bile
English
Pronunciation
- enPR: bīl, IPA(key): /baɪl/
Audio (Southern England) (file) - Rhymes: -aɪl
Etymology 1
Mid 16th century, via Middle French, from Latin bīlis (“bile”).
Noun
bile (usually uncountable, plural biles)
- A bitter brownish-yellow or greenish-yellow secretion produced by the liver, stored in the gall bladder, and discharged into the duodenum where it aids the process of digestion.
- Bitterness of temper; ill humour; irascibility.
- Two of the four humours, black bile or yellow bile, in ancient and medieval physiology.
- 1890, Walter Scott, The Journal of Sir Walter Scott:
- I shall tire of my Journal if it is to contain nothing but biles and plasters and unguents.
- 1616, Alexander Roberts, A Treatise of Witchcraft:
- He spake out of the Pythonesse, Act. 16. 17. brought downe fire from heauen, and consumed Iobs sheepe 7000. and his seruants, raised a storme, strooke the house wherein his sonnes and daughters feasted with their elder brother, smote the foure corners of it, with the ruine whereof they all were destroyed, and perished: and ouerspread the body of that holy Saint their father with botches[t] and biles from the sole of his foot to the crowne of his head.
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Synonyms
- gall
Derived terms
- atrabilious
- bile acid
- bile duct
- bileful
- bile pigment
- bile salt
- bile soap
- biliary
- biliary tract
- bilious
- bilirubin
- black bile
- violet red bile agar
- yellow bile
Translations
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Etymology 2
Obsolete form of boil. Akin to Dutch buil and German Beule, all from Proto-Germanic *būlǭ.
Noun
bile (plural biles)
- (obsolete) A boil (kind of swelling).
Verb
bile (third-person singular simple present biles, present participle biling or bileing, simple past and past participle biled)
- Pronunciation spelling of boil.
- 1912, Stella George Stern Perry, Melindy (page 130)
- We pretty near biled ourselves and Miss Euly done got her bes' pink apron stained, an' I dropped Sis Suky's big kitchen spoon in de hogshead of sand […]
- 1912, Stella George Stern Perry, Melindy (page 130)
Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for bile in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913)
Anagrams
- -ible, Lieb
Albanian
Etymology 1
Either related to bolle pl (“testicles”), or a singularized plural of *bilë, from Proto-Albanian *beila, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyH- (“to strike, beat”), in which case close to Proto-Germanic *bilją (“spike, peg, nail, axe, sword, blade”). Compare English bill, German Bille (“axe”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbilɛ/
Noun
bile f (indefinite plural bile, definite singular bilja, definite plural bilet)
- (childish) weenie (penis)
Declension
| indefinite forms (trajta të pashquara) | definite forms (trajta të shquara) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular (numri njëjës) | plural (numri shumës) | singular (numri njëjës) | plural (numri shumës) | ||
| nominative (emërore) | (një) bile | (disa) bile | bilja | bilet | |
| accusative (kallëzore) | (një) bile | (disa) bile | bilen | bilet | |
| genitive (gjinore) (i/e/të/së) | (një) bileje | (disa) bileve | biles | bileve | |
| dative (dhanore) | (një) bileje | (disa) bileve | biles | bileve | |
| ablative (rrjedhore) (prej) | (një) bileje | (disa) bilesh | biles | bileve | |
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /biˈlɛ/
Particle
bile
- (colloquial) Reinforces what has already been said; even, in fact, furthermore
- Synonym: madje
- bile bile ― as a matter of fact
References
- “bile” on fjalorthi.com
French
Etymology
From Latin bilis.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bil/
Audio (file)
Noun
bile f (uncountable)
- bile
Derived terms
- bile jaune
- bile noire
- bileux
- se faire de la bile
Further reading
- “bile”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbʲɪlʲə/
Etymology 1
From Old Irish bile, from Proto-Celtic *belyom (“tree”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰolh₃yom (“leaf”).
Noun
bile m (genitive singular bile, nominative plural bilí)
- tree, especially a large, ancient, sacred one
- scion; distinguished person
Derived terms
- bile buí (“corn marigold”)
- bile measa (“arbitrator”)
- biliúil (“tree-like, stately”, adjective)
Etymology 2
See béal (“lip”)
Noun
bile m (genitive singular bile, nominative plural bilí)
- rim (of vessel)
Declension
Fourth declension
Bare forms
| Forms with the definite article
|
Mutation
| Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
| bile | bhile | mbile |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “bile”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 bile”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Italian
Etymology
Probably borrowed from Latin bīlis (“bile”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbi.le/
- Rhymes: -ile
- Hyphenation: bì‧le
Noun
bile f (plural bili)
- (physiology) bile
- anger
Derived terms
- biliare
- bilioso
- bilirubina
- biliverdina
See also
- fiele
Anagrams
- beli
Latin
Noun
bīle
- ablative singular of bīlis
Norwegian Bokmål
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /²biːl.ə/
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Middle Low German bīle (“axe”).
Noun
bile f or m (definite singular bila or bilen, indefinite plural biler, definite plural bilene)
- An axe, espescially a broadaxe
Etymology 2
From bil.
Verb
bile (present tense biler, past tense bilte, past participle bilt)
- To ride a car
References
“bile” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /²biːl.ə/
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Middle Low German bīle (“axe”).
Noun
bile f (definite singular bila, indefinite plural biler, definite plural bilene)
- An axe, espescially a broadaxe
Etymology 2
From bil.
Verb
bile (present tense bilar or biler, past tense bila or bilte, past participle bila or bilt)
- To ride a car
References
“bile” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *belyos (“tree”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰolyo- (“leaf”). Cognate with Latin folium, Ancient Greek φύλλον (phúllon), and Old Armenian բողբոջ (bołboǰ).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbʲilʲe/
Noun
bile m (genitive bili, nominative plural bili)
- tree, especially a large, ancient, sacred one
Declension
| Masculine io-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | bile | bileL | biliL |
| Vocative | bili | bileL | biliu |
| Accusative | bileN | bileL | biliuH |
| Genitive | biliL | bileL | bileN |
| Dative | biliuL | bilib | bilib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
| |||
Derived terms
- bilech, biledach
Descendants
- Irish: bile
- Manx: billey
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| bile | bile pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/ | mbile |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 bile”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Portuguese
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin bilis.
Noun
bile f (uncountable)
- gall; bile
- Synonyms: fel, bílis
Romanian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈbile]
Noun
bile f
- inflection of bilă:
- indefinite plural
- indefinite genitive/dative singular
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology 1
From Old Irish bél (“lip”).[1] Related to beul.
Noun
bile f (genitive singular bile, plural bilean)
- lip (of mouth)
- rim (of container)
- brim (of hat)
Etymology 2
Borrowed from English bill.
Noun
bile m (genitive singular bile, plural bilean)
- bill (for law)
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 419
Serbo-Croatian
Alternative forms
- bilèsi
Etymology
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish بیله (bile) (Turkish bile).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bǐle/
- Hyphenation: bi‧le
Adverb
bìle (Cyrillic spelling бѝле)
- (regional) moreover, even
- bile je i on došao čak i on
- even he came
Participle
bile (Cyrillic spelling биле)
- feminine plural active past participle of biti
Turkish
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish بیله (bile), from Proto-Turkic *bile (“with, together, also”). Cognate with Turkish ile.
Conjunction
bile
- neither, even
West Frisian
Etymology
Borrowed from Middle Dutch bile or Middle Low German bîle, bîl (“axe”), both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *bilją.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbilə/
Noun
bile c (plural bilen, diminutive byltsje)
- axe
Further reading
- “bile”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
Yola
Etymology
From Middle English boillen, from Old French boillir. It's a vulgar pronunciation in Ireland.
Verb
bile (simple past bilethe or bilo't)
- to boil
References
- Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 26