 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 對唔住 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 對唔住 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 對唔住 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 失禮, 敗勢, 斯里麻生 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 失禮, 壞勢, 斯里麻生 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 失禮, 敗勢, 斯里麻生 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 失禮, 敗勢, 歪勢, 斯里麻生 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 失禮, 敗勢, 斯里麻生 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 失禮, 歹勢, 斯里麻生 | |
| Singapore (Dabu) | 敗勢 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 對不起 |
| Min Dong | Matsu | 對不住 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 歹勢, 對不住, 失禮 |
| Quanzhou | 歹勢, 對不住 | |
| Zhangzhou | 䆀勢, 對不住 | |
| Taipei | 失禮, 歹勢 | |
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | 失禮 | |
| Kaohsiung | 失禮, 歹勢 | |
| Yilan | 失禮 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 失禮, 歹勢 | |
| Taichung | 失禮 | |
| Taichung (Wuqi) | 失禮 | |
| Tainan | 失禮, 歹勢 | |
| Taitung | 歹勢 | |
| Hsinchu | 失禮 | |
| Kinmen | 失禮 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 失禮 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 歹勢, sorry | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 歹勢, 對毋住, sorry | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 歹勢, 對不住 | |
| Chaozhou | 對唔住 | |
| Shantou | 對唔住 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 對唔住, 歹勢 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 勿好意思, 對勿起 |
| Ningbo | 交代勿過, 勿好意思 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 對不住 |
Dialectal synonyms of 不好意思 (“excuse me”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 不好意思 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 不好意思 |
| Taiwan | 不好意思 | |
| Singapore | 不好意思 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 唔好意思 |
| Hong Kong | 唔好意思 | |
| Taishan | 唔好意思 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 唔好意思 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 唔好意思 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 敗勢 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 壞勢 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 敗勢 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 敗勢, 歪勢 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 敗勢 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 歹勢 | |
| Kuching (Hepo) | 唔好意思 | |
| Singapore (Dabu) | 敗勢 | |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 歹勢 |
| Quanzhou | 歹勢 | |
| Shishi | 歹勢 | |
| Zhangzhou | 䆀勢 | |
| Taipei | 歹勢 | |
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | 歹勢 | |
| Kaohsiung | 歹勢 | |
| Yilan | 歹勢 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 歹勢 | |
| Taichung | 歹勢 | |
| Taichung (Wuqi) | 歹勢 | |
| Tainan | 歹勢 | |
| Taitung | 歹勢 | |
| Hsinchu | 歹勢 | |
| Kinmen | 歹勢 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 歹勢 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 歹勢, 無好意思 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 歹勢 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 歹勢 | |
| Chaozhou | 孬意思 | |
| Shantou | 孬意思 | |
| Jieyang | 孬意思 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 孬意思, 歹勢 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 勿好意思 |
References
- 臺灣客家語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Hakka] (in Chinese and Hakka), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2014.