改善

改善

Chinese

		to change; to alter; to transform to change; to alter; to transform; to correct	good
simp. and trad. (改善)		改	善

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gǎishàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄞˇ ㄕㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): goi² sin⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kói-san
• Min Nan (POJ): kái-siǎn / kái-siān

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: gǎishàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄞˇ ㄕㄢˋ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaeshann
    • IPA ^(key): /kaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ ʂa̠n⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: goi² sin⁶
    • Yale: gói sihn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: goi² sin⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: goi² xin⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /kɔːi̯³⁵ siːn²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kói-san
    • Hakka Romanization System: goi` san
    • Hagfa Pinyim: goi³ san⁴
    • IPA: /koi̯³¹ san⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kái-siǎn
    • Tâi-lô: kái-siǎn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kaɪ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɕiɛn²²/
  • (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kái-siān
    • Tâi-lô: kái-siān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kaysien
    • IPA (Taipei): /kaɪ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɕiɛn³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kaɪ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɕiɛn³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kaɪ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɕiɛn²²/

Verb

改善

1. to improve; to better

   我想改善我的打字速度和準確性。 [MSC, trad.]
   我想改善我的打字速度和准确性。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ xiǎng gǎishàn wǒ de dǎzì sùdù hé zhǔnquèxìng. [Pinyin]

   I'd like to improve my typing speed and accuracy.

See also

• 提高 (tígāo)
• 向上 (xiàngshàng)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
改	善
かい Grade: 4	ぜん Grade: 6
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
  • IPA^(key): [ka̠izẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

改善 (hiragana かいぜん, rōmaji kaizen)

1. improvement, an action taken to improve
2. improvement, a spontaneous change for the better

Antonyms

• (improvement): 改悪 (かいあく) (kaiaku)

See also

• 上達 (じょうたつ) (jōtatsu)

Verb

改善する (transitive and intransitive, hiragana かいぜんする, rōmaji kaizen suru)

1. (transitive) to improve, to make better
2. (intransitive) for something to improve on its own

   症 (しょう)状 (じょう)が改善 (かいぜん)する

   shōjō ga kaizen suru

   the symptoms improve

Conjugation

Conjugation of "改善する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	改善し	かいぜんし	kaizen shi
Continuative (連用形)	改善し	かいぜんし	kaizen shi
Terminal (終止形)	改善する	かいぜんする	kaizen suru
Attributive (連体形)	改善する	かいぜんする	kaizen suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	改善すれ	かいぜんすれ	kaizen sure
Imperative (命令形)	改善せよ¹ 改善しろ²	かいぜんせよ¹ かいぜんしろ²	kaizen seyo¹ kaizen shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	改善される	かいぜんされる	kaizen sareru
Causative	改善させる 改善さす	かいぜんさせる かいぜんさす	kaizen saseru kaizen sasu
Potential	改善できる	かいぜんできる	kaizen dekiru
Volitional	改善しよう	かいぜんしよう	kaizen shiyō
Negative	改善しない	かいぜんしない	kaizen shinai
Negative continuative	改善せず	かいぜんせず	kaizen sezu
Formal	改善します	かいぜんします	kaizen shimasu
Perfective	改善した	かいぜんした	kaizen shita
Conjunctive	改善して	かいぜんして	kaizen shite
Hypothetical conditional	改善すれば	かいぜんすれば	kaizen sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

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Korean

Hanja in this term
改	善

Noun

改善 • (gaeseon) (hangeul 개선)

1. Hanja form^? of 개선 (“improvement, reform”).

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Vietnamese

Hán tự in this word
改	善

Verb

改善

1. Hán tự form of cải thiện (“to improve”).